初一英语Unit12ChinaPart1北师大.doc

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1、初一英语Unit 12 China Part 1北师大版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：Unit 12 China Part 1二. 重点、难点： 1. 学习假设干表示方向、方位及国家、人口、国旗等的词汇 2. 一般现在时和一般过去时的综合运用三. 具体内容：1. 方位的表达方式一in the east 与 on the east的区别 in the east表示我们生活中和地理位置上的绝对方向。如：The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳从东边升起，从西边落下。The Great Wall begins in the east fro

2、m the Shanhaiguan Pass and ends at the Jiayuguan Pass in the west.长城东起山海关，西至 。on the east表示某事物位于另一事物所朝的方向。这里的方向是相对而言的。如：China faces the Pacific on the east. 中国东临太平洋。The United States faces the Atlantic on the east and the Pacific on the west. 美国东临大西洋，西濒太平洋。 二in (to，on，at) the east of 要表示A在B的东部，即：A在B

3、的范围之内时就用“A is in the east of B，如：Japan is in the east of Asia.日本在亚洲东部。Italy is in the south of Europe.意大利在欧洲南部。如果A在B的，即：A在B的范围之外，且相隔有一定的距离，就用“A lies to the east of B。口语中有时可将to the省去。如：Japan lies (to the) east of China.日本位于中国。France lies (to the) east of England.法国位于英国。如果A在B的东边(侧)，即：A与B相邻接。就用“A is on

4、 the east of B. 如：Guangdong is on the south of Hunan.在湖南南边。Shandong is on the north of Jiangsu.在北边。如果把方位词当作一个整体看，或是看成一点，就 “A is at the east of B 如：There was a big battle at the north of the Liaodong Peninsula.在辽东半岛的北边有一场大战。如果要表示“A位于B东面100公里处时我们既可以说“A lies l00km to the east of B，也可以说“A lies 100km eas

5、t of B. 后者在美国口语中更为常见。如：The plane crashed 30 miles south of the city.飞机在离城南30英里处坠毁。Suzhou lies 50 miles to the west of Shanghai.位于西面50英里处。 三汉语里“东南西北的先后顺序到英语里就变成了north，south，east，west并由此有了以下中、英文表达上的差异。 东南方：southeast 西南方：southwest西北方：northwest 东北方：northeast如：十三陵位于西北50公里处。The Ming Tombs are located abou

6、t 50 km to the northwest of Beijing.位于东南120公里处。Tianjin is situated l20 km southeast of Beijing.四要表示方位的“偏向时通常用by 正东偏北： east by north正南偏西： south by west正北偏东： north by east正南偏东： south by east如：We are sailing in the direction of east by north.我们正朝着正东偏北方向航行。The island lies south by east from here.那个岛位于此地

7、的正南偏向。 2. 一般现在时和一般过去时的应用汉语的时态大多是通过副词来表达的，而英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。1一般现在时 主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语； 表示客观规律和永恒真理等。He usually goes to work at 7 oclock every morning.She has a brother who lives in New York.The earth goes around the sun.Guangzhou is situate

8、d in the south of China.2一般过去时表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; when, I met him yesterday.The train arrived ten minutes ago.What time did you get up yesterday morning?Yesterday, I was a

9、n hour late and I didnt get to work until 9 oclock.They were in Beijing in 1960.They never smoked.四. 语言知识1. population n. 人们Ten per cent of the population lived in poverty.百分之十的人口生活在贫困之中。In 1992 the population of Cairo was approximately 6500000.在1992年开罗的人口几近6500000。a growing/shrinking population人口增长

10、/减少The UN is investigating new methods of population control.联合国正在研究人口控制的新方法。2. land n. 陆地；土地It is cheaper to drill for oil on land than at sea.在陆地上开采石油比在海上要廉价。This sort of land is no good for growing potatoes.这样的土地不适合种马铃薯。We want to buy a plot of land to build a house.我们想买块地来盖房子。fatherland; motherl

11、and; homeland3. background n. 背景If you listen carefully to this piece of music, you can hear a flute in the background.如果你认真的听这段音乐，你可以听到背景音上有长笛的演奏。The artist himself did not paint the backgrounds to his picturesthey were done by his pupils.这位艺术家并不是亲自完成他的作品的背景创作的它们都是由他的学生完成的。Can you give me some back

12、ground on the situation?可以给我一些这个情况的背景资料么？The book provides background information on the history of the region.这本书提供了关于这本书的背景信息。The school has pupils from many different ethnic/cultural/religious backgrounds.这个的学生有着不同的民族/文化/宗教背景。4. palace n. 宫，宫殿The Queen has agreed to open Buckingham Palace to the

13、public.皇后同意了向公众开放白金汉宫。5. modern a. 现代的My grandpas attitudes are very modern, considering his age.相对于他的年龄来说，我祖父的态度是非常现代的。6. part n. 局部in part 某种程度上The deadline for applications is being extended, in part because of the postal strike.申请的截至日期已经过了，局部是因为邮局的罢工。He works for a company that makes aircraft pa

14、rts.他在一家生产飞机零件的公司工作。7. century n. 一百年，一世纪The city centre has scarcely changed in over a century.经过一百多年，市中心几乎没有发生改变。Hes an expert on fifteenth century Italian art.他是十五世纪意大利艺术方面的专家。the turn of the century 世纪之交Queen Victoria died at the turn of the century.维多利亚女皇在世纪之交去世了。8. clothes n. 衣服She usually wea

15、rs smart/casual clothes.她经常穿着漂亮/随意的衣服。Im just putting my clothes on.我刚刚穿上我的衣服。Take your clothes off and get in the bath.脱了衣服然后去洗澡。9. difference n. 不同，差异Is there any significant difference in quality between these two items?这两者在质量上有明显的区别么？They had an awful row several years ago, but now theyve settle

16、d/resolved their differences.多年前他们之间有了次非常大的争执，但是现在他们已经解决了他们的分歧。10. sell vt. 卖 (sell sold sold)I sold him my car/I sold my car to him for 600.我把我的汽车卖给他600英镑。Well be selling the tickets at/for 50 each.我们会一张票卖50英镑。These baskets sell well.这些篮子卖的很好。11. set vt. 设置，摆放 (set, set ,set)He set a vase of flower

17、s on the table.他在桌上放了一花瓶的花。The campsite is set in the middle of a pine forest.露营地建在了松树林的中间。12. excellent a. 优越的，杰出的Her car is in excellent condition.她车子的状况非常好。The fall in interest rates is excellent news for borrowers.利率的下降对于借款者来说是一个非常好的消息。【典型例题】 用括号内动词的适当时态形式填空。 Usually, I _getup early, _havebreakf

18、ast, and _goto work at eight oclock. I _workhard all day, _finishworking at about 5：30 p.m. and _gohome right away. I _have dinner at 7 oclock and usually _goto bed around 11 p.m. Yesterday, I _not wakeup until 8：00 a.m. I _get up immediately and _getdressed. I _havebreakfast and _leavemy house at 8

19、：45. I _bean hour late and _not getto work until 9 oclock. I _workall day and _not havelunch. I _finishworking at 7：30 p.m. and _gohome at 8 p.m. I _betwo hours late and _not havedinner until 9 oclock. After dinner I _readthe newspaper for a while and _makesome telephone calls. I _listento the radio

20、 for two hours and _ goto bed at midnight I _not goto sleep immediately. I _sleepjust six hours last night. I _not sleepvery well. 答案： get, have, go, work, finish, go ,have , go, didnt wake, got, got, had, left, was, didnt get, worked, didnt have, finished, went, was, didnt have, read, made, listene

21、d, went, didnt go, slept, didnt sleep【模拟试题】答题时间：70分钟一、单项选择1. When _ your son born?A. areB. isC. amD. was2. _was their vacation?It _ great.A. What; wasB. How; wasC. How; isD. What; are3. At first she _like math，but now she_.A. didnt; didB. doesnt; doesC. doesnt; didD. didnt; does4. Li Lei decided _to

22、 Mount Emei next holidays.A. goB. to goC. goingD. went5. Where _ your parents last night?A. wasB. isC. areD. were6. His joke made us_.A. laughingB. to laughC. laughD. laughed7. I found a bird _the tree.A. sing onB. sing inC. singing inD. singing on8. She was at home _yesterday afternoon.A. onB. inC.

23、 atD. /9. Our teachers office is on_.A. the three floorB. Floor third C. the third floorD. Three Floor10. They had great fun _ tennis.A. playingB. to playC. playD. played二. 从下面方框中选适当的词完成对话gowinterswimmingindodaywarmweathertoohotfriendlyunfriendlyskatings the first 1 of the summer.Xiang Hua，do you li

24、ke summer?Xiang Hua：Yes，I 2 .I like 3 very much.But I dont like summer 4 Wuhan.Tom：Whats the 5 like there?Xiang Hua：Its too cold in 6 and 7 8 in summer.Tom：What do you do in summer?Xiang Hua：I dont like to go out.Sometimes I 9 swimming with my friends.Tom：How are your friends?Xiang Hua：They are very

25、 10 .Tom：Thats great.1._ 2._ 3._ 4._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 三. 改错1. How was the weather like yesterday? A B C D2. It were sunny and hot all day.A B C D3. They had a fun practising English. A B C D4. Because the weather was cold,so we went to play football.A B C D5. There are a lot of snow in winter. A B C

26、D四. 英汉词组互译1. 故宫_ 2. write a report _3. 在角落里_4. study for exams_5. 拥挤_6. walk back_7. 去海滩 _8. have great fun_9. 丧失_10. pretty good_五. 请用所给的词语，用日记的形式写一下你在假期都做了什么，注意日记的格式。至少6句话。Wednesday, November 12,today,sunny,go to New York City, go shopping, mother, mall, crowded, visit museums, interesting, go bac

27、k home,7：00,tired【试题答案】一. 1. 答案：D 提示：此题题意是“你儿子出生在什么时候？用过去时表示过去的动词。2. 答案：B 提示：答语中的great太好了说明上句是在问状况，所以用how来提问。假期的动作都结束了，所以用过去时。3. 答案：D 提示：at first表示“一开始，说明动作是过去发生的。now表示“现在，动作是现在的或经常性的，所以用一般现在时。4. 答案：B 提示：decide 表示“决定做某事，后面的动词用不定式。5. 答案：D 提示：last night昨天夜里是关键词，说明该动作发生在过去。your parents是主语。6. 答案：C 提示：ma

28、ke是使役动词，后面的动词用原形，表示“让某人做某事。“发现某人在做某事。8. 答案：D 提示：时间状语前通常加介词，但当表示时间的名词前有last,that,this,yesterday等修饰词时，省略介词。9. 答案：C 提示：third第三是序数词，前面要加定冠词the。10. 答案：A 提示：have fun doing表示“愉快地做某事。fun后面省略了介词in。二. 1. 答案：day 提示：first后面加可数名词单数。本句表示“夏天的第一天。2. 答案：do 提示：上句是一般疑问句，用do来问，用do来答复。3. 答案：swimming 提示：夏天经常性的活动是游泳。4. 答案

29、：in 提示：在一个较大的地点前用介词in。5. 答案：weather 提示：根据下句的句意可知该句是关于天气的。6. 答案：winter 提示：前面的cold是关键词。7. 答案：too 提示：用too来修饰hot，表示“非常；很。8. 答案：hot 提示：后面的summer是关键词。9. 答案：go 提示：go后面加动词的-ing形式表示“去做某事。10. 答案：friendly 提示：根据下句的句意“那太好了，可知该句是说“朋友很友好。三. 1. 答案：A HowWhat 提示：how是疑问副词不能作like的宾语。2. 答案：B werewas 提示：主语是it，谓语需用第三人称单数。

30、3. 答案：B 去掉a 提示：fun是不可数名词，前面不能用a。4. 答案：去掉A项或C项 提示：because 和so都可以引导因果关系句，两者选其一即可。5. 答案：A areis 提示：there be句型中的谓语要和后面最近的名词保持一致。snow是不可数名词，故谓语要用单数。四. 1. 答案：the Palace Museum 2. 答案：写一篇报道3. 答案：in the corner4. 答案：为考试学习5. 答案：be crowded6. 答案：往回走7. 答案：go to the beach8. 答案：获得巨大乐趣9. 答案：be lost10. 答案：相当好五. 答案：Wednesday November 12, sunnyIt was sunny today.I went to New York City.I went shopping with my mother,the mall was crowded.I didnt really enjoy it.And then I visited museums,it was interesting.I went home at about 7：00,I felt tired,but I felt happy.