2014年高考辽宁卷英语试题解析（精编版）（解析版）.doc

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1、中小学教育() 教案学案课件试题全册打包2014普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（辽宁卷）英 语 【试题总评】2014年的辽宁英语试题无论从题型设置上还是从试卷布局上都有较大的创新突破。辽宁英语试题正朝着考查能力和语言灵活运用方向迈进。“突出语篇，强调应用，注重交际”是高考命题的主导思想，“高中阶段侧重培养学生的阅读能力”是英语新课标的精神，因此，2014年的辽宁高考英语试题仍以考查阅读为主，能够全面考查考生理解语言、获取信息的能力以及综合而灵活准确地运用语言的能力。完形填空是人生百味类文章，难易适中，题目设置上较全面，注重上下文的串联，需要考生有全篇意识，不能将句子独立开，考点非常全面，包括动词

2、9题，名词、形容词、副词和代个2个，介词疑问词和连词各一个，文章278词，设题80词，完全符合考试说明要求。阅读所用材料，语言原汁原味，文化信息丰富；材料内容健康，体裁多样、题材广泛，在命题上，注意难度、效度、区分度的把握，设题上充分考虑学生的认知特点，题目由易到难，循序渐进，A篇是科普类短文， B篇是日常生活类短文。阅读C篇文章是环保类短文。阅读D篇是经济文化类短文。其中阅读理解B篇以对话的形式出现，设置五个情境，通过问答，给出比较现代的解决问题采取行动的方法，形式新颖。试卷选材贴近生活，材料新颖，以说明文和记叙文为主，题材广泛。考查细节理解和推理判断为主，但兼顾考查主旨大意、词义猜测、句意

3、理解、代词指代和标题概括，其中句意理解和代词指代是2014年辽宁高考新增的考点。信息匹配是和学生健康密切相关的视力问题，学生容易理解也有实用价值，考生要兼顾横线前后的信息，排除多余选项。今年的试题取消了单项填空这个题型，取而代之的是语法填空题，分值相同，但考查方式更为灵活，对考生要求很高。这个题型要求考生在通读全文，了解文章大意之后，运用词汇和语法知识，将文章补全，达到文意通畅，逻辑合理。短文改错考查高中阶段常见的语法现象，考查冠词，代词，名词，动词，副词，词组，主谓一致，非谓语动词，全面考查学生的知识面。书面表达考查看图作文，书写应用文体中的书面通知。这篇书面表达不仅考查了考生读图和理解图片

4、的能力，还要求考生把握图片给予的信息，并发挥合理想象，补充完善信息，丰满作文内容，形成信息齐全，语言流畅的文章。第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D)中.选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A A new study shows students who write notes by hand during lectures perform better on exams than those who use laptops(笔记本电脑). Students are increasingl

5、y using laptops for note-taking because of speed and legibility(清晰度).But the research has found laptop users are less able to remember and apply the concepts they have been taught.Researchers performed experiments that aimed to find out whether using a laptop increased the tendency to make notes min

6、dlessly by taking down word for word what the professors said In the first experiment, students were given either a laptop or pen and paper .They listened to the same lectures and were told to use their usual note-taking skills. Thirty minutes after the talk , they were examined on their ability to

7、remember facts and on how well they understood concepts. The researchers found that laptop users took twice as many notes as those who wrote by hand. However, the typists performed worse at remembering and applying the concepts. Both groups scored similarly when it came to memorizing facts. The rese

8、archers report said, While more notes are beneficial, if the notes are taken mindlessly, as is more likely the case on a laptop, the benefit disappears.In another experiment aimed at testing long-term memory, students took notes as before but were tested a week after the lecture. This time, the stud

9、ents who wrote notes by hand performed significantly better on the exam.These two experiments suggest that handwritten notes are not only better for immediate learning and understanding, but that they also lead to superior revision in the future.【小题1】More and more students favor laptops for note-tak

10、ing because they can . A. write more notes B. digest concepts better C. get higher scores D. understand lectures better【小题2】While taking notes, laptop users tend to be . A. skillful B. mindless C. thoughtful D. tireless【小题3】The author of the passage aims to .A. examine the importance of long-term me

11、moryB. stress the benefit of taking notes by handC. explain the process of taking notesD. promote the use of laptops【小题4】The passage is likely to appear in .A. a newspaper advertisement B. a computer textbookC. a science magazine D. a finance report考点：考查科普类短文 B(Q = Question; A = Answer)Situation IQ:

12、 If someone sits right next to me in an empty movie theater, is it rude to move?A: Maybe, but nobody will fault you for it. Chances are that close sitter doesnt realize he disturbs you, so he may miss your annoyance. You undoubtedly arent the first person hes met who needs enough room. Forgive his b

13、ad judgment, move quietly and enjoy the show.Situation IIQ: If I use the bathroom at a store, do I need to buy something?A: Consider frequency and urgency. Is this a one-time or an emergency? If so, you dont have to buy anything, but it would be kind if you did. However, if you regularly use the bat

14、hroom at this place, then you are a customer, and you should act like one.来源:学.科.网Situation IIIQ: If someone is talking loudly on the bus, is there a nice way to ask him to keep it down?A: No. Try other means.1) Stare at him until he gets aware of it and quiets down. 2) Lift your finger in a silence

15、 motion(动作)and smile. 3) Put on earphones and ignore him.Situation IVQ: If I remember my friends birthday a day late, should I apologize or just wish her a happy birthday like nothing happened?A: This is the reason why the word belated was invented. Happy belated birthday! is short for: Well, I know

16、 I forgot, but then I remembered. Forgive me and happy birthday.Situation VQ: Can I lie about seeing a text because I was too busy or lazy to respond(回复) to it?A: Dont lie. Receiving a text does not mean you need to respond to it. Why waste a perfectly good lie when the truth will serve? Yes, you ca

17、n say if ever asked, I saw it. No explanation is needed as to why you dont respond.【小题1】You will get annoyed in a theater when .A. a person is too activeB. a person is too rude to youC. a person talks too loudlyD. a person sits too close to you【小题2】How will you quiet someone down in a public place?

18、A. By making fun of him continuously. B. By looking purposefully at him. C. By talking to him directly.D. By pointing angrily at him.【小题3】The underlined word belated in Situation IV probably means .A. predicted B. returned C. cancelled D. delayed【小题4】 What is the passage mainly about? A. Modern ways

19、 to mind your manners. B. Different ways to change others manners. C. Proper manners to offer help to others.D. Good manners to talk to people.考点：考查日常生活类短文CWould it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation?UBC Profess

20、or Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their co-operation and support, passing aro

21、und necessary nutrition depending on who needs it.Nitrogen (氮) and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi (真菌)networks, making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar

22、 way to the networks of neurons (神经元) in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it affects all.Simard talks about mother trees, usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend. She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important m

23、inerals to young trees so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down mother trees with no awareness of these highly complex tree societies or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.We didnt take any notice of it Simard says sadly. Dying tr

24、ees move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance. If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.【小题1】The underlined sentence the opposite is true in Paragraph

25、 2 probably means that trees . A. compete for survivalB. protect their own wealthC. depend on each otherD. provide support for dying trees【小题2】 Mother trees are extremely important because they .A. look the largest in size in the forestB. pass on nutrition to young treesC. seem more likely to be cut

26、 down by humansD. know more about the complex tree societies【小题3】The underlined word it in the last paragraph refers to .A. how tree societies workB. how trees grow oldC. how forestry industry developsD. how young trees survive【小题4】 What would be the best title for the passage?A. Old Trees Communica

27、te Like HumansB. Young Trees Are In Need Of ProtectionC. Trees Are More Awesome Than You ThinkD. Trees Contribute To Our Society考点：考查环保类短文DTravis is the manager of G&G where he is responsible for forty employees (雇员)and profits (利润) of over $2 million per year. Hes never late to work. He does not ge

28、t upset on the job. When one of his employees started crying after a customer screamed at her, Travis took her away. Your working uniform is your shelter, he told her. Nothing anyone says will ever hurt you. You will always be as strong as you want to be.Travis picked up that lecture in one of his G

29、&G training courses, an education program that began on his first day and continues throughout an employees occupation. The training has, Travis says, changed his life. G&G has taught him how to live, how to focus, how to get to work on time, and how to master his emotions (情绪). Most importantly, it

30、 taught him willpower.At the center of that education is an extreme focus on an all-important habit; willpower. Dozens of cases show that willpower is the single most important habit for a persons success. And the best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit. Sometimes it looks like p

31、eople with great self-control arent working hardbut thats because theyve made it automatic, Angela Duckworth, one of the University of Pennsylvaniaresearchers said. Their willpower occurs without them having to think about it. The company spent millions of dollars developing programs of study to tra

32、inemployees on self-control. Managers wrote workbooks that serve as guides to how to make willpower a habit in workers lives. Those courses arc, in part, why G&G has grown from a sleepy company into a large one with more than seventeen thousand stores and profits of more than $10 billion a year.【小题1

33、】We loam from Paragraph 2 that employees in G&G must .A. learn to give lecturesB. attend education programsC. design a working uniformD. develop a common hobby【小题2】Willpower will become a habit when employees can .A. focus on the profitsB. benefit from the jobC. protect themselves wellD. control the

34、ir feeling well【小题3】What can we infer from the passage?A. G&G has grown into a large company.B. G&G will spend half its profits training employees.C. G&G may become more successful in the future.D. G&G has to produce more workbooks for managers.【答案】考点：考查经济类短文第二节(共5小题;每小题2分, 满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能

35、填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but its easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here

36、 are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight: Schedule yearly exams. 36 Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.

37、Protect against UV rays (紫外线). Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, its extremely important to wear sunglasses. 37 来源:Z.xx.k.ComGive your eyes a break. Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. 38 Ex

38、perts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away. 39 As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins (维生素) C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.来源: Practice safe wear and c

39、are of contact lenses (隐形眼镜). Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. 40 Otherwise, you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a m

40、ore serious condition.A. Eat your greens.B. Eye care should begin early in life.C. They can properly protect your eyes.D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.E. Parents usually dont care about their own eyesight.F. Always follow the doctors advice for appropriate wear.G. This frequent eye act

41、ivity increases the risk for eye tiredness.案是C。考点：考查信息匹配-健康类短文第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B, C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It was already half past seven and I was running late again for the dinner appointment with my wife, Eleanor. We had 41 to meet

42、at the restaurant at seven oclock. I felt a little uneasy, but to my 42 ，I had a good excuse: A business meeting had 43 and Id wasted no time getting to the dinner.When I arrived at the 44 ，1 apologized and told Eleanor I didnt mean to be late. She screamed, You never mean to. Well, I 45 tell she wa

43、s angry. Im sorry but it was not 46 , I said. Then I told her about the business meeting. 47 , my explanation seemed to make things worse, which started to drive 48 mad as well. Several weeks later, when I 49 the situation to my friend Ken Hardy, he smiled, You 50 a classic mistake. Youre stuck 51 y

44、our own way of thinking. You didnt 52 to be late. But thats not the point. What is 53 in your communication is how your lateness affected Eleanor. He pointed out that I focused on the intention 54 Eleanor focused on the result. Thus, 55 of us felt misunderstood and crazy. Thinking more about Kens wo

45、rds, I 56 recognized the root cause of such disagreement. Its the result of the action that really 57 .I should have started the conversation by expressing 5 8 my actions affected Eleanor and 59 the discussions about my intention for later, much later and even never. Later on, after talking to Elean

46、or and really 60 her experience of the resultsof my lateness, Ive managed to be on time a lot more frequently.【小题1】A. StartedB. AgreedC. Continued D. Managed【小题2】A. ReliefB. SurpriseC. RegretD. Sorrow【小题3】A. broken outB. closed downC. faded awayD. run over【小题4】A. HouseB. RoomC. RestaurantD. Supermarket【小题5】A. CouldB. MustC.Will D. might 【小题6】A. Movable B. Comfortable C. Acceptable D. Avoidable【小题7】A. However B. ThereforeC. MoreoverD. Otherwise【小题8】A. Her B. HimC. meD. them【小题9】A. spread B. wroteC. translatedD. described【小题10】A. knewB.