(整理版高中英语)实验高考复习名词性从句.doc
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_1.gif)
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_1.gif)
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_1.gif)
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_1.gif)
![资源得分’ title=](/images/score_05.gif)
《(整理版高中英语)实验高考复习名词性从句.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《(整理版高中英语)实验高考复习名词性从句.doc(19页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、省实验高考复习名词性从句 考点知识清单 复合句包括两个或两个以上的主谓结构,其中一个是主句,另一个是从句(即在整个句子中作句子的一个成分,不能独立)。按照从句在句中的功能,可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。因为这四种从句在整个句子中所起的作用相当于一个名词,因此,统称为名词性从句。名词性从句需由连接词引导,连接词主要有三类:附属连词、连接代词和连接副词。附属连词只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词既起连接作用,又在从句中充当某一个成分。另外,名词性从句要用陈述语序。 知识梳理 考点一 主语从句 常引导主语从句的连接词有附属连词:that(
2、无词义),whetherif(是否);连接代词:what(什么;所的),who(主格,谁),whom(宾格,谁),which(哪一个),whose(谁的),whatever(无论什么),whoever(主格,无论谁),whomever(宾格,无论谁),whichever(无论哪一个)等;连接副词:when(什么时候),where(什么地方),why(为什么),how(怎样)等。 1that引导的主语从句 that只起连接作用,无词义,在从句中不作成分,一般不能省略。如: That he will come and help us is certain他来帮我们是肯定的了。 That pneum
3、onia is a comrnon disease is known to all。 众所周知,肺炎是一种普通疾病。 2whetherif引导的主语从句 whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句尾,但if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾,前面需用it作形式主语。whetherif只起连接作用,译成“是否,在从句中不作成分。如: Whether it is true remains a question.它是真是假,还是个问题。(不能用if) It is doubtful whether the manager knew the details of the plan 经理是否知道方案的细节
4、,还值得疑心。(也可用if) 3wh-类连接词引导的主语从句 wh-类连接词除起连接作用外,还在从句中作成分。连接代词主要作主语、宾语、表语、定语等;连接副词在从句中作状语。如: What you are doing is very difficult 你正在做的事情很难。(what引导主语从句,在从句中作宾语) Whoever breaks the law should be punished 任何违法的人都要受到惩罚。(whoever引导主语从句,在从句中作主语) Who will do the job has not been decided 还没决定谁去做那份工作。(who引导主语从句
5、,在从句中作主语) When we shall have our sports meet is still a question 我们将什么时候开运动会还是个问题。(when引导主语从句,在从句中作状语) 4It+谓语+主语从句 有时主语从句放在句首,句子显得笨重,常把主语从句移到句末用it作形式主语。常用句型有以下四种: (1)It+系动词+形容词+thatwh-从句 常用于这种句型的形容词有:good(好);important(重要的);likely(可能的);unlikely(不可能的);possible(可能的);clear(清楚的);necessary(必要的);true(真的);w
6、rong(错误的);natural(自然的);strange(奇怪的)。如: It is likely that there will be a snowstorm tomorrow 很可能明天会有一场暴风雪。 It is certain that your son will do well in his exam 你儿子在考试中取得好成绩是毋庸置疑的。 It is very important that we must master English words as many as possible 我们必须尽可能多地掌握英文单词,这是很重要的。 (2)It+系动词+名词+thatwh-从句
7、 常用于这种句型的名词有:a fact(一个事实);a good idea(一个好主意);an honor(一种荣誉);a mystery(一个奥秘);a question(一个问题);a pity(一个遗憾);a shame(一种耻辱;一个遗憾);a pleasure(一件乐事);no wonder(难怪);common knowledge(常识)。如: It is a pity that you didnt attend the lecture yesterday 你昨天没参加讲座真是遗憾。 It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fi
8、sh鲸鱼不是鱼,这是常识。 It is a complete mystery how the prisoner escaped囚犯是如何逃跑的,还是一个谜。 (3)It+系动词+过去分词+thatwh-从句 常用于这种句型的分词有:known(众所周知);proved(证明);said(据说);reported(据报道);decided(作出决定);suggested(有人建议);advised(有人建议);ordered(根据命令);remembered(有人记得);thought(有人认为);considered(据认为);well known(很著名);hoped(有人希望);turne
9、d out(结果);pointed out(有人指出)。如: It is said that the professor has already succeeded in carrying out this experiment 据说这位教授已经成功地完成了这项实验。 It is known to all that the earth is round 众所周知,地球是圆的。 It must be kept in mind that theory is combined-with practice 定要记住理论联系实际。 (4)It+不及物动词+thatwh-从句 常用于这种句型的动词有:ap
10、pear似乎,好似;happen碰巧;matter重要;occur发生;seem似乎,好似。如: It seems to me that you object to the plan在我看来,你好似反对这个方案。 It happened that I was not there that day碰巧那天我不在那里。 It suddenly occurred to him that the keys might be left in the car 他突然想到钥匙也许丢在车里。 注意 以上四种句型中前三种在表示建议、要求、命令、愿望、责任、义务时,从句谓语动词常用“should+动词原形,sho
11、uld可以省略,翻译成“应该,如表示的是过去的动作,要用“should+have+过去分词形式。如要表示对现在事物的惊奇、遗憾、惋惜时也常用“should+动词原形,should可以省略,翻译成“竟然;居然。 It is advisable that she(should)take a couple of days of rest 建议她应该休息一两天。 It is suggested that each student(should)sing a song in English (有人)建议每个学生唱一首英语歌曲。 It is strange that he sbould say so他居然
12、会这样说真是奇怪。 it is a great pity that you should think so你居然会这样想真是一件可悲的事。 It is no surprise that Carl should have won the game卡尔赢得比赛并不奇怪。 5主语从句应注意的几个问题 (1)that引导的主语从句既可放在句首,也可放在句尾,但是在以下情况下that从句不可提前。 在It is saidreportedbelievedhoped that.的结构中。如: It is reported that a bank was robbed yesterday. 相当于A bank
13、 is reported to have been robbed yesterday. 在It happenedoccurredseemed.的结构中。如: It happened that the teacher was not in the office that day 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时。如: Is it true that you will give up the job?你将放弃工作是真的吗? (2)下面这种情况常用it作形式主语。 在It doesnt matter+whatwhetherifhow.结构中。如: It doesnt matter what you sa
14、y你说什么没关系。 Does it matter if an engineer is a man or a woman? 工程师是男是女,这有什么要紧呢? (3)由what引导的主语从句谓语动词单复数问题 what引导的主语从句一般按单数对待,但是,在实际使用中究竟按单数还是按复数对待取决于其成分的含义。如: What we need is more time.我们需要的是更多的时间。 What I did was to turn off the radio我做的就是关掉收音机。 What I want you to learn now is to remember more words 现在
15、我想让你学的是记住更多的单词。 What were left behind were five empty bottles扔掉的是五个空瓶子。 考点二 宾语从句 在句子中起宾语作用的从句称作宾语从句。引导宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词大体一样,用法也一样,宾语从句可分为四类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句,非谓语动词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。 1动词的宾语从句 (1)that引导的宾语从句 that常用来引导宾语从句,在口语和非正式文体中that常省去。如: Richard hopes(that)the teacher wont ask him a question I belie
16、ve(that)you are telling the truth.我相信你正在讲述事实。 在ask,suggest,demand,desire,insist,order,command,propose,recommend,require等表示要求、愿望、命令、建议等意义的动词之后,that从句中常用“(should)+动词原形这种虚拟语气形式来表达。如: The teacher suggested that we should call off the plan The company demanded that the production(should)rise at the rate
17、of 5 percent a year 公司要求,生产应该以每年百分之五的速度提高。 当主句谓语动词为believe,expect,imagine,suppose,think等表示“认为、“猜测、“估计的意思时,其后的宾语从句如果带否认意义,通常应将否认词“not前置于主句谓语上。如: I dont think(that)he will succeed我认为他不会成功的。 I dont suppose thal anyone will object to the plan 我想不会有任何人反对这个方案。 She didnt imagine that we would say anything她
18、想到了我们不会说任何事情。 如果宾语从句后跟有补语,常用it作形式宾语,而将从句放到补语之后。如: I think it important that young people master two languages 我认为年轻人掌握两种语言是重要的。 We must bear it in mind that theory should be combined with practice 我们必须牢记理论联系实际。 I heard it said that the meeting would be put off我听说了会议要推迟。 She took it for granted that
19、you knew the matter 她认为你知道这件事情是理所当然的。 在口语和非正式文体中,引导宾语从句的that常省去。但是如果有两个that引导的从句作宾语,第二个that通常不能省略,以免引起歧义。如: I know(that)you have studied English。and that you have written an English poem 我知道你学英语了还写了一首英文诗。 She denied(that)she had seen the man and that she had been in touch with him 她否认她见过那个男人并和他保持联系。
20、 在由doubt,doubtful引导的宾语从句中,如果主句为肯定句,宾语从句的连接词常用whether或if;如果主句为否认句或疑问句,宾语从句的连接词常用that。如: I doubt ifwhether he can pass the exam我疑心他是否通过了考试。 I dont doubt that he will pass the exam我毫不疑心他会通过考试。 I am doubtful whetherif they will win the game我疑心他们是否会赢得比赛。 I am not doubtful that he will get the job我毫不疑心他会得
21、到工作。 (2)whetherif引导的宾语从句 whetherif引导的宾语从句,虽然是由一般疑问句转化而来,但要用陈述语序。如: “Do you have enough money?he asked He asked me whetherif I had enough money他问我是否有足够的钱。 whetherif引导动词的宾语从句时,两者一般能互换,但在以下几种情况中,一般多用whether。 whether引导的宾语从句置于句首时。如: Whether he is an expert,I dont mind我不在乎他是否是专家。 whether后紧跟or not,不能用if;wh
22、ether与or not分开,可用if。如: They doubt whether or not Jack is a good student 他们疑心杰克是否是个好学生。(不能换成if) discuss后的宾语从句。如: We are now discussing whether we should go swimming 我们正在讨论是否去游泳。 后接动词不定式时。如: Can you tell me whether to go or to stay?你能告诉我是去还是留? (3)wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句 wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化而来,但要用陈述语序。如: “Wh
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 整理 高中英语 实验 高考 复习 词性 从句
![提示](https://www.taowenge.com/images/bang_tan.gif)
限制150内