（整理版高中英语）高三英语名校试题汇编（第4期）专题19阅读理解（教.doc

《（整理版高中英语）高三英语名校试题汇编（第4期）专题19阅读理解（教.doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《（整理版高中英语）高三英语名校试题汇编（第4期）专题19阅读理解（教.doc（36页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、科技说明文【一模】B Dyslexia is a problem that restricts the ability to recognize words and connect sounds with letters when people readPeople with this learning disorder may also have problems when they writeDyslexia is not related to eyesight or intelligenceThe problem involves areas of the brain that proc

2、ess languageBrain scientists are studying whether they can predict which young children may struggle with reading to provide them early helpJohn Gabrieli at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology is leading the study of five-year-olds in about twenty schools in the Boston area They studied in the

3、 schools with kindergartensAnd for all the children joining in the study，they give them a brief set of paper-and-pencil tests to look at which children appear to be at some risk for struggling to readSo far，fifty of them have been examined in a scanner，a special machine，to show brain activityWritten

4、 tests are not always able to identify dyslexia or other problems，while brain scans may offer a more scientific way to identify problemsAnd with reading problems，early identification is importantWhen it comes to helping children overcome reading difficulties，the younger the child, the more effective

5、 they are Reading problems are not usually identified until a child is in the third or fourth gradeThe later children are recognized as poor readers，the less treatment can helpAnd，as Professor Gabrieli points out，poor reading can make education a struggleReading is everythingEven math and science ha

6、ve textbooks While the children are given tasks related to reading，the brain scans measure the extent to which certain parts of the brain become active while the children do the workThe scientists say they are pleased with early results from the studybut have a long way to go61The most obvious sympt

7、om with a Dyslexia sufferer is . Ahaving a bad memory Blimiting the ability of reading Chaving poor eyesight Dshowing low IQ62The purpose of the study led by John Gabrieli is Ato provide early help to the children with Dyslexia Bto apply their scanning machine to medical field Cto test childrens abi

8、lity to read and write Dto find out how brain processes language63The function of the scanner is to Aprovide the children with necessary picturesBcheck the result of the paper and pencil testsCfind an effective way to improve ones readingDidentify how the brain works while reading64What factor is mo

9、st important in helping children with dyslexia according to the passage?AMedicine BDiet CTiming DScanner65Whats the main idea of the passage?AMore facts have been found about readingBEveryone has to face the problem of dyslexiaCThe scans can show how a persons brain worksDTreatment of dyslexia is mo

10、re effective if examined early62. 【答案】A【解析】从文章第一段倒数第二句“Brain scientists are studying . to provide them early help可知研究是为了给孩子帮助。所以应该选择A。【考点定位】细节理解题。65. 【答案】D【解析】从全文来看文章主要是告诉我们Dyslexia是发现的越早，治疗效果越好。而没有提到A项。【考点定位】理解归纳题。【一模】CA study published in todays edition of the Science finds that，overall，species ar

11、e moving to higher latitudes(纬度)at l05 miles per decadeThe rate is two or three times faster than when it was last measured，in “The climate is shifting everything toward the north and higher altitudes，says Chris Thomas，the author on the paper and a professor at the University of York in the United K

12、ingdomAnimals，plants and insects closer to the equator are starting to find it too hot and are retreating upwards.The study was an analysis covering 764 species moving north or south depending on which hemisphere(半球)they were inAlthough each species moved at different rates and some even moved towar

13、ds the equator，overall the strong trend was toward the polesFor the most part，its not that animals are walking，hopping or winging their way north，Thomas saysRather，individuals at a species southernmost range are breeding(繁殖)less successfully while individuals in that same species northernmost range

14、are breeding more successfullyThe result is that the entire species moves up “There is practically no basis to doubt the fact that species are shifting as a function of rapidly changing climate，says Jeremy Kerra professor of biology at the University of Ottawa in Canada, who did not participate in t

15、he studyOne species Kerr studies is the bog copper, a beautiful little butterfly that appears to practically be on an expressway to the North PoleIt has moved more than 90 miles north in the past decadeFor farmers，what crops they grow and livestock they keep is also beginning to shift, says Philip T

16、hornton，an agricultural economist in Nairobi，KenyaIn Africa，small farms are changing the kinds of animals they keepIn Northern Kenya，there is a move in some places away from the traditional cattle to camels，which are more drought resistant；the price of adult camels there is increasing quite rapidly6

17、6Which picture can describe the result of the study?67According to the third paragraph，we can learn a fact that .Athe animals are moving northward so fastBthere are too many species on the polesCfewer babies are born in the southDnot all animals move to higher latitudes68The example of the bog coppe

18、r is mentioned to tell us that it .Acan fly as fast as an express Bis moving northwards at a high speed Cblocks the way toward the North Pole Dprefers to travel on an express69In the last paragraph，farmers prefer camels . Abecause of changes in temperature Bas a result of animals moving northwards C

19、with the purpose of earning more money Ddue to the changes in crop growing70We can infer from the passage that Aimmediate actions have been taken to prevent the immigrationBrare animals can only be found at poles in not so far futureCit is natural for species to adapt themselves to environment Dchan

20、ges in climate make no differences about peoples life【文章大意】一项研究说明随着气候的快速变暖，很多物种都向两极迁徙。不仅如此一些地方人的生活也受到了影响。68. 【答案】B【解析】从文章倒数第二段最后两句“that appears to practically be on an expressway to the North Pole.可知the bog copper正高速度额向北极移动。【考点定位】细节理解题。70. 【答案】C【解析】本文主要是告诉我们由于气温的变化，物种的栖息地也发生了变化。之所以如此，都是为了适应环境的变化。【考点

21、定位】理解归纳题。【苏锡常镇四市调研】Global Positioning Systems are now a part of everyday driving in many countries. These satellite-based systems provide turn-by-turn directions to help people get to where they want to go. But they can also cause a lot of problems, sending you to the wrong place or leave you comple

22、tely lost. Many times, the driver is to blame. Sometimes a GPS error is responsible. Most often, says Barry Brown, it is a combination of the two.Barry Brown is with the Mobile Life Centre in Stockholm, Sweden. The center studies human-computer interaction, or HCI, especially communications involvin

23、g wireless devices. We spoke to Mr Brown by Skype. He told us about an incident involving a friend who had flown to an airport in the eastern United States. There he borrowed a GPS-equipped car to use during his stay.Barry Brown: “And they just plugged in an address and then set off to their destina

24、tion. And, then it wasnt until they were driving for thirty minutes that they realized they had put in a destination back on the West Coast where they lived. They actually put their home address in. So again, the GPS is kind of “garbage in garbage out.Mr Brown says this is a common human error. But,

25、 he says, what makes the problem worse has to do with some of the shortcomings, or failures, of GPS equipment.Barry Brown: “One problem with many GPS units is they have a very small screen and they just tell you the next turn. Because they just give you the next turn, sometimes that means that it is

26、 not really giving you the overview that you would need to know that its going to the wrong place.Barry Brown formerly served as a professor with the University of California, San Diego.While there, he worked on a project with Eric Laurier from the University of Edinburgh. The two men studied the ef

27、fects of GPS devices on driving by placing cameras in peoples cars. They wrote a paper based on their research. It is called “The Normal, Natural Troubles of Driving with GPS.Barry Brown: “One of the things that struck us, perhaps the most important thing was that you have to know what youre doing w

28、hen you use a GPS. There are these new skills that people have developed. There are these new competencies that you need to have to be able to use a GPS because they sometimes go wrong.Barry Brown says this goes against a common belief that GPS systems are for passive drivers who lack navigational (

29、导航skills.“The Normal, Natural Troubles of Driving with GPS lists several areas where GPS systems can cause confusion for drivers. These include maps that are outdated, incorrect or difficult to understand. They also include timing issues related to when GPS commands are given.Barry Brown says to mak

30、e GPS systems better we need a better understanding of how drivers, passengers and GPS systems work together.1. What is the best title for this passage?A. Is GPS system reliable to use?B. What is the use of GPS?C. How to make the most of GPS?D. Blame! GPS or Passengers?2. What is the implication of

31、the underlined part?A. GPS is just a garbage device.B. GPS will not correct human errors.C. GPS adjusts your wrong destination.D. GPS is just as smart as human beings.3. Which is NOT mentioned as a GPS shortcoming in the passage?A. Small screen. B. Timing of commands.C. Outdated maps. D. Dear camera

32、s GPS uses.4. According to the passage, people commonly believe that _.A. you have to know where to go when using GPSB. you need to have new competencies to use GPS wellC. GPS is proper for drivers with little sense of directionD. GPS is fit for people having good understanding of maps【答案与解析】【文章大意】本

33、文是一篇科技说明文。通过科学调查分析说明：全球定位系统出现的问题是司机和全球定位系统失误两个方面的原因造成的。文章最后指出：为了使全球定位系统更好的为我们效劳，我们需要更好的理解司机、乘客和全球定位系统的协调工作。64.C考查文章的标题。难度：较难。根据文章的导图内容可知：导航系统可能会出现误差，并分析了造成误差的原因。只要正确使用导航系统大多数情况下还是没问题的，是值得信赖的。所以A正确。B项只是说明导航系统的用途，不能涵盖误差分析内容；C项如何充分利用导航系统，如果以它为题目，文章应该写进一步挖掘导航系统的用途；D项全球定位系统和乘客那个应受到责备？与文章内容不符。67.C考查推理判断。难

34、度：较难。根据文章倒数第三段中的Barry Brown says this goes against a common belief that GPS systems are for passive drivers who lack navigational (导航skills.可知：C选项和此句是同义句表达。分析：a common belief对应people commonly believe；drivers with little sense of direction对应drivers who lack navigational (导航skills。选项C句意：人们普遍认为全球定位系统是为

35、那些缺乏方向感的司机而准备的。所以C正确。【二模】Nap，doze，shut-eye and snooze are all expressions we use to describe that mysterious state，sleep. We all do it，we cant get by without it and by the time we reach old age，most of us havespent 20 years sleeping: Yet，nobody knows why we do it Most scientists think that by restin

36、g our bodies，we allow time for essential maintenance维护work to be doneAny damage that there is can be put right more quickly if energy isnt beingused up doing other thingsInjured animals certainly spend more time asleep than usual whiletheir wounds are healing愈合And quite a few illnesses make us feel

37、sleepy so our body canget on with curing us Sleep is controlled by certain chemicals. They build up during the day，eventually reachinglevels that make us tired. We can control the effects of these chemicals to some extentForexample，caffeine helps to keep us awake while alcohol and some medicines mak

38、e us sleepy. By using electrodes，scientists are able to study what goes on in peoples heads while theyare sleeping. They have discovered that when we first drop off everything slows down. The heartbeats more slowly and our breathing becomes shallowAfter about 90 minutes our eyes start totwitch and w

39、e go into what is called REM sleepREM stands for Rapid Eye Movement，and itsa sign that weve started to dream. You have dreams every night，even if you dont remember them. There are all sorts oftheories about why we dream. One is that it gives the brain a chance to sort out the daysactivities，filling

40、everything away in the right place. Another is that the brain gets bored whilewere asleep and organizes its own entertainment-a sort of late-night cinema！ A lot of people say they have to have eight hourssleep every night while others seem tomanage on a lot less. One thing is for sure，we all need so

41、me sleep and going without it can havesome very strange effects. An American DJ，who stayed awake for 200 hours to raise money forcharity，thought things were bursting into flames all around him after 120 hours without sleepHe survived the strange horrible period of time but was depressed for three mo

42、nths afterwards Humans are unusual in the way they sleepMost animals have a sleep during the day andtests have shown that a siesta can be beneficial for us tooIts even been recommended thatairline pilots should have a nap during long flights so that they are more alert警觉的for thetricky business of la

43、nding. So next time you nod off after Sunday lunch in front of the TV，dont feel embarrassed aboutitScience，after all，is on your side63The passage is probably from a A. lab report B. research paper C. science story D. drug instruction64. When we are sleeping， A. our heart beats more slowly B. our bod

44、y chemicals become fully controllable C. our brain begins to show movies D. our wound begins to heal65. The underlined word “siesta in the last paragraph but one means A. a good rest B. a little drink C. a short sleep D. a day dream65. C。词义猜想题。较易。考生只需要在文中倒数第二段in the last paragraph but one找到该词，并参考整个句

45、子即可。Most animals have a sleep during the day and tests have shown that a siesta can be beneficial for us too.句子意思是，大多数动物都有白天睡觉的习惯，实验说明，_对我们也有好处。根据前后逻辑，自然是白天小睡一会儿。应选答案C。【解题思路】猜词题迅速定位该词所在位置，然后参考整个句子或者前后两个句子，即可猜想该词的意思。当然，也应该注意一些关键词and、but、or或者根据构词法解决猜词题。广告应用文【苏锡常镇四市高三教学情况调研一】AHousing policyMajor cities

46、 across China are speeding up the construction of policy-based housing to solve the housing problems of low-income people. Currently, only a tiny percentage of housing is available to recent graduates and low-income people with a hukou from another place. Fortunately, the situation is changing.Beiji

47、ngAffordable housing - housing with a price cap: about 62,000 such houses are to be built in . Qualifications: Beijing hukou; living in less than 15 square meters per family member; single householder above the age of 30.Low-cost housing for rent: 4,000 units to be built this year. Qualifications: Beijing hukou; family members earning less than 580 yuan a month; living in less than 7.5 square meter per person.Public housing for rent: 500,000 square meters to be built in , for recent grads with a migrant hukou (can be changed); be one of the above applic