（整理版高中英语）高考英语热门考点强化专练阅读理解（二十九）（含解析）.doc

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1、高考英语热门考点强化专练：阅读理解二十九含解析1AMost people agree that the direct, assertive(过分自信的) American personality is a virtue, but it sometimes surprises foreigners. In many cultures, respect for older people or those in positions of authority keeps others from expressing their true feelings. But in the U.S, childr

2、en often argue with their parents, students may disagree with their teachers, and citizens may express opposition to the actions of the government. If the soup has a fly in it or the meat is too tough to chew, the diner can complain to the waiter, if the boss makes a mistake, an employee will polite

3、ly point it out.Some straight talk about the American character must include the admission that Americans have their faults. The extremely competitive nature of Americans is probably their worst fault. Of course, competition isnt always bad. As a matter of fact, it promotes excellence by encouraging

4、 individuals and businesses to try to do their best. But the desire to get ahead of others sometimes causes people to do things that are unkind and even dishonest. Also, Americans admire what is practical, fast, efficient, and fresh. Sometimes they fail to understand and appreciate practices that ha

5、ve greater respect for more traditional, leisurely ways of doing things. On the other hand, people from other cultures may dislike the practical, challenging American lifestyle.Despite culture differences, most foreigners give Americans credit for their virtues. Americans are generally viewed as fri

6、endly, adaptable, energetic, and kindhearted. Most newcomers to the U.S. like Americans, and the feeling is usually mutual. Perhaps the greatest American virtue is a deep interest in new ideas and new people. In a nation of immigrants, the foreigner does not remain an outsider for long.1.In order to

7、 show the respect for older people,. .A.people from some other cultures will always express their true feelingB.people from some other cultures may sometimes hide their true feelingC.Americans always show their true feelingsD.Americans usually argue with them2.Why is the extremely competitive nature

8、 considered as one of American faults?A.Because people from other cultures fear competition.B.Because only American people own it.C.Because it will make people forget leisure.D.Because it may sometimes urge people to do something bad.3.It can be inferred from the passage that . .A.American people ar

9、e more critical of everything than people from other culturesB.the author believes that American character has more faults than virtuesC.the author admires American virtues as they are viewed as competitive and anti traditionalD.it is difficult for newcomers to get on with Americans4.The passage mai

10、nly talks about . . lifestylesBThe United States is trying to improve an edueation system that produces millions of citizens who cannot read, write, or addlet alone finding their country on a map.In his first State of Union message since taking office a year ago, President George Bush promised to wi

11、pe out illiteracy(文盲) in the next decade and declared that“by the year , U.S students must be first in the world in math and science achievements. They have a long way to go. American students were placed 14th in a recent general science test conducted in 16 countries. In a separate survey of chemis

12、try students, the United States came 12 out of 14. In a mathematics test, they were last. According to Bush, there are 17 million illiterates in this country of 245 million people. Other estimates put the number as high as 23 million. In percentage terms, that ranks the United States alongside Niear

13、ague and below Cuba. “This nation,Bush said in his State of the Union address, “will not accept anything but excellent in education. Bush, who has declared himself “Education president, and senior officals of his administration are warning that the United States will be unable to compete in the worl

14、d without an educated workforce.How to increase educational standards is a matter of debate in a country whose schools have no uniform national curriculum and are subject to a confusing variety of state and local controls. Most experts think that the problem lies at the elementary and high schoollev

15、els rather than with universities-but even their graduates show huge gaps in general knowledge. Among the root causes most frequently mentioned in education debates is the low respect in which U.S. society holds teachers-in contrast to Japan and Germany. In Japan teaching is a profession of high pre

16、stige(威望) and high pay. In the United States teachers are near the bottom of the society.5.By“the United States came 12 out of 14”(Para. 2), the author means . A.the United States ranked 12th not 14th in the chemistry testB.the United States ranked 12th in the chemistry test conducted by 14 countrie

17、sC.the United States progressed from 14th to 12th in the chemistry testD.the United States ranked 12th in chemistry test and 14th in general science test6.The cause of low educational level in America include the following EXCEPT that . A.some problems exist in primary and secondary educationB.socie

18、ty keeps teachers in low respectC.America pays more attention to economy instead of educationD.America has no uniform national courses7.Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?A.President Bush carried out his promise made in his first State of Union message.B.The education

19、 in Japan and Germany is in higher level.C.According to Bush, the number of illiterates accounts for 9% of the total.D.Teachers in the United States enjoy good treatment and great respect.8.Which of the following is the right order of the least-first of the percent of illiterates?A.Germany, Cuba, Ni

20、caragua. B.Germany, Nicaragua, Cuba.C.Nicaragua, Japan, Cuba. D.Cuba, Japan, Nicaragua.CNever in the history of Sierra Leones elections have women so actively engaged in politics or competed for parliamentary seats. In the past, women did the dancing and cooking for elections campaigning. In the May

21、 14th elections, we saw over 168 women candidates competitive for President, Vice President and Parliamentary seats.One would think that about 5% of these women would have emerged as winners. But it was not so, because of our cultural perception of women. We need to change our culture. Women could b

22、e active politicians. The Christians in their own way encouraged women to be preachers(传教士) but the Muslim leaders say women should not head for officiating(主持) prayers.The same happens in certain parts of the country where women are not part of decision taken in male secret societies. This prevents

23、 them from achieving some of their goals. A senior head in one of the ministries told me that she was getting problems with some of her staff members especially the male staff. Most women that come from the Northern part of country experience such problems. Some men are saying that a woman cannot be

24、 their leader.Some women are also prejudiced against their women folks. In the last elections, most woman did not support their colleagues. In some parts of the country, because they are not members of secret societies they were not allowed to contest for chieftaincies (酋长或首领的位置). However, Sierra Le

25、ones not withstanding the cultural prejudice against women has witnessed women occupying high public offices. They have been appointed to head certain areas.Sierra Leone is moving from its past culture. We need a change in our culture. Women all over the world are recognized one way or the other as

26、they are now involved in the use of technology. We now see women as air pilots, and they even attempt to go to travel in space.9.In the past, women in Sierra Leone . .A.took active part in politics B.contested for parliamentary seatsC.danced and cooked for the election campaigning D.shared the equal

27、 rights with men10.About 5% of the women engaged in election would have succeeded if . .A.there were less prejudice against women B.less Muslim leaders had objectedC.more women had been engaged in the election D.more preachers had supported them11.The author concludes that the women candidates cant

28、win the competitive vote because . A.women is more suitable for the dancing and cooking jobB.women candidates cant get the support of their folksC.women prejudice still exists in todays societyD.women are not capable enough to be a chieftain12.The main idea of the passage is .A.the prejudice against

29、 women in various fieldsB.women in Sierra Leone, striving for their political rightsC.women in Sierra Leone, challenge for mens statusD.women in Sierra Leone, being involved in politics答案解析： 1.B 文章首段第二句提到“In many cultures respect for older people or those in postions of authority keeps others from e

30、xpressing their true feelings.由此可知：出于对长者尊敬，许多国家的人们往往不会表达自己的真实感受，应选项B正确.2.D 文章第二段第五句话指出“But the desire to get ahead of others sometimes causes people. unkind and even dishonest,也就是说，极端的竞争性有时会使人误入歧途，由此可知D正确答案。3.A 文章首段中几个例子论证了美国人直率的性格，从中我们不难推断出，美国人比其他外国人更善于批判，故A为正确答案。本文论述了美国人性格的三个方面，其中坦率和对新事物的兴趣是作者赞赏的，

31、都被视为virtue,故排除B，第三段第二句话指出“Americans are generally viewed as friendly, adaptable, energetic, and kinkhearted,由此可排除C；根据最后一段内容可推断出，美国人并不难相处，所以选项D也不对。4.B 本文主要阐述了美国人的性格，作者在第二段第二句中提到“The extremely competitive nature. their worst fault,以及第二段倒数第二句也提到“Sometimes they fail to understand and appreciate practice

32、s.,由此可知文章并非全在说美国人的优点，故可排除A；文章虽在第二段两处提到美国人的缺点，但不是主要内容，故C也可排除；选项D显然不对.5.B 此处“12 out of 14”是指“在多少里面排名第几，占第几位，所以在此处意思应为:在14个国家的学生进行的化学测试中，美国学生的成绩排第12位，由此可知B为正确答案。6.C 文章第三段提到“whose schools have no uniform national curriculum，“the problem lies at the elementary and high school levels.以及“Among the root cau

33、ses most frequently mentioned. the low respect in which U.S. society holds teachers。由此可知A、B和D三项均是教育水平低的原因，选项C未在文中提及，故为正确答案。9.C 根据文章首段第二句“In the past，women did the dancing and cooking for elections campaigning可知，选项C与文意相符，故为正确答案。110.A 根据文章第二段前两句可知:由于我们对女性的文化偏见，女性中大多数的人会脱颖而出是不可能的。第三段首句指出，女性无法成为男性社会中作决定

34、的局部。以及第四段首句提到的女性对同性也存有偏见。由上述内容可推断出，如果对女性少一些偏见，那么就会有许多女性在选举中获得成功，故A为正确答案。穆斯林领导者也存在对女性的反对意见，但与此题题意不符，故可排除;C和D均未在文中提到。11.C 作者在第二段中指出作者不看好女性竞选者，在第三、四段中说明性别歧视的各个方面，而最后一段中作者指出we need a change in culture。综上，不难推出此题的答案为C。A是人们过去对女性的看法，B只是文中提到一个方面，以偏慨全，D显然与文意相悖。12.D 通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是有关女性从政的，由此可知D为最正确选项。文中主要讲了女性在政

35、治方面受到的歧视，并没有涉及各个领域，故排除A、B和C。2AEvery day 25 million U.S. children ride school buses. The safety record for these buses is much better than for passenger cars; but nevertheless, about 10 children are killed each year riding on large school buses, and nearly four times that number are killed outside bu

36、ses in the loading zones. By and large, however, the nations school children are transported to and from school safety.Even though the number of school bus accidents is not large, the safety of children is always of intense public concern. While everyone wants to see children transported safely, peo

37、ple are divided about what needs to be done-particularly whether seat belts should be compulsory.People in favour of seat belts on school buses-many of them parents and medical organizations-argue that seat belts are necessary not only to reduce fatality and injury, but also to teach children lesson

38、s about the importance of using them routinely in any moving vehicle. A side benefit, they point out, is that seat belts help keep children in their seats, away from the bus driver.People who object to seat belt installation suggest that children are already well protected by the school buses that f

39、ollow the Nation Highway Traffic Safety Administrations (NHTSA) safety requirements set in 1977. They also believe that many children wont wear seat belts anyway, and that may damage the belts or use them as weapons to hurt other children.A new Research council report on school bus safety suggest th

40、at there are alternate safety devices and procedures that may be more effective and less expensive. For example, the study committee suggested that raising seat backs four inches may have the same safety effectiveness as seat belts. The report sponsored by the Department of transportation at the req

41、uest of Congress, reviews seat belts extensively while taking a broader look at safety in and around school buses.1.According to the passage, the “school bus is . A.the bus offered by the school and different from the public busB.the bus that has no difference from the public busC.the bus that is dr

42、iven by the studentsD.the bus that is not safe2.According to the passage, who has the greatest degree of control of the school buses “safety?A.A new Research Council. B.The Department of Transportation.C.The Medical Organization. D.National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.3.It may be inferred

43、from this passage that . .A.many of the opponents(反对者) of seat belt installation are parents and officials of the Department of TransportationB.proposals of seat belts on school buses would be seriously consideredC.an alternate safety device (raising seat backs four inches) may be taken into conside

44、rationD.The Department of Transportation may either take the idea of seat belts or other measures when it reviews the whole situation4.The title below which best expresses the idea of the passage is“.A.Making School Buses Even Safer for Children B.Seat Belts Needed on School BusesC.Alternate Safety

45、Devices and Procedures D.Safety in and around School BusesBWhile drunken driving may be on the decline, traffic safety experts remain puzzled over how to deal with another alcoholrelated danger: drunken pedestrains.Pedestrians struck and killed by cars often are extremely drunk. In fact, they are in

46、toxicated more frequently-and with higher bloodalcohol levels-than drunken drivers who are killed in accidents, various studies have shown. Forty percent of adult pedestrians involved in fatal crashes have a bloodalcohol level of at least 0.10-which by law in most states signifies intoxication-compa

47、red to only 25 percent of drivers in deadly accidents, according to recent federal data.Some types of pedestrain accidents have been declining nationally, especially those involving children, but the number of adult pedestrians who are drunk when killed in traffic has remained relatively steady at 2

48、500 a year. The total number of pedestrians killed annually in U.S. traffic accidents is at least 7000, or one of every seven highway accidents resulting in death.“Were dealing here, we think, with a very severe drinking problem that leads to a severe highway safety problem, said Richard Blomberg, president of Dunlap and Associates Inc, in Norwalk, Coon.Blomberg, whose consulting company found a very high rate of alcohol involvement in a controlled study of pede