Grammar—if条件句.ppt

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1、教材分析： If Conditional 是高中英语模块2单元4中的语法知识点。If条件句包括真实条件句和虚拟条件句，即Zero Conditional, First Conditional, Second Conditional 和 Third Conditional。其中Zero Conditional和First Conditional 属于真实条件句，Second Conditional 和 Third Conditional 属于虚拟条件句。这一语法知识点是英语语言学习中的重难点。教学目标：学习并了解If 条件句 ；学会区别真实条件句和虚拟条件句；学习各个虚拟条件句；学习虚拟条件句试

2、题的应对技能。教学重难点：区别真实条件句和虚拟条件句；辨别虚拟条件句的时态；虚拟条件句的类型。教学手段和方法： 师生合作；生生合作；有讲有练，讲练结合。教学步骤Teaching StepsStep 1. Leading The teacher will show the students some sentences on the blackboard , and ask the students to translate them into English.如果天气很冷的话，池里的水就会结冰。 If it is too cold, the water in the pool freezes.

3、如果我到北京去，我就去拜访你。 If I leave for Beijing, I will visit you. .如果你尊敬别人，他们也会尊敬你的。 If you respect others , they respect you as well .如果你解决不了这个问题，我就会帮助你 。 If you have some difficulty in solving the problem, I will help you.Step 2. If 条件句的类型 Zero Conditional 真实条件句 First ConditionalIf条件句 Second Conditional 虚

4、拟条件句 Second Conditional Step3. 真实条件句1. Zero Conditional 表示阐述事实或真理的条件句 . If you eat a lot of food every day, you put on weight. If lions are hungry, they hurt other animals. If you know the answer, put up your hand please.2. First Conditional 依据条件未来可能发生的事 -Have you seen Tom, Jack? -No.If Tom _back,I

5、_ you . A.come; tell B.comes; will tellC.comes; tell D.willcome;will tell 答案：B . I wont go to your party _ I am invited . A. if B. as long as C.unless D.when 答案：C*unless = if.not小结：Step 4. 虚拟条件句如：If I were you, I would choose to work in the company. 假如我是你的话，我就会选择在这家公司工作。 （事实是我显然不是你。） *虚拟条件句，表示假设的情况与

6、事实相反。 1.Second Conditional -与现在或将来的事实相反 如： If I knew his telephone number, I would tell him about it. (与现在事实相反-事实是我不知道他的电话号码。) If it rained tomorrow, our sports meet would be put off. （=were to rain或 should rain）( 与将来事实相反-事实是明天很可能不会下雨。) 2. Third Conditional -与过去的事实相反。 如： If you had worked hard, you

7、would have easily passed the final test. (事实是你没有努力。) If he had taken my advice, he might not have made such a bad mistake.( 事实是他没有听我的建议。)小结：虚拟条件句的用法 Step 5. Exercises 1. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. A.have had B.had had C. have D. had2. Grace do

8、esnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she _ there, she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often. A. lives B. would live C. has lived D. were to live3. I should not have laughed if I _ you were serious. A.thught B. would think C. had thought D.have thought4. -If you _ to my birthda

9、y party last Saturday, you would have met our old friend Jim. - Oh, what a pity! A.came B. had come C. would come D. would have come5. I _ my parents for help if I _ you. A.had asked; am B. asked ;were C. would asked ; were D. ask; were 答案1.D2.D3.C4.B5.CStep6.错综时间条件句即主从句动作不是同一时间发生。难点：区分主从句动作发生的时间6.

10、If we _ a table earlier, we wouldnt be standing here in a queue. A. have booked B.booked C. book D.had booked 答案：D7.You didnt accept my help. If we _ it together, you _ so tired. A.did ; didnt get B.do; wouldnt get C.were doing ; wouldnt D.had done; wouldnt get 答案：D 即不用if 而用without; but; but for; ot

11、herwise/or等表示某种假设情况。8.But for the help of my English teacher, I _ the first prize in the English Writing Competition. A. would not win B. would not have won C. had win D. would have won解析： 此题为虚拟条件句，but for (或without) the help of my English teacher=If there hadnt been the help of my English teacher，与

12、过去事实相反，故主句时态应为would not have won 。难点：辨别主句和从句；找准动作发生的时间。 答案BStep7.含蓄条件句9. -Why are you so late? -I got stuck in the traffic jam, or I _ earlier. A.arrived B.have arrived C.would arrive D.would have arrived 答案：DStep8. 省略条件句即省略if将were;should;had提到句首的虚拟条件句，是部分倒装的一种形式。 If I had got up earlier, I wouldnt

13、have been late. Had I got up earlier, I wouldnt have been late.10. I didnt know he was in the company._ it, I _ then. A.Had I known ; would call on him B.should I know ; would have called on him C.If I knew; would call on him D.Had I known ; would have called on him 答案D 11. _ Tom pass the exam,his p

14、arents would buy a very good bike for him. A. Should B. Was C. Will D. Would 答案AStep9.易错现象真实和虚拟不分；1.If it should rain tonight,we wouldnt go to the cinema.( ) If it rains tonight, we wont go to the cinema.( )2. They _two free tickets to Canada，otherwise theyd never have been able to afford to go. A.h

15、ad got B.got C.have got D.get 答案:B主句和从句不分；1. If he_my advice，he wouldnt have lost his job.Afollowed Bshould have followChad followed Dwould have follow 答案:C2. -Thank you for reminding me of the time, or I _late yesterday. -Dont mention it. Ashould be Bwould be Cwill have been Dwould have been 答案: D时

16、态不分。3. -The weather has been very hot and dry. -Yes. If it had rained even a drop，things would be much better now！And my vegetables_. Awouldnt dieBdidnt die Chadnt died Dwouldnt have died 答案：A4. -I didnt attend the lecture yesterday. -I_，either，if my mother hadnt reminded me. AWouldnt BWouldnt have

17、CDidnt DHadnt 答案：B1.真实条件句2.虚拟条件句小结 *3. 虚拟条件句 主从句同一时间发生的虚拟条件句 错综时间条件句 含蓄条件句 省略条件句*4.虚拟条件句的解题技巧 辨别真实和虚拟； 辨别主句和从句； 辨准主从句时态。Step10.Exerises1.If you _ that film late last night, you wouldnt be so sleepy. A.didnt see B.havent seen C.wouldnt have seen D.hadnt seen2. -When will you come to see me,Dad? -I wi

18、ll go to see you if you _ the training course. A. will have finished B. will finish C. are finishing D. finish 3. If you _ tomorrow, we would have the meeting. A. come B. will come C. came D. are to come4.If he had tried to leave the country, he _ at the frontier. A. will be stopped B.would be stopp

19、edC.would have been stopped D.will have been stopped 5. -Do you have any problems if you_the job? -Well, Im thinkng about the salary. A. offer B. are offered C. will offer D. will be offered 6. I didnt know his telephone number; otherwise I _ him. A. had telephoned B.would telephone C.would have tel

20、ephoned D.telephone7. _ for Liu Xiangs effort, we wouldnt have won an Olympic gold medal in track and field. A. If it werent B. Were it not C. Should it not be D. Had it not been 8.If they _ earlier than expected， they _ here now. A. had started， would be B. started， might be C. had started， would h

21、ave been D. will start， might have been9. Were I to do it， I _ it some other way. A. will do B. would do C. would have done D. were to do10. _ possible I _ him the answer ， but I was so busy then. A. if it had been， could tell B. were it，must have told C. had it been， should have told D. should it be，should have told 答案1.D2.D3.C4.C5.B6.C7.D8.A9.B10.C Class is over! 结束结束