虚拟语气公开课.pptx

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1、Li Xiaoman虚拟语气虚拟语气 The Subjunctive Mood (I)Book 6 Unit 1 Grammar 虚拟语气在虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法条件句中的用法If I lived in If I lived in WuzhishanWuzhishan, I would be happy., I would be happy. These show your good wishes or dreams. It is evident that they are not real or they cant come true. 表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观

2、存在的事实。romantic , unrealistic, best wishes The definition of the Subjunctive moodThe definition of the Subjunctive mood（陈述语气）陈述语气）（虚拟语气）虚拟语气）Comparison1. WuZhishan is a very beautiful place.2. Open the window, please.3. If I were you, I would not say that. 4. If I am free, I will visit you. （虚拟条件句虚拟条

3、件句）(真实条件句真实条件句）（陈述语气）陈述语气）（祈（祈使语气）使语气） werewouldamwillIf I have time tomorrow, I will call you.If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky.(真实条件句真实条件句）（虚拟条件句） The Subjunctive Mood used in The Subjunctive Mood used in If ClausesIf ClausesThe Indicative MoodThe Indicative MoodThe imperative moodThe imp

4、erative moodWhen(现在,过去,未来）Structure (结构） 与_事实相反 If sb._，sb._ _.Discover1 现在现在 were/did(动词过去式）. would/could/might/should do(动词原形) 助动词助动词 bebe用用 were,were,无人称数量上的区别无人称数量上的区别 16-year-old:If I _(have) a car, my friends andI_ (go) travelling together.17-year-old: If I _(have) a lot of money, I _(attend)

5、a private(私立的私立的) university. hadhad would attend would attend hadhad could gocould goStudent A: guess “ what are you? “ (A kind of animal)Student B: express the information to student A by using the sentence pattern “ If I were you, I would/could/should/might”If I were a bird, I could fly freely in

6、 the skyIf I were a bird, I could fly freely in the sky.If I were a fish, I would swim around the ocean.If I were a fish, I would swim around the ocean.If I were a cat, I shouldnt be a friend of If I were a cat, I shouldnt be a friend of mice. I would catch a lot of mice.mice. I would catch a lot of

7、 mice.If I were a dog, I would be a friend of human being. I If I were a dog, I would be a friend of human being. I should watch the house for my should watch the house for my marstermarster. .When (现在,过去,未来)Structure (结构） 与_事实相反 If sb._,sb._.Discover2Discover2 过去过去 had done(动词过去分词） could/might/shou

8、ld/would (not) have done(动词过去分词）1. You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. A. drove; didnt get B. drove; wouldnt get C. were driving; wouldnt get D. had driven; wouldnt have got 2. If it _ another ten minutes, the game would have been called off. A. had rained B. would have rained C

9、. have rained D. rained If I _(cheat) in the World Cup, I would not have been forbidden for the football game.If I _ (play) well in the match, we _(join) in the next World Cup.had not had not cheatedcheatedhad playedhad playedwould have joinedwould have joinedWhen(现在,过去,未来)Structure (结构） 与_事实相反 If s

10、b._,sb._.Discover3 未来未来 would/could/should/might (not) do should be/ should do were/ were to do / did 1.If it _ (rain) tomorrow, we _ (not go) out.2. I dont like exams. If there _ (be) no exam tomorrow, I _ (see) a movie. should rain/were to rain/rained should rain/were to rain/rained would not go w

11、ould not go would see would see were/should bewere/should beSummerySummery 时时 间间 If If 条件句条件句主主 句句过去过去现在现在将来将来had donewould should could +have done sthmight助动词助动词 bebe用用 were were 实义动词实义动词 do do 用用 did did would should + do sthcouldmightdid / were should dowere to dowould should + do sthcouldmightGr

12、oup work: Lisas dream假如明天来了位外国朋友假如明天来了位外国朋友, 我们对他说什么呢？我们对他说什么呢？假如假如他要见他要见我我, 他会和我说话。他会和我说话。假如我英语口语很好，我就可以带他参观我们学校。假如我英语口语很好，我就可以带他参观我们学校。假如我了解他们国家文化习俗，我就很好地与他交流。假如我了解他们国家文化习俗，我就很好地与他交流。假如我假如我以以前读了很多关于其他国家文化的书，前读了很多关于其他国家文化的书，我就能够了解外国朋友了。我就能够了解外国朋友了。假如假如我以前努力地学英语，我就能交到一些外国朋我以前努力地学英语，我就能交到一些外国朋友了。友了。G

13、roup 1Group 2Group 3Group 4TranslationTranslation假如明天来了位外国朋友假如明天来了位外国朋友, 我们对我们对他说什么呢？他说什么呢？If he were to come, what should we say to him？假如假如他要见他要见我我, 他会和我说话。他会和我说话。If he should see me, he would speak with me.假如我英语口语很好，我就可以带假如我英语口语很好，我就可以带他参观我们学校。他参观我们学校。If I spoke English smoothly, I would show him

14、 around our school. 假如我了解他们国家文化习俗，我假如我了解他们国家文化习俗，我就很好地与他交流。就很好地与他交流。If I knew the culture about his country, I would communicate with him well. 假如假如我以前努力地学英语，我就能我以前努力地学英语，我就能交到一些外国朋友了。交到一些外国朋友了。If I had learnt English well, I would have had some foreign friends. 假如我以前读了很多关于其他国家假如我以前读了很多关于其他国家文化的书，我就

15、能够文化的书，我就能够更多地更多地了解外了解外国朋友了。国朋友了。If I had read a lot of books about foreign culture, I would have known more about foreign friends.HomeworkHomework1.1. Finish the Exercise2-3 about the Finish the Exercise2-3 about the subjunctive mood of “If clause” on subjunctive mood of “If clause” on P5P52.2. To

16、preview the other forms of the To preview the other forms of the subjunctive mood. subjunctive mood. 2. 省略if 的虚拟句当if 条件状语从句中含有助动词should, had或were时,则可省去连词if, 而将should, had或were置于句首,从而构成倒装,意义不变。If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.If you should need more information, I would h

17、elp you.If I were you, I would marry him.WereShouldHad1. If it _ another ten minutes, the game would have been called off. A. had rained B. would have rained C. have rained D. rained 2. _ for your help, wed never have been able to get out of trouble. A. Had it not been B. If it was not C. If we had

18、not been D. If there had not been Choose the best answers3. You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. A. drove; didnt get B. drove; wouldnt get C. were driving; wouldnt get D. had driven; wouldnt have got 4. If he _ me tomorrow, I would let him know. A. should call B. should have call

19、ed C. were able to call D. are able to call5. _ to give up, he would take my place. A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I2.2. 名词性从句的虚拟语气。名词性从句的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。1.宾语从句。常见动词：宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持：一个坚持：insist两个命令：两个命令：order, command 三个建议：三个建议：advise, suggest, propose五个要求：五个要求：dem

20、and , require, request, desire ask 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词用法。即从句中的动词 使用使用should + should + 动词原动词原形，或者将形，或者将shouldshould省略。省略。1.1.我们建议我们建议TomTom去休息一下。去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我到场。他坚决要求我到场。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。1.We suggested that Tom2.He insisted tha

21、t I present.4.They requested that we3.The king ordered that the prisoners should have a rest.(should) beShould be killedthe next day.should send themto work there. 2、以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。 order, advice, sugges

22、tion, proposal, demand, request, desireorder, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire Its suggested that the plan be carried out. My demand is that she should come to see me once a week. All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.3 3、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；几种特

23、殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；1）wish + 宾语从句宾语从句现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：过去时 (did/were)过去完成时 (had done)would/could/might+V. should I wish I were a bird. (现在现在) I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. (过去过去) We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (未来未来)2）would rather that -现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来： I would rather you paid me now. (现在现在)

24、 I would rather you had gone, too. (过去过去) Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow. (未来未来)过去时过去时过去完成时3） as if /though + 从句从句现在：过去：过去时过去完成时 He looks as if he were drunk. They talked as if they had been friends for years. She loves the baby as if it were her own son. It seems as if it were spring.

25、I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.4).Its high time +that -should +V.过去时你该走了。我们该睡觉了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you should go.Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 5）without和和but for 构成虚拟。构成虚拟。(but for要不是要不是) Without sunlight, peop

26、les life would be different from today. But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work.But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.6）If only (要是要是就好了就好了) If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again! 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起

27、就好了。 要是我没错过火车就好了！要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!8）Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important a pity+ that - 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形动词原形1.It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.2. It is strange that she refuse to

28、 come to the party.3. Its necessary that we should study hard.三、三、 虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。假设的时间而定。If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.If you h

29、ad followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital.1 .1 .The volleyball match will be put off if it _. A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rainedB精选习题精选习题2.2. You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. A. drovedidnt getB. had drivenwouldnt have gotC. drovewouldnt get D. w

30、ere drivingwouldnt get B 3.3. If you _ him yesterday, you _ what to do now. A.asked would know B.had asked would have knownC. asked him know D. had asked would know4.4. What would have happened, _ as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked far

31、ther D. if Bob walked fartherCD5.5. How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden! (02 上海) A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. (95 N) A. breaksB. has broken C. were broken D. had been brokenBC.7 - Do you mind if I leave the window open? - Well, Id rather you _ . A. dont B. didnt C. wont D. mustnt8. Its half past eleven. Its high time _ home. A. well B. wed C. were going D. we wentBD