2022年综合类每日一练05-22-综合类.docx

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1、2022年综合类每日一练05-22-综合类1、The American FamilyIn the American family the husband and wife usually share important decision *. When the children are (51) enough, they take part as well. Foreigners are often surprised by the permissiveness(宽容) of American parents. The old rule that children should be seen

2、 and not heard is rarely (52) , and children are often allowed to do (53) they wish without strict control of their parents. The father seldom expects his children to listen to him (54) question, and children are encouraged to be (55) at an early age. Some people believe that American parents carry

3、this freedom (56) far. Others think that a strong father image would not (57) the American values of equality and independence. Because Americans emphasize the importance of independence, young people are expected to (58) their parental families by the time they have (59) their late teens or early t

4、wenties. Indeed, not to do so is often regarded as a (60) , a kind of weak dependence.This pattern of independence often results in serious (61) for the aging parents of a small family. The average American is expected to live (62) the age of 70 The job-retirement age is (63) 65. The children have l

5、eft home, married, and (64) their own households. At least 20 percent of all people over 65 do not have enough retirement incomes. (65) the major problem of many elderly couples is not economic. They feel useless and lonely with neither an occupation nor a close family group.55（）A. dependentB. indep

6、endentC. sureD. secure2、She has been the subject of Umassive/U media coverage.A. extensiveB. negativeC. expensiveD. active3、There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete Ubreaks/U a previous record of performance,A. beatsB. destroysC. maintainsD. defends4、The farmers worried about

7、the (lack) of rain.A. shortageB. driftC. woeD. burden5、阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。B? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Animal Intelligence/B? ?Are Animals intelligent? If they are, which animals are the most intelligent? These are not easy questions to answer. In the first

8、place, no one is quite sure what intelligence is.? ?We often say that intelligence means being able to solve problems.U ?(46) ?/U. For example, dogs and cats often find their way home from long distances. To do this they have to use their intelligence. They have to remember and think. But many birds

9、 find their way over long distances, too. They travel thousands of miles every year when they move from cool to warmer places. We do not know how they do this but we know that they do not use their intelligence.U ?(47) ?/U. Young birds are able to make these journeys without help as soon as they can

10、 fly. They are born with this ability. This is not intelligence. We call this instinct.? ?Often we cannot be sure whether an animal is acting intelligently or instinctively. When a dog hears a strange noise, it barks. This is instinct. It cannot stop itself from doing this. It does not really know w

11、hy it is doing this. But supposing a house is on fire and the dog barks outside its masters bedroom until he wakes up, is the dog using its intelligence?U ?(48) ?/U. Often we cannot be sure.? ?Many animals, however, can be taught to sole problems, especially when they are given rewards. Rats have be

12、en taught to press a lever to get food. Pigeons have been taught to peck a disc for the same reason. Even an octopus(章鱼) has been trained to know the difference between ?a square and an oblong (长方形) ! Animals in circuses have been taught to do all sorts of tricks to amuse an audience.U ?(49) ?/U. It

13、 is saying, if I do this, I will get a reward. Therefore I will do it. This may be thought of as a low kind of intelligence.? ?Some animals, however, show a much higher kind of intelligence. They solve problems without any help. Chimpanzees, one of the ape family, are much more intelligent than othe

14、r animals. A chimpanzee once did something even more intelligent. He did not have a stick. He had two short tubes. Neither of the tubes was long enough to reach the banana but one was wider than the other. He jammed the narrow tube inside the wider tube and in this way made one tube long enough to r

15、each the bananaU ?(50) ?/U.? ?AIs it solving the problem by waking its master or is it simply barking instinctively because it is afraid? ?BChimpanzees can solve certain problems without any help.? ?CSome animals seem able to do this.? ?DIn all these cases we may say that an animal is using intellig

16、ence.? ?EIn other words, he did not simply use a tool, which itself is intelligent: he made a tool.? ?FThey do not remember places and directions and then make decisions.6、 Nurses The physicians in a hospital form the core of the medical staff. But they could not provide effective medical care to th

17、eir patients without the help of numerous other medical workers. From the angle of the patients, the nursing staff is particularly important. Nurses are usually in close contact with patients as long as they are in the hospital. A nurse does not study for as many years as a doctor. However, each mus

18、t be equally trained. Caring for sick persons requires a great deal of patience and concern. Most nurses work long days, and they often must work at odd hours or during the night. The nursing staff in a hospital is usually quite large and various. Nursing services, after all, must be provided on a 2

19、4-hour basis. There are professional (专业的) nurses, practical nurses, nurses aids, and orderlies (勤杂工). The general term nurse refers to a person trained to offer bedside care to sick persons. Under the supervision (管理) of the head nurse, the nursing staff in a hospital ward must attend to patients n

20、eeds. This responsibility continues around the clock, and so nurses must work in shifts. A shift is a period of duty, usually eight hours in length. The nurses on the ward rotate (轮换) their shifts. Some take turns working night duty; others work odd shifts. All of them work out of a central area on

21、the ward called the nurses station. A nurse must always be on her guard. She can never afford to be careless. This is true in all nursing situations , but it is especially true in the intensive care unit. Patients under intensive care are critically ill, and they must be monitored at all times. The

22、nurses who do intensive care duty have one of the most demanding jobs in the hospital.Nursing services in a hospital are generally available around the clock.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned7、B第三篇/BFaster Effective Reading? ?A higher reading rate, with no loss of comprehension, will help you in othe

23、r subjects as well as in English, and the general principles apply to any language. Naturally, you will not read every book at the same speed. ?You would expect to read a newspaper, for example, much more rapidly than a physics or economics textbookbut you can raise your average reading speed over t

24、he whole range of materials you wish to cover so that the percentage (百分比) gained will be the same whatever kind of reading you are concerned with.? ?The reading passages which follow are all of an average level of difficulty for your stage of instruction. They are all about five hundred words long.

25、 They are about topics of general interest which do not require a great deal of specialized knowledge. Thus they fall between the kind of reading you might find in your textbooks and the much less demanding kind you will find in a newspaper or light novel. If you read this kind of English, with unde

26、rstanding at, say, four hundred words per minute, you might drop to two hundred or two hundred and fifty.? ?Perhaps you would like to know what reading speeds are common among native Englishspeaking university students and how those speeds can be improved. ?Tests in Minnesota, U. S. A, for example,

27、have shown that students without special training can read English of average difficulty, for example, Tolstoys War and Peace in translation, at speeds of between 240 and 250 words per minute with about seventy percent comprehension. Students in Minnesota claim that after twelve half-hour lessons, o

28、nce a week, the reading speed can be increased, with no loss of comprehension, to around five hundred words per minute. Which of the following does not describe the types of reading materials mentioned in the second paragraph？A. Those beyond ones reading comprehension.B. Those concerning with common

29、 knowledge.C. Those without the demand for specialized knowledge.D. Those with the length of about five hundred words.8、? ?阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出4个选项。请根据短文的内容，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。BCanal/B? ?Today, most countries in the world have canals. Even in the twentieth century, goods can be moved more cheaply by

30、boat U?(51) ?/U by any other means of trans- port. Some canals, such as the Suez or the Panama, U?(52) ?/U ships weeks of time by making their voyage a thousand miles shorter. Other canals permit boats to reach cities that are not located on the coast. Still other canals U?(53) ?/U lands where there

31、 is too much water, help or irrigate fields where there is not enough water, and furnish water power for factories and mills.? ?The U?(54) ?/U of a canal depends on the kind of boats going through it. The canal must be wide enough to permit two of the U?(55) ?/U boats using it to U?(56) ?/U each oth

32、er easily. It must be deep enough to leave about two feet of water U?(57) ?/U the keel of the largest boat using the canal. Some canals have sloping sides, U?(58) ?/U others have sides that are nearly vertical. Canals that are cut through rock can have nearly vertical sides. However, canals with ear

33、th banks may crumble if the angle of their sides is too steep.? ?Some canals are lined with brick, stone, or concrete to keep the water U?(59) ?/U soaking into the mud. This also permits ships to go U?(60) ?/U greater speeds, since they cannot make the banks fall in by stirring up the water. In smal

34、l canals with mud banks, ships and barges must U?(61) ?/U their speed.? ?When the canal goes U?(62) ?/U different levels of water, the ships must be raised or lowered from one level to the other, This is generally done by means of locks. If a ship wants to go up to higher water, the lower end of the

35、 lock opens to let the boat in. Then this gate closes, and the water is let into the lock chamber from the upper level. This raised the level of the water in the lock U?(63) ?/U it is the same as the upper level of water.? ?Now the upper gates can be opened to U?(64) ?/U the ship into the higher wat

36、er. Of course there must always be enough water on the upper level to allow for the flooding of the lock. Sometimes a canal contains a U?(65) ?/U of locks when the difference in levels is very great.A. largestB. longestC. heaviestD. widest9、53.(单项选择题)A. turnsB. meansC. saysD. costs10、 第三篇A Debate on

37、 the English Language A measure declaring English the national language is under intense debate in the United States.The US Senate passed two declarations last week.One calls English the nations official language and the other says it is the “common and unifying(统一的)”tongue.But Americans found thems

38、elves divided on the issue. Since people worldwide know that most Americans speak only English,many cant understand why the issue is so controversial(有争议的). “The discussion is related to fears of immigration issues,”says Dick Tucker,a social scientist at Pittsburghs Carnegie Mellon University.“Its r

39、elated to a worry about the changing demography(人口统计)of the US.Its a worry about who will continue to have political and economic influence.” In fact,the notion of protecting the language has been kicked around almost since the nations founding.John Adams lobbied(游说)in 1780 for the creation of a nat

40、ional academy to correct and improve the English language.But his proposal died,since lawmakers saw it as a royalist(保皇主义者)attempt to define personal behavior. Since then,the country hasnt had a national language,but the idea of recognizing the special status of English lived on. The emotions surrou

41、nding language resurface(再次浮现)not because people feel comfortable with English.It is more about the discomfort many Americans feel with the new languages,says Walt Wolfram,a professor at North Carolina State University. “Language is never about language,”he says. According to the 2000 US Census Bure

42、au report,of 209 million Americans over 18 years old,172 million speak only English at home.About 37 million speak languages other than English.Among them,6.5 million speak poor English and 3.1 million dont speak English at all.The phrase“kicked around”(paragraph 4)could be best replaced byA. “invented”.B. “formed”.C. “shaped”.D. “discussed”.