初一英语新课标七年级上册知识点总结.doc

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1、初一英语新课标七年级上册知识点总结Starters unit 1 重点语法与考点1. Morning 指从早晨到中午12点以前的这段时间。Evening 指晚上，通常为黄昏到入睡之间，即晚上6点到12点。Night 指夜里，通常为夜晚或夜里就寝前的一小段时间，即9点以后。 Good morning! 早上好！Good afternoon! 下午好！Good night! 晚上好2. How are you? 你好吗？用于熟人之间的问候语，只是一种礼貌的问候方式，用来询问对方的身体状况。回答用”Im fine , thanks.”How do you do ？ 你好吗？用于第一次见面的两个人，互

2、相问候时应用How do you do ?回答也用How do you do ?-How do you do ?-How do you do ?3. Thank you! 谢谢你！当别人帮助，关心，问候，祝福我们时，应用Thank you ；当得到对方的称赞，夸奖时也用Thank you.l 考题展示：Unit 2 重点语法与考点1. This 是指示代词，可单独使用，指离说话人较近的人或物。That 指离说话人较远的人或物。2. a/an 为不定冠词常见用法：表示数量“一”a pen 一支钢笔an apple 一个苹果注：an 用于元音前,元音包括5个：（A E I O U ）泛指某人或某物

3、，不是具体说明A girl is over there. 一个女孩在那边。在叙述时第一次提到某人或某物She is a teacher. 她是一个老师。3. Spell it , please. 请拼写它。请求对方拼写某一词语的句型还有： How do you spell it? 你怎么拼写它? 回答可以直接写出：P-E-N. Can you spell it, please?由can引导的一般疑问句，应先用Yes或 No进行肯定或否定回答后，才能拼写。Can you spell it please?Yes, I can. P-E-N.请问你能拼写它吗?是的，我能。P-E-N.l 考题展示：U

4、nit 3 l 重点语法与考点1. What color is it ? 它是什么颜色的？特殊疑问句，用来询问颜色。基本结构：What color + be 动词+主语？当被询问的物品，即句子的主语是单数时，be 动词用is ,回答一般用Its +颜色.当被询问的物品，即句子的主语是复数时，be 动词用are, 回答一般用Theyre +颜色.2. 定冠词the 特指上文中提到过的人或物 This is an apple, the apple is red.这是一个苹果，这个苹果是红色的。（文章中第一次提到“这个苹果”时用“an”，第二次提到用“the”，特指刚刚提到的苹果。） 用来指谈话双方

5、都知道的人或物。 What color is the pen ? 这支钢笔是什么颜色的？（指说话双方都清楚是哪一支钢笔） 用来指世上独一无二的事物the sun 太阳 the moon 月亮Unit 11. Goals: 掌握由what 引导的特殊疑问句的用法及自我介绍。2. Grammar: be动词（am, is ,are）的用法；特殊疑问句的用法；形容词性物主代词的用法Section A1. name 名字 英语中，姓和名的排列与中国相反，即“先名后姓”，先（first name /given name）后（last name/family name） Mr、Mrs、Miss、Ms等称呼

6、语只能加在姓氏的前面，不能加在名字前。 Ann White- Miss White 西方国家的女子结婚前随父姓，结婚后随夫姓。Ann White-Ann Smith(丈夫姓 Smith)2. My names = My name is 我的名字是。介绍自己名字时较正式的用语Im =I am 我叫。 比较随意一些。3. 当对方询问Whats your name ? 其答语为“Im +姓名”或“My name is +姓名”，也可以直接说出名字。4. Whats his/her name? 他/她叫什么名字？用于询问第三方姓名，his表示询问的是男性，her是女性。5. 一些初见时所使用的答语 -

7、How do you do ? -How do you do ? Nice/Glad to see you. 回答用Nice/Glad to see you too. How are you? 是熟人之间的问候语回答用-Im fine.Section B1. Whats your telephone number? 你的电话号码是多少？询问对方电话号码的特殊疑问句，答语可以是-My telephone number is XXXXXX./ Its XXXXXX.Grammar1. be 动词(am, is, are) 的用法be动词包括is, am ,are，相当于汉语中的“是”。我（I）用a

8、m, 你（you）用are, is 用于他（he）,她（she）,它（it）.单数名词用is, 复数名词用are.变否定句时，be后要加not.变疑问句时，be要往前提.E.g:I am a girl. 我是一个女孩。You are a boy. 你是一个男孩。He is a boy. 他是一个男孩。She is Mary. 她是Mary.I am not a girl. 我不是一个女孩。Are you a boy? 你是一个男孩吗？2. 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句是由“特殊疑问句+一般疑问句”构成，常用的特殊疑问句有what（什么）, when（什么时候）, where（哪里）, which（哪一

9、个）, who（谁）.Whats your name?Where is the table?3. 形容词性物主代词my(我的), your(你的，你们的), his(他的), her(她的), their(他们的)这些统称为形容词性物主代词。1. 放在被修饰的名词前。my pen 我的钢笔 （My为物主代词，pen为被修饰词）2. 不能与冠词（a, an, the）等连用修饰名词This is my pen. 不能说This is my a pen.3. 如果名词前还有其他形容词修饰，形容词性物主代词要放在所有形容词的最前面。my red pen Unit 2Section A1. Excus

10、e me. 请原谅，打扰一下。作为与陌生人开始谈话或打扰别人时所听到的礼貌用语。Section B1. call sb. 给某人打电话call + 某人电话 拨打.号码call sb. at +电话号码 拨打电话号码找某人2. a set of 一套，一串后接复数名词A set of keys 一串钥匙Grammar一般疑问句1. 当询问情况是否属实或需要对方做出肯定或否定回答时2. 由be动词引导This is a pen.Is this a pen?3. 陈述句变为一般疑问句1把be 动词提到句首This is a pen.Is this a pen?2如果原主语是第一人称，应把第一人称变

11、为第二人称。This is my pen.Is this your pen?3句末加问号。4. 回答有肯定回答和否定回答两种。肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be( am , is , are) 否定回答：No, 主语+be(am, is ,are)+ not-Is he your father?-Yes, he is./No, he isnnt.如何写寻物启事和失物招领必须包含以下要素：1. 丢失或世道的物品的名称，可直接用省略句 ，比如“A pen.”或“I lost my pen”以及“Is this your pen?”等表示，还要把物品的特征表达清楚。2. 丢失物品或拾到物品者的姓名3.

12、联系电话：Call Mary at XXXXXXX.Unit 1 My name is Gina.l 重点单词与词组：1、Numberszero one two three four five six seven eight nine ten2、Telephone numbersEnglish name: first name +(middle name)+ family name eg. Jim Alan BrownFirst name (given name) & Family name (last name/ surname)l 重点句型和背诵句子1Whats your name?-My

13、 name is / I am 2. Whats his/her name?-His/Her name is3. Whats your family name/first name?-My family name/first name is4. Whats his/her family name/first name?-His/her family name/ first name is问候他人（Greet people）-Nice to meet you.-Nice to meet you.询问和给出电话号码（Ask for give telephone number）Whats your/

14、his/her telephone number?-My/His/Her telephone number is 220-1345.OR: -Its+号码.l 重点语法与考点1、be ( is am are) 动词 用法:口诀：I 用am , you 用are , is 用于她 他 它（she he it）单数形式用 is , 复数形式要用are.Eg. I am a student.You are my teacher.She is a girl. He is a boy. It is a penWhat is your name?My phone number is 220-1234.2、

15、本单元出现的形容词性物主代词（Pronouns for ownership）my/your/his/her 均为形容词性物主代词，其后面必须跟上用于表示“人”或“物”的名词。eg：my/your/his/her backpack/book/baseball/rulers/clocksmy/your/his/her father/mother/cousin/parents/friendsUnit 2 Is this your pencil?.l 重点句型和背诵句子-Is this/that your backpack？（单数）-Yes，it is .Its my backpack ./This/

16、That is（not）his baseball.（单数）-Whats this that in English?-Its a an .-How do you spell it? (Spell it, please.) (Can you spell it？）- P-E-N. l 重点语法与考点1、lost found （case） 失物招领（箱）in the lost found case 在失物招领箱里2、school ID card 学生证3、call sb. at 7320567 拨打电话7320567找某人/打电话找某人，电话号码是73205674、a set of keys 一串钥匙

17、5、in English 用英语Unit 3 This is my sisterl 重点单词与词组：father/mother（parent） fathermother（parents）grandfather（grandpa）/grandmother（grandma）=grandparentgrandfather grandmother = grandparentsuncle/aunt brother/sister/cousin son/daughtergrandson/granddaughterl 重点句型和背诵句子1、-Is this/that your father ？-Yes，it i

18、s./No，it isnt.2、-Are these/those Jims friends ？-Yes，they are ./No，they arent.3、-Is he/she your brother/sister ？-Yes，he/she is ./No，he/she isnt.4、-Are they your sisters friends？-Yes，they are./No，they arent.l 重点语法与考点1、thank you for= thanks for谢谢你的eg：Thank you for your help / your pen.谢谢你的帮助/钢笔.2、the p

19、hoto/picture of your family你的全家福/全家人的照片my family photo 我的全家福/全家人的照片3、a picture of Jim 一张吉姆的照片（照片上是吉姆）Jims picture 吉姆的一张照片（不是别人的）4this，that和it用法(1)this和that是指示代词，it是人称代词。(2)距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。如：This is a flower. 这是一朵花。(近处)That is a tree. 那是一棵树。(远处)(3)放在一起的两样东西，先说this, 后说that。如：This is a

20、 pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。(4)向别人介绍某人时说This is, 不说That is。如：This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦，海伦，这是汤姆。(5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。如：This is a bike. Thats a car. 这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。(6)打电话时，介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。如：Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂，是格林小姐吗？Yes, this is. Whos that? 是的，我是，你是谁？注意：

21、虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”，但英语中打电话时绝不可以说：I am, Are you？/Who are you?(7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。如：Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗？Yes, it is. 是的，它是。Whats that? 那是什么？Its a kite. 是只风筝。5these和those用法this, that, these和those是指示代词，these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。This

22、is my bed. That is Lilys bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。These pictures are good. 那些画很好。 Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗？在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时，通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如：Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗？Yes, they are. 是的，他们是。6名词单数变复数的方法一般在名词后+S ruler rulers以s sh ch x 等结尾+es bus buseswatch watches以辅音字母+y

23、结尾 改Y为 I + esstudystudies以O 结尾+S 或es ( 奇数+S 偶数+es)zoostomatoes单、复数的形式一样 sheep不规则 man menwoman women child childrenUnit 4 where is my backpack?l 重点单词与词组：table, bed, dresser, bookcase, drawer, sofa, chair,CD, plant, alarm clock, math book, video tape, hat.l 重点句型和背诵句子1、-Where is your pencil ？-Its on th

24、e desk / in the backpack/ under the chair .2、-Where are my books ？-Theyre in the drawer / on the dresser.指明位置1、The basketball is（not）under the table .Her skirt is（not）on the bed .2、The keys are（not）in the drawer .My shoes are（not）under the bed .确认位置1、-Is his eraser in the pencil case ？-Yes，it is ./

25、No，it isnt .2、-Are her socks in the bag ？- -Yes，they are ./ No，they arent .（ where is=wheres, where与are不缩写）Eg:(1) Wheres my backpack? Its under the table.(2)Where are your books? Theyre on the sofa.(3)Where is the computer game? Its under the bed.(4)Where are his/ her keys? Theyre in the drawer.(5)A

26、: Wheres the alarm clock?B: I dont know. Is it on the dresser?A: Yes, it is./NO, it isnt.l 重点语法与考点1、表示地点或位置的介词1 in : 大家好！我是介词in,我性格内向，非常害羞，总爱躲在某个物体的里面2 on :Hi, everyone!我是介词on, 我最喜欢和某一物体的表面 “亲密接触”。3 under : Hello!我是介词on 的弟弟under，我常与on 唱反调，喜欢待在某物的下面。拓展4 behind 表示“在后面”，常指一个物体在另一个物体的后面。5 next to 紧挨着；在旁

27、边：与邻接6 between 表示“在两者之间”，通常与and连用7 near表示“在附近”2 辨析（1）desk与 table二者都有“桌子”之意，但desk指供读书、写字、办公用的桌子，一般带抽屉；table侧重于指吃饭、喝茶或其他用途的桌子，通常没有抽屉。（2）on the bed与 in bed二者都有“在床上”之意，但on the bed指东西在床上；in bed指卧床/睡在床上。(2) take to 与 bring to 二者都有“带走”，“拿走”之意，但take指从这里把某人或某物带走、拿走；而bring指从别处把某人或某物带走、拿走。3情态动词can（1）表示能力 “会，能”

28、eg：-Can you / he / she / they play tennis ？-Yes，I / he / she / they can .No， I / he / she / they cant.（2）表示有礼貌地征询对方意见或许可 “你能吗？”eg：-Can you bring some things to school ？-Sure/Certainly/Of course.（肯定回答）Sorry，I cant.（婉言拒绝）l 考题展示：Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball?l 重点单词与词组：a baseball / a baseball bat/ .

29、a footballa tennis ball/ . a tennis racket /. a basketball.a ping-pong ball/ a ping-pong bat /. a soccer balla volleyball / play baseball/ football/ tennis/ basketball/ ping-pong/ soccer/ volleyball . lets = let us. sound good/interesting/fun/difficult/boring/relaxing /do not = dont does not = doesn

30、t / . watch TV/ every day/play sports/ports clubl 重点句型和背诵句子：1. Do you have a TV?Yes, I do. I have a TV.NO, I dont. I dont have a TV.2. Do they have a computer?Yes, they do. They have a computer.No, they dont. They dont have a computer3.Does he/she have a tennis racket?Yes, he/she does. He/She has a

31、tennis racket.No, he/she doesnt. He/She doesnt have a tennis racket4. Lets play soccer.That sounds good/interesting/fun/difficult/boring/relaxing.5. I have a great sports collection.I have 8 basketballs, 2 baseballs and 3 volleyballs.She/He has a sports collection.l 重点语法与考点1用have对物品的所属进行提问以及应答，使用do和

32、does引导的一般疑问句。 have v. (表事物的进行) have lessons上课 have a rest 休息 have a look at sth. 看看. have dinner 吃饭 have a good time 玩的开心 have a break 课间休息 have a party 举办聚会 e. g. We have three lessons in the morning. 我们早上有三节课。 At eleven oclock，we have a break and I talk with my friends. 11点我们课间休息，我和我的朋友们聊天。 In the

33、 evening，we watch TV and have dinner. I do my homework and go to bed at ten oclock. 晚上，我们看电视并且吃晚饭。我做作业然后十点上床睡觉2用祈使句型Lets提建议，谈论自己喜欢哪些球类运动，不喜欢哪些球类运动。（3学会名词复数的使用。l 考题展示：Unit 6 Do you like bananasl 重点单词与词组：1. Countable noun : hamburger tomato banana strawberry egg carrot apple chicken vegetable pear2. U

34、ncountable noun : broccoli breakfast .lunch. dinner3.Countable noun and uncountable noun: orange ice cream salad fruitFrench fries(pl)4. healthy food go on a picnic make a list of food lots of / a lot of how many/ how much重点句型和背诵句子：1. Do you like salad? Yes, I do. I like salad. No, I dont. I dont li

35、ke salad.2. Do they like French fries? Yes, they do. They like French fries. No, they dont. They dont like French fries.3. Does he/she like pears? Yes, he/she does. He/She likes pears. No,he/she doesnt. He/She doesnt like pears.4. They like salad. They dont like salad.5. She/He likes bananas.6. She/

36、He doesnt like bananas.7. I like oranges but I dont like apples.8. I like oranges. I dont like oranges.9. For breakfast, Tom likes eggs, bananas and apples.For lunch, he has hamburgers, salad and pears.And for dinner, he likes chicken, tomatoes and broccoli.10 - What do you like most? - I like ice c

37、ream and carrots.11 - What do you like for breakfast? - I like bread and milk.12 - What does he/she like for lunch? - He/She likes broccoli and tomatoes for lunch.l 重点语法与考点1 一般现在时一般现在时主要表示经常性或习惯性的动作、现在的特征或状态以及普遍真理。例如：When I come across a new word I consult the English dictionary. 每当我遇到一个新词时，我就查字典。To

38、m lives in England. 汤姆住在英国。He likes to read. 他喜欢看书。Light travels faster than sound. 光速比音速快。一般现在时的否定式和疑问式都需要用助动词do和does。do用在第一人称、第二人称、第三人称复数和其他的复数名词前，does用在第三人称单数前，无实在意义。如：Does Tom live in England? 汤姆住在英国吗?Yes, he does.是的。Do they like to go hiking? 他们喜欢远足吗?No, they dont. 不，他们不喜欢。2 单词 like(1)介词 be/loo

39、k like 像，看起来像She is/looks like her mother.(2)动词 like sth/like to do sth/ like doing sthI like apples.She doesnt like to be late.He likes playing soccer.特别注意：1.在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，其肯定句的谓语由动词原形+s（es）构成。否定句的谓语由doesnt+动词原形构成。一般疑问句句首用Does，句中的谓语用动词原形充当。当主语是第一、二人称单复数和第三人称复数时，肯定句的谓语由动词原形充当。否定句的谓语由dont+动词原形构

40、成。一般疑问句句首用Do，句中的谓语用动词原形。2.主语第三人称单数：he，she，it，my father，your sister，Tom 等等。Unit 7 How much are these pants?l 重点单词与词组：clothes: pants shorts socks shirt T -shirt skirt sweater shoesclothes , pants. shorts, socks shoes 一般情况下用,复数形式. some colors: red green black white blue yellow pink purple gray orangebi

41、gsmall (大,小) short long ( 短,长) tallshort (高,矮)。l 重点句型和背诵句子l ：问价格1. How much is this T-shirt? Its 10 dollars.2. How much are they? They are 100 dollars.3.How much is the red sweater? Its eight dollars.4.How much is this blue skirt? Its seven dollars.5How much is that white bag? Its nine dollars.6. Ho

42、w much are these black pants?Theyre ten dollars.7. How much are those blue socks?Theyre three dollars.问颜色 What color do you want ? What color is it?二、购物用语：1. Can I help you? / What can I do for you?Yes, please. / No, thanks.2 Thats too expensive!Thats fine, Ill take it.3. Thank you. 4. Youre welcome

43、. =Thats all right.5.How much are the pants? How much are the shoes?How much are the shorts? How much are the socks?l 重点语法与考点基数词 表示数目或数量的多少。from thirteen to nineteen thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen. 二十(twenty ) 三十( thirty).on sale 出售Many things are on sale in this shop.

44、这家商店有很多东西出售.That hat is on sale for seven dollars那顶帽子售价七美元at a good pricehave a look atUnit 8 When is your birthday?l 重点单词与词组：how old . basketball game . volleyball game year(s) oldspeech contestschool trip birthday party Art FestivalSchool Day Chinese Contes. Music Festival English Partyl 重点句型和背诵句子：When is your birthday ? My birthday is November 11th .When is Liu Pings birthday ? Her birthday is September 5th.When is your fathers birthday? His birthday is August 22nd.Do you have an Art Festival ? Yes , we do .When is it ? Its April 19th.l 重点语法与考点1. 掌握月份的名称及缩写2. 序数词的运用表