（整理版高中英语）高中英语总复习经典易错题会诊与试题预测考点8形容词性从句.doc

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1、高中英语总复习经典易错题会诊与试题预测 考点8 形容词性从句正确区分关系代词与关系副词的用法对介词后接关系代词而不接关系副词的考查介词是用which还是用whom；介词如何确定关系代词as的用法介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句考查重点经典易错题会诊 1.(典型例题宁) I Walked in our garden, Tom and Jim were trying a big sign onto one of the trees. A. which B. when C. where D. that 考场错解 B 专家把脉 以句意来看很容易把此题当作是一个时间状语从句或是等立连词when引导的从句.

2、根据题干分析，后者是用来说明Tom and Jim要做的事情的地点，也就是说应该用定语从句来修饰和说明情况的，故填 where来，引导非限制性定语从句。 对症下药 C2.(典型例题) The famous basketball star, _tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. A. Where B. When C. Which D. Who 考场错解 C 专家把脉 考生认为“that不可引导非限制性定语从句，那就只填which了。做定语从句时，考生应分析该定语从句缺什么成分，再看先行词，然后确定是填关系代词还是关系副词

3、；此题是道非限制性定语从句题，而且该从句中很明显缺主语，故A、B不行，C项which指代物，不能指代人，应选D。 对症下药 D3.(典型例题) I Can think of many cases students obviously knew a lot of English words and ex pressions but couldnt write a good essay. A. Why B. Which C. as D. where考场错解 B 专家把脉 很多同学没分析从句结构，一看先行词“cases指物就断定选B.分析从句结构知:缺状语，再根据先行词cases(情形，情景)，根据

4、句意“在很多情景里应选D.Where，也可用“in which. 对症下药 D 考场错解 B4.(典型例题国卷二) There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands. A. Where B. Which C. When D. that专家把脉 考生没有分析出该定词从句只缺状语而不缺主语或宾语而误选B。此题缺状语，再分析先行词.应缺Where(关系副词)，应选A。 对症下药 A.5.(典型例题) Her sister has become a lawyer,_ she wanted to be. A. Who B.

5、that C. What D. Which 考场错解 A 专家把脉 考生乍一看先行词“alawyer指人，误选 A，分析从句及根据题意“她姐姐已当了一名律师，那是她过去曾想从事的一种职业(律师)应选D.Which引导而B.that(不能引导非限制性定词从句。这是有关定词从句的题，故不选C。 对症下药 D专家会诊 1.定语从句相当于一个形容词，起定词作用， 修饰名词或代词 2.定语从句的引导词的三种功用:(1)引导定语从句(2)替代先行词(3)在定语从句中充当一定的成分。 3.解题要领:根据定语从句中所缺成分来确定是用关系代词还是关系副词，决不要因先行词是时间名词就用When，是地点名词就用Wh

6、ere。 4.领先行词指物时，许多情况下既可以用关系代词which，也可以用关系代词that，但在以下情况下，只能使用关系代词that。 (1)领先行词是不定代词all，much，little，someting，everything，anything，nothing，none，the one时。例如: Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?You should hand in all that you have.(2)领先行词前面有only，any，few，little，no， all，very等词修饰时。例如: This

7、 is the very book that Im looking for.The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.(3)领先行词是形容词最高级时或它的前面有形容词最高级修饰时。例如: This is the best that has heen wsed against pollution.This is the most interesting film that Ive ever seen.(4)领先行词是序数词或它前有一个序数词时，例如This train is the last that will go to H

8、uangzhou.What is the first Anerican film that you have seen?(5)领先行词既人又有物时，例如:Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?(6)当主句的主语是疑句词who或which时。例如:Which is the bike that you lost?who is the boy that won the gold medal?(7)有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词正用which，另外一个空用that。例如: They secretly buit

9、up a small factory which produced things that could cause pollution.考场思维训练1 After living in paris for 50 years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.A. which B. where C. that D. when答案: B解析:定语从句缺地点状语。2 I never forget the days _ we spent together.A. that B. when C. whose D. what答案: A解

10、析:that在定语从句中作“spent的宾语。3 Have you seen the film“Titanic ,_ leading actor is world famous?A. its B. its C. whose D. which答案: C解析:whose作定语从句中主语的定语。1 (典型例题京)Why does she always ask you for help?There is no one else ,is there?A. who to turn to B. she can turn to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn考场错

11、解 D或C 专家把脉 按照习惯的思维是介词for可以表示“对，但此题是固定短词turn to表示“向某人求助的意思，固定短语中的介词一般不提前置于关系代词之前。选项A中who是多余的，不定式可直接用作后置定语。 对症下药 B2.(典型例题卷三)The joureny around the world took the old sailor nine months, the sailing time was 226 days. A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which 考场错解 B 专家把脉 考生曲解了定语从句的含义。根据题意“

12、这位老船员花了九个月的时间环游世界，其中航海时间是226天选B、C、D，有悖原意，应选A 对症下药 A3.(典型例题海)Alec asked the policeman _ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident. A. with him B. who C. with whom D. whom 考场错解 A 专家把脉 考生知道“work with sb(与起工作)而没考虑到“him不是关系代词而错选A“work with sb+ 关系代词，领先行词为“人时，应用whom，应选C。 对症下药 C4.(典型例题海) Recen

13、tly I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose 考场错解 A 专家把脉 考生不知“which不能做定语这一用法，这是非限制性定语从句。the price of which指代花瓶的价格应选B 对症下药 B5.(典型例题国) I have many friend, _ some are business. A. of them B. from which C. who of D.

14、of whom考场错解 A或B 专家把脉 先行词是many friends，some of whom， whom是关系，代词，指代朋友们，与介词一起移至先行词后面。 对症下药 D专家会诊“介词+关系代词引导的定词从句是定词从句中较复杂的一种，一般多用于上式文件中。此类定语从句的关系代词主要有which， whom，whose。它们既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性 定语从句。学习这种定语从句时主注意以下几种情况:一、注意介词的先取。在“介词+关系代词引导的定语从句中，介词的选取应根据以下几点: 1.根据介词和定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配。例如: Who is the man with w

15、hom you just shook hands? The Two things about which Karl Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms.2.根据定语从句意思的需要，此时前后搭配都要注意。例如: He had a bad cold,because of which he didnt attend the meeting. The speed at which the car runs depends on the road condition. 3.根据意思可用复杂介词，如by meansof，asa

16、 result of，in front of，in the back of，a11 Of，most of等，例如:The instrument by means of which the temperature is measured is called thermometer.There are forty students in the classroom, all of whom ae working hard at a problem in maths.二、注意关系代词的选取。在“介词 + 关系代词引导的空语从句中，如果，关系代词指事物就用 which;如果指人那么用whom;假设表示

17、“的那么用 whose.例如: This is the classroom in which we studided last year He lives in a house, whose door opens to then north.三、注意“介词 + where引导的定语从句。有时有阅读过程中我们会碰到“介词 + where引导的定语从句，此时要和“介词+which引导的定语从句从意义上加以区别。例如:They stood on the top of the building, from where they could see the whole city. ( from wher

18、e 相当于) from the top of the building, 而不是 from the building) 考场思维训练1 In the dark street, there wasnt a person she could turn for help.A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom答案: D解析:turn to sb for help.2 This is the book _ I paid ten yuan. A. for which B. for that C. which D. off which答案: A解析:pay + 钱数

19、+ for sth.3 This is the factory _ I work. A. in which B. that C. which D. when答案: A解析:work in + 地名。4 In the ofice I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m., _ many people have got home. A. whose time B. that C. on which D. by which答案: A解析:根据句意“到下午5：30时，许多人已经到家了，但定语从句中又用了完成时，故用介词by。5 The teache

20、r discussed with Jim,_ problems was poor study habits. A. one of which B. one of whose C. whose D. which答案: D 解析:根据句意是那个学生的问题之一。1.(典型例题海 )_ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month. A. That B. As C. It D. What 考场错解 D 专家把脉 考生把此题误当作主语从句来解.此题考查的是as引导的非限制性定语从句，指代后面句子整体；表示“正如，句意为“正如所宣

21、布的，下月我们将进行期末考试应选B。 对症下药 B2.(经典题) The word “write has the same pronunciation _ the word “right A. of B. as C. to D. from 考场错解 C 专家把脉 考生不明白此题在考查as引导的限制性定语从句用法。as引导的限制性定语从句既可指人又可指物，它只能替代由sach，the same等修饰的先行词，应选B。 对症下药 B专家会诊关系代词as引导的定语从句 关系代词as既可引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性性定语从句，as在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。1.as引导限制性定语从句时，一般

22、用于以下句式:其中关系代词as在从句中可担当主语、宾语或表语。例如:We have found such materials as are used in their factory. (作主语) Such people as you describle are thought to be fools nowadys. (作宾语)He is not the same man as he was. (作表语)(2).such as .这里such为代词，意思是“这样的人或物，as在从句中担任成分，修饰先行词such。例如: He turned out to be very successful,

23、which was more than we could expect. As is known to all, Edison invented the telephone.2.as引导的非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入主句中，而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能置于主语之后。相同的是两者都可代指主句的整个内容，而不是主句中的某一个词。例如:He turned out to be very successful,which was more than we could expect.As is known to all, Edison invented the te

24、lephone.考场思维训练1 That Passenger was very impolite to the conductor,_ of course, made things even worse.A. who B. whom C. what D. which答案: D解析:which引导的非限制性定语从句。2 This book is very interesting. Where did you buy it? I will buy the same book _ you have bought.A. which B. as C. that D. what答案: B解析:the sa

25、me as3 _ we all know,Taiwan is part of china.A. As B. Which C. What D. That答案: A解析:as引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句整体。探究开放题预测预测角度 1 介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句考查点重点1.The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom解题思路 tell sb/of sb/sth (向某人讲述)故介词用about或 of ；先行词为 gentleman

26、指人，故用 whom，所以选B 。 解答 B2.We will be shown around the city:schools, museums, and some other places, other visitors seldom go.A. what B. which C. where D. when解题思路 此题是考查where 引导的非限制性定语从句，在从句中做地点状语。解答 C考场思维训练1 Our language classes include a lot about the culture of the country _ language we are studying

27、.A. which B. whose C. whatever D. whichever答案: B解析:whose引导的定语从句，whose与country存在所属关系。2 Who is the girl _ is hurrying to school?A. who B. whom C. that D. which答案: C解析:当主语是以who，which等开头的特殊疑问句时，用that3 Is there a gas station around _ I can get some petrol?A. which B. what C. where D. that答案: C解析:where地点状

28、语考点高分解题综合训练1 _ is often the case,we have worked out the production plan.A. Which B. When C. What D. As答案: D解析:as引导的非限制性定语从句，指代主句整体。As is often the case这是常有的事。2 There are two buildings, stands nearly a hundred feet high.A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which

29、答案: D解析:“介+关系代词引导的定词从句。3 I work in a business _ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.A. how B. which C. where D. that答案: C解析:where引导的定语从句，在从句中做地点状语。4 Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, , of course, made the others envy him.A. who B. that C. what D. which答案: D解析:wh

30、ich引导非限制性定语从句，作主语。5 is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.A. It B. As C. That D. What答案: B解析:as引导的非限制性定语从句“正如。6 George Orwell, _ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.A. the real name B. what his real name C. his real name D. whose real

31、name答案: D解析:whose作该非限制性定语从句主语的定语。7 American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk frequently.A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom答案: D解析:“talk with sb，故用with whom引导。8 The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success. A. for which B. at

32、 which C. in which D. on which答案: C解析:act in the Engish play，故用in which引导。9 Luckily,wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way. A. it B. that C. this D. which答案: D解析:without a road map，故用without which引导。10 A fast food restaurant is the place ,just as the name suggests, eating is per

33、formed quickly.A. which B. where C. there D. what答案: B解析:关系副词where作地点状语。11 There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands.A. where B. which C. when D. that 答案: A解析:同上。12 The factory produce half a million pairs of shoes every year,80% _ are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. o

34、f them D. of that 答案: A解析:80%of them.，故用of which引导。13 I can think of many cases _ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldnt write a good essay.A. why B. which C. as D. where答案: D解析:关系副词where作地点状语。14 We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other p

35、laces, other visitors seldom go. A. what B. which C. where D. when 答案: C解析:同上。15 The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.A. until B. that C. when D. where答案: C解析:关系副词when作时间状语。16 _ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every mo

36、nth.A. It B. As C. That D. What答案: B解析:as引导的非限制性定语从句。17 Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane.A. where B. which C. while D. why答案: A解析:关系副词where作地点状语。18 Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, , of course, made the others unhappy

37、.A. who B. which C. this D. what答案: B解析:which引导非制性定语从句，作从句的主语。19 It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, for the first time in years their team won the World up.A. that B. while C. which D. when答案: D解析:关系副词when作时间状语。20 The news _ is spreading around the airport is _ a heavy stor

38、m is coming. A. what,/ B. that; that C. /; that D. that; which答案: B解析:关系代词that充当从句的主语不可省略。21 The mystery _ has puzzled a lot of people is sill unsolved.A. which B. what C. whom D. who 答案: A解析:which作定语从句的主语，先行词为mystery.22 Xiao Wang works for a factory _ makes com puters. A. where B. what C. which D.

39、in which 答案: C解析:同上。23 My former classmate came hack to the school he studied.A. on which B. where C. which D. that答案: B解析:where引导的表地点的定语从句。24 Do you know the girl to _ your class teacher is talking?A. that B. whom C. who D. which答案: B解析:talk to sb.故用to whom引导定语从句。25 Ill never forget the day I joine

40、d the League.A. when B. in which C. which D. that 答案: A解析:关系副词when作时间状语。26 The model driver is looking for a lady _ purse was left in the car this morning.A. who B. whose C. that D. which答案: B解析:本定语从句缺关系代词whose修饰purse.27 The reason he did not attend was that hewas ill.A. what B. which C. why D. for答

41、案: C 解析:从句中缺表原因的关系副词故用why引导。28 Some people dont know who can mend such a lamp _ has gone wrong.A. that B. which C. / D. as 答案: D解析:shchas.29 The golden rule about anything _ works by electricity is to switch off before you touch anything and dont pretend you know when you dont.A. which B. / C. what D. that 答案: D 解析:领先行词是不定代词anything，引导词用