初一上英语语法知识及习题学生版.docx

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1、精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -精编学习资料欢迎下载七年级上册英语语法学问及习题定冠词的用法1) 用于指谈话双方都知道的人或事物Open the door, please. 请把门打开。2) 用以复述上文提过的人或事物（第一次提到用“a或 an”，以后再次提到用“ the）” I have a pencil , the pencil is green .我有一支铅笔，这支铅笔是绿色的。3) 用在序数词前January is the first month of the year.一月份是一年当中的第一个月。4) 表示世界上宇宙中独一无二

2、的事物the sun 太阳the moon 月亮the earth 的球the sky 天空the world世界5) 表示演奏乐器时，乐器的前面要加theplay the piano弹钢琴play the violin拉小提琴零冠词的用法1) 专出名词前一般不加冠词Tom汤姆China 中国Europe 欧洲2) 月份、周日、节日前一般不加冠词January 一月份Sunday 星期日Christmas Day圣诞节Thanksgiving感恩节National Day国庆节May Day劳动节比较：.on a Sunday morning.在一个星期天的早晨. （表示某一个。 ）3）三餐、

3、四季前一般不加冠词I have lunch at school.我在学校吃午餐。4）球类运动不加冠词play basketball打篮球play volleyball打排球play football踢足球时态概说在英语中，不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，要用不同的动词形式来表示，这种动词的不同形式称为时态。I am 14 this year. 今年我 14 岁。I was 13 last year.去年我 13 岁。He plays soccer every day.他每天都踢足球。He played soccer yesterday.昨天他踢足球了。英语中共有16 种时态，常用的有9 种。一

4、般现在时一般现在时表示现在的状态，如：He is 12.She is at home.表示常常的或习惯性的动作，如： I go to school at 7:30 every day.表示主语具备的性格和才能等，如：She likes apples. They know English.动词的种类动词分为四种：连系动词, 实义动词 , 助动词 , 情态动词1）连系动词：词义不完全，要和后面的表语一块构成谓语。如 be am, is are 是， sound 听起来， look 看起来She is my sister.That sounds interesting . 听起来很好玩。2）实义动词

5、，有实际意义的动词，能单独做谓语。如see, ask, like I like bananas.3）助动词：本身没有词义，帮忙实义动词一起构成否定句，疑问句。如do，does可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -精编学习资料欢迎下载I dont like chicken . Does he like apples .4）情态动词。本身具有肯定意

6、义，但不能单独作谓语，必需和实义动词一起构成谓语。can,能，会， must ,必需， 情态动词后肯定要用动词原形。I can speak English .I must find it .我肯定要找到它动词 be 的用法be 的用法口诀我用 am，你用 are， is 连着他，她，它。 单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。 变否定，更简单，be 后 not 莫遗忘。疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。Be 动词专项练习用 am, is, are 填空：1. I a student. you a student. No, I not.2. The girl Jack

7、s sister.3. The dog tall and fat.4. The man a teacher.5. your brother in the classroom.6. Where your mother. She at home.7. How your father.8. Jane and Tom my friends9. Where my pen .10. Where my books .11. That my red skirt.12. Who I.13. The jeans on the desk.14. Here a photo of my family .15. Here

8、 some sweaters for you.16. The black book for Su Yang.17. This pair of socks 20 dollars.18. The two cups of milk for me.19. Some tea in the glass.20. How much the skirt.21How much the trousers .22. My sisters name Nancy.23. David and Helen from England.24. There a girl in the room.25. You, he and I

9、from China.句型转换的方法 一.确定句变否定句1.句子中有be，在 be 后加 not。可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -精编学习资料欢迎下载I am a student. I am not a student.2) They are blue .They aren t blue.3) He is Tom. He isnt Tom

10、2.谓语是动词原形，在动词前加don t 。 I have a book . I dont have a book.2) They like Chinese . They dont like Chinese.3) We come from China. We don t come from China. 3 谓语动词是第三人称单数，在动词前加doesnt，动词用原形。 1She has a basketball. She doesnt have a basketball2) Maria likes China. Maria doesn t like China.3) Jane comes fr

11、om the U.S.A. Jane doesnt come from the U.S.A.练习：将以下句子变成否定句。1. I am a teacher.I a teacher.2. We are students.We students.3. Jane is a girl.Jane a girl.4. They like English. They like Chinese5. I come from China. I come from China.6. He likes Chinese. He like Chinese.7. Maria comes from Cuba. Maria c

12、ome from Cuba.8. We know Maria. We know Maria二.确定句变一般疑问句句子中有be，把 be 提到句首1) I am a student. Are you a student.2) They are blue. Are they blue.3) He is Tom. Is he Tom.2.谓语是动词原形，在句首加do。 1.I have a book . Do you have a book.2) They like Chinese . Do they like Chinese.3) We come from China. Do you come f

13、rom China.3.谓语动词是第三人称单数，在句首加Does，动词用原形。1) She has a basketball . Does she have a basketball.2) Maria likes China. Does Maria like China.3) Jane comes from the U.S.A. Does Jane come from the U.S.A.4) She knows Maria. Does she know Maria.练习 :将以下句子变成一般疑问句。1. I am a teacher. a teacher.2. They are studen

14、ts. students.3. Jane is a girl. a girl.4. They like English. they like English.5. I come from China. you come from China.6. He likes Chinese. he Chinese.7. Maria comes from America. Maria from America.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎

15、下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -精编学习资料欢迎下载8. We speak Chinese. you Chinese.三.一般疑问句做确定,否定回答 1.Are you Maria .确定回答： Yes , Iam.否定回答： No, Im not.2.问句和答语的动词保持一样.1) Are you a student.肯: Yes, I am.否：No, Inomt.2) Is he Jack .肯： .否： .3) Do they like Chinese.肯： .否： .4) Does she have a basketbal

16、l .肯： .否： .3.问句和答语中的主语保持一样。（必需用主格）1) Is Jane from the U.S.A.肯:Yes, sheis.否 :No， she isnt.2) Does Li Hua come from China.肯： .否： .3) Do Jane and Maria like China.肯： .否： .4) Is this a ruler.肯： .否： .5) Is that a desk.肯： .否： .6) Are these books.肯： .否： .7) Are those pencils.肯： .否： .8) Are these erasers.肯：

17、 .否： .9) Is that an orange.肯： .否： .练习：给以下句子做确定回答或否定回答。1. Are you a student.Yes, . No, .2. Dothey like English.Yes, . No, .3. Is Jane a girl.Yes, . No, . .4. Does Maria like China.Yes, . No, .5. Is Jenny a student.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编

18、辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -精编学习资料欢迎下载可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Yes , 6. Is that a girl.No , .可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结Yes , No , .7. Are those telephones.Yes , No , .8. Does Tom know Jane.Yes , No , .9. Do they come from the U.S.A.Yes , No , .10. Is this an egg.Yes , No

19、, 四.对划线部分提问.口诀：一选二变三问号:一选是分析句意，先选疑问词，代替划线部分 （划线部分去掉） ，二变是把剩余部分变成一般疑问句（疑问词作主语时除外），第三步加上问号。练习：对划线部分提问1. The shoes are black 2. She is my teacher. 3 My keys are on the sofa. 4. Lily is in the classroom. 5. I am fine. 6. That boy is Tom. 10. Her telephone number is 88828539. 11. The skirt is 12 dollars

20、12. She is 12 years old. 13. His name is Jim Green . 14. My birthday is on December,24 1.My name is Nancy. your name.2.I am from China. you from.3.I am fine . are you.4. Miss.Wangis our English teacher. is your English teacher.5. Lucy is ten years old. areyou.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结6. It is yellow

21、. 7.My telephone number is 5805000.is it ？可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结 your telephone number.8. They are cars . are they.9. This is my cap. cap is this.10. My favorite movie star is Bruce Lee. is your favorite movie star .五.同义句转换 .可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 11 页 - - - -

22、 - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -精编学习资料欢迎下载1. Please give Jane the book.Please thebook Jane.2. Thisismy book.This book is 3. He has short hair. is short.4. My ruler is not long.My ruler is 5. This jacket is not new.This jacket is 6.My English teacher is old .M

23、y English teacher is not .六.单复数转换 .1.将以下句子变成复数.It is a box . .This is a ruler. . That is an eraser. .He is a student. .2.将以下句子变成单数。1.Theyarepencils. . 2.These are erasers. .3. They are boys. .4. They are girls . . 5.Thosearebooks. . 6.These are desks. . 7.These are boxes. . 8.Those are cars. .六. 仿照样

24、句改写以下句子。She is in the classroom .否定句：She is not in the classroom. 一般疑问句：Is she in the classroom.回答： Yes, she is. No, she isnt1. I am a student .否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 2. This is my book.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 3. They are on the desk.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 4. The pen is red.否定句： 一般疑问句： 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总

25、结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -精编学习资料欢迎下载肯、否定回答： 八改写句子1. Those are my books.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 变单数： 划线部分提问： 2. She is my good friend.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否定回答： 变复数： 划线部分提问： 3. The pen is in the desk.否定句： 一般疑问句： 肯、否

26、定回答： 变复数： 划线部分提问： 动词 have , has 的用法用法一 . have 强调所属关系，主语常为人或物。意为“有”当主语是第三人称单数，并且只有当句子为确定句时，动词“有”用has，当主语不是第三人称单数时，以及否定句和疑问句中用一律用have一用 have 或 has 填空：1. She some balls.2. They a nice garden.3. Miss Li doesnt an English book.4. What does Mike .5. My father a story-book 。6. My parents don t any nice pic

27、tures.7. David s friends a_b_asketball.8. David some jackets.二仿照样句句型转换：1.We have a baseball.变一般疑问句Do you have a baseball .确定回答Yes ,I do .否定回答No , I don t .否定句We dont have a baseball .对划线部分提问What do you have . 2.David has a ruler .变一般疑问句Does David have a ruler .留意 has 变成have确定回答Yes , he does .可编辑资料 -

28、 - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -精编学习资料欢迎下载否定回答No , he doesn t否定句David doesn t have a ruler . 留意 has 变成have对划线部分提问What does David have. 留意 has 变成have练习：1. Eric has some nice photos.变一般疑问句 确定回答 否

29、定回答 否定句 对划线部分提问 2. Her friends have many books.变一般疑问句 确定回答 否定回答 否定句 对划线部分提问 3. Our school has a library.变一般疑问句 确定回答 否定回答 否定句 对划线部分提问 4. Lucy has an orange skirt.变一般疑问句 确定回答 否定回答 否定句 对划线部分提问 用法二 . Have 和 has 除了意思为“有”外，仍可以表示“吃或喝”1.吃早饭2.吃午饭 3.吃晚饭 用法三 Have 也可以和表示某种活动的名词连用，意为“举办” 7.上课8.举办生日聚会 句型转换1. I ha

30、ve some fish for lunch every day.变一般疑问句 确定回答 否定回答 否定句 对划线部分提问 2. Lily has apples for dinner.变一般疑问句 确定回答 否定回答 否定句 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -精编学习资料欢迎下载对划线部分提问 三 动词 like 的用法仿照样句句型转换：1

31、.They like ice cream.变一般疑问句Do they like ice cream.确定回答Yes , they I do .否定回答No , they don t .否定句they don t like ice cream .对划线部分提问What do they like . 2.She likes vegetables.变一般疑问句Does she like vegetables. 留意 likes 变成 like确定回答Yes , she does .否定回答No , she doesnt .否定句She doesnt like vegetables 留意 likes

32、变成 like对划线部分提问What does she like .练习：1. I like strawberries .变一般疑问句 确定回答 否定回答 否定句 对划线部分提问 2 .you like salad.变一般疑问句 确定回答 否定回答 否定句 对划线部分提问 3. Lily likes apples .变一般疑问句 确定回答 否定回答 否定句 对划线部分提问 4. His father likes pears.变一般疑问句 确定回答 否定回答 否定句 对划线部分提问 句型转换专项训练1. Her phone number is 2345167. 提问 phone number.可

33、编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -精编学习资料欢迎下载2. I am Jim Green.同义句 Jim Green.3. This is an ID card. 提问 in English.4. This is Jim s同ca义rd句. is Jim s.5. Her family name is Green. 同义句 Her is Gr

34、een.6. They are Lucy and Lily. 同义句 Lucy and Lily.7. My last name is Green and first name is Jim. 同义句 .8. He s in Class One提. 问 he in.9. This is a nice flower. 同义句 nice .10. That s my pencailsce.变否定句 my pencil case.11. Is this your dictionary. 变复数句 your .12. Are you a teacher. 做确定回答 , .13. Five and t

35、wo is seven. 提问 five and two .14. The pencil is blue. 提问 the pencil .15. Lily is my friend and Lucy is my friend , too. 同义句 Lucy and Lily .16. This is a girl. 变复数句 girls.17. These are my friends. 变否定句 my friends.18. Mrs Green is Kate srm. 同oth义e句 Kate is .19. Those are Tom s phot变os单. 数句 Tom s .phot

36、o20. Thank you for your photos. 同义句 your photos.21. Those are Kate s p同en义s.句 Kate s .22. She s my aunt s daug变h复ter数. 句 my aunt s .23. That woman s Jim .s提au问nt that woman .24. a , is , family , this , of , photo , David连词成句 s_ 25. My books are in the bag. 变一般疑问句 books in the bag .26. His baseball

37、is under the chair. 变复数句 under the chair .27. Your keys are next to the door. 变单数句 Your next to the door.28. The sweater is on the bed. 变一般疑问句 on the bed .29. I need a hat. 变否定句 I a hat.30. There are some apples on the tree. 变一般疑问句 apples on the tree .31. I know your pen is black. 变否定句 I your pen bl

38、ack .32. Are those bananas green.做确定回答 , .33. Some apples are on the bed. 提问 on the bed .34. We can see a bird in the tree. 变一般疑问句 a bird in the tree .35. We have seven classes every day. 变否定句 Weseven classes every day .36. He has two basketballs. 变一般疑问句 two basketballs .37. She has a brother. 变复数句

39、a brother .38.Is therea map of China in your class. 同 义 句 yourclassa mapofChina .39.He has a computer game. 变否定句 He a computer game .40.Marydoes homeworkat home.变一般疑问句Maryhomeworkathome.41.Sue has a sports collection. 变一般疑问句 Sue a sports collection .可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - -

40、- -第 10 页，共 11 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品名师归纳总结资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -精编学习资料欢迎下载42. I have seven balls. 变否定句 I seven ball.43. Jim likes sports. 提问 Jim .44. Lucy plays the guitar every day. 提问 Lucy play the guitar .45. This game is relaxing. 同义句 is game .46. Terry has eight balls. 提问 balls Terry have .47. She has two eggs for breakfast. 提问 she for breakfast .48. This is a strawberry . 变复数句 .49. Mother has French fries and