高考英语动词时态语态复习课件.ppt

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1、语法专题（四）语法专题（四）English Basic Tenses (时时态态)& Voices(语态）语态）时态时态主动主动被动被动一般现在时一般现在时现在进行时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成时一般过去时一般过去时过去进行时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时将来完成时将来完成时时态时态主动主动被动被动一般现在时一般现在时do/does现在进行时现在进行时am/is/are doing现在完成时现在完成时have/has done一般过去时一般过去时did过去进行时过去进行时was/were doing过去完成时过去完成时had done一般将来时一般将来时will do将来完

2、成时将来完成时will have doneam/is/are doneam/is/are being donehave/has been donewas/were donewas/were being donehad been donewill be donewill have been done一、一、一一般现在时般现在时 ( The Present Indefinite )1)表经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，常与表示表经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，常与表示频率的时间状语连用，如频率的时间状语连用，如always, often/ usually/frequently, sometimes, ev

3、ery, at ,on Sundays/.动词的时态动词的时态 （ Tenses) Fill in the blanks.I _ (study) hard abroad every day and I _ (get) along well with my roommates, but sometimes I _ (miss) my families.studygetmiss Correct the sentence.The geography teacher told us that the earth moved around the sun. _2)表客观事实、普遍真理。表客观事实、普遍真

4、理。moves3) 表表示按示按计划、规定，时间表计划、规定，时间表将要发将要发生的动作生的动作或存在的状态或存在的状态, 一般一般用于用于 come, go, start, begin, leave, arrive, return等等位移性动词位移性动词 -Youll go to Nanjing tomorrow , when will you start? -The train _(leave) at eight , well start at seven. Mr Black _(leave) for Shanghai in a few days. Do you know when the

5、 earliest plane _ (take) off on Sunday?is leavingleavestakesl4.在部分倒装句中，表示动作正在进行。在部分倒装句中，表示动作正在进行。lThere goes the bell.=The bell is ringing. Here comes the bus. =The bus is coming.2) 表表示示現阶現阶段段时间时间内正在进行的内正在进行的动作动作,但但说话时动作未必正在进行。说话时动作未必正在进行。We _ (have) English class now.are havingShe _ (learn) piano u

6、nder Mr. Smiththese days.is learning3) 现在进行现在进行时表将来，用于按时表将来，用于按计划即将发生的计划即将发生的动作动作,多多用于用于位移动词位移动词,如如: come, go, arrive, leave, stay, fly, take off. I_ (leave) tomorrow. _ you _ (stay) here till next week? Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _.A. take offB. is taking offC. h

7、as taken offD. took off am leavingArestayingl4.现在进行时可以表示不断发展变化的事情。现在进行时可以表示不断发展变化的事情。lIts late Autumn. The weather is getting colder and colder.例：例：Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _ so rapidly. A. is changing B. has changed C. will have changed D. will ch

8、angeAl Translate the sentence.l这个女孩老是在公共场所高谈阔论。The girl is always talking loudly in public.进行时态与进行时态与always, often/usually/ frequently/ constantly/all the time等频度副词等频度副词连用，表经常反复的行动或说话人赞叹或厌恶等连用，表经常反复的行动或说话人赞叹或厌恶等感情色彩感情色彩 .You _ frequently _(tell) people about your exciting sculpture classes.aretellin

9、g三、现三、现在完成时在完成时(The present Perfect Tense) 1). 现在完成时表现在完成时表示从过去开示从过去开始，一直始，一直延续到延续到现现在的动作或状态在的动作或状态, 通常用于通常用于延续性动词延续性动词. 常常与与表一段时间的状表一段时间的状语连用语连用,如如:so far, up to/till now, lately/recently, in/during/over the last/past , since, for 等等He _ (live) in Guiyang over the past 6 years.has lived2).表表示过示过去的某

10、一动作对现在造成的影响去的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果或结果,常用的时间状语有常用的时间状语有: just ,already, yet,ever, never, once，twice，many times等等.We _ (finish) our lunch already._ you ever _ (try) this method? have finishedHavetried 固定的特殊句型：固定的特殊句型： 1) It is (has been) +一段时间 +since-clause. 2) This (That/It) is the first (second) time + th

11、at-clause (现在完成时). 3) This(That/It) is the only + that clause(现在完成时) 4) This (That/It) is the best/ finest /most interesting + that-clause （现在完成时）.Remember:Correct the following sentences:1.This is the first time I had been here.2. It was three years since we came to Fangxian Middle School.3.This is

12、 the only film that he saw .4. That was the most interesting book that we have read.haveis/has beenhas seenhad小结： 现在完成时的用法四、现在完成进行时四、现在完成进行时表示表示从过去开始的一个从过去开始的一个动作一直持续到现在，而且还在进行当中动作一直持续到现在，而且还在进行当中。 强调的是强调的是“从过去到现在一直在进行从过去到现在一直在进行”。其时间的判定由具体的时间段或上下句的语境决定。1.Since the time humankind started gardening,

13、we _ (try) to make our environment more beautiful.2. Tony ,why are your eyes red? -I _(cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.have been tryinghave been cutting 现在完成时和现在完成进行时都表示动作从过去开始，但现在完成时可表示事件或动作刚结束，而现在完成进行时则强调动作仍在继续。现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别：_past&pastpastnowfuture_past&pastpastnowfuturePPT:havedoneha

14、vebeendoingPPCT Li Jia _ (read) a book about Stonehenge. (She finished reading the book.) Li Jia _ (read) a book about Stonehenge. (She is still reading the book.)hasreadhasbeenreading 五、五、一般一般过去时过去时 ( The Simple Past Tense ) 1.表过去发生了的表过去发生了的动作或存在的动作或存在的状态。状态。常常与与表过去的时间连用表过去的时间连用。如。如 yesterday, last

15、 , ago, in , then, just now, the other day等。等。I _ (spend) my childhood happily with my old friends in the countrysideseveral years ago.spent2.表示说话人始料未及的事情表示说话人始料未及的事情 ，要用一般过去时。，要用一般过去时。I didnt know it was you.I never expected you would come to my party.I thought the film was interesting, but it isnt

16、.1. -Have you heard me ？ - Im sorry, I _ you _ to me. A. dont know, are speaking B. didnt know; were speaking C. dont know; were speaking D. didnt know; are speaking2. -Look, this coat is for you. - Oh, How beautiful the coat is ! I never _ you would give a gift. A. think B. thought C. would think D

17、. will thinkBBwas traveling六、过去进行时六、过去进行时The past continuous tense规则规则1：过去某一时刻或某一阶段内正在进行或过去某一时刻或某一阶段内正在进行或 频繁发生的动作频繁发生的动作.Eg: During the summer of 2010 she _(travel) in Europe. 规则规则2：某一动作发生时另一动作正在发生，常用于由某一动作发生时另一动作正在发生，常用于由when/while, as引引导的时间状语从句中导的时间状语从句中. eg: I met Diana while I _ (shop) this mor

18、ning.was shopping1. The little girl _ her heart out because she _ her toy bear and believed she wasnt ever going to find it. A. had cried, lostB. cried, had lost C. has cried, has lostD. cries, has lost 2. Hurry up! Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate. Oh! I thought they _ without m

19、e. Awent Bare going Chave gone Dhad gone BD表示过去的过去，即过去某个时间或动作之前表示过去的过去，即过去某个时间或动作之前发生的事情或存在的状态。发生的事情或存在的状态。1. By the end of last month we _(view) a lot of websites. 2. By the time Jane gets home, her aunt _(leave) for London to attend a meeting. 3. He will have learned English for eight years by the

20、 time he _ (graduate) from the university next year. 4. By the end of next month, they_(finish) the project.Remember:had viewedwill have finishedgraduateswill have left by“到到为止，在为止，在以前以前”表时间表时间, 其后句子用完成时态其后句子用完成时态（had done 或或will have done）。）。1. Bob is abroad. He_ (hope) for a better job, but he did

21、nt get it.2. We _ (plan) to finish the project before dark, but the heavy traffic held us up.3. I _(intend) to send him a gift to congratulate him on his marriage, but I didnt manage it.had hoped规则规则2：表示未曾实现的愿望、打算、意图、承诺等。：表示未曾实现的愿望、打算、意图、承诺等。常用常用_Remember:had hoped /wished / expected / planned / mea

22、nt / intended / thought / wanted (+to do) =hoped / planned to (have done)。had plannedhad intendedl同义句转换：同义句转换：We _no sooner _(be) seated than the bus started.= No sooner _ we _ than the bus started= Hardly/Scarcely _ we _when the bus started.had规则规则3：用于表示：用于表示“一一 就就”的句型的句型 Hardly/scarcely+过去完成时过去完成时

23、+when +一般过去时一般过去时No sooner+过去完成时过去完成时+than+一般过去时一般过去时hadbeen seatedbeen seatedhadbeen八、一般将来时八、一般将来时( The Simple/Past Future Tense ) 有四种表示法：有四种表示法：1.will/shall do2.be going to do3. be to do 4. be about to do when 事先未经考虑的将来事先未经考虑的将来事先考虑好，有计划打算的将来事先考虑好，有计划打算的将来表按计划、安排即将发生的动作，表按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止

24、、可能性等还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可能性等.“正正/就要做某事就要做某事” （不与具体时间连用）（不与具体时间连用）l1. - Can I join the club, Dad?l - You can when you _ a bit older. l A. get B. will getlC. are gettingD. will have gotl2. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they _. l A. have survivedB. are to survivel C. would survi

25、veD. will surviveAB改错：改错：3. The WTO cant live up to its name unless it will include a country that is home to one-fifth of mankind. _4. If it wont rain, we will go to visit the zoo. _ 5. The harder you will study, the better results you will get. _does include/ includesdoesntwill 在时间，条件状语从句中，时态要用在时间

26、，条件状语从句中，时态要用主将从现主将从现。= If you study harder, you will get better results.1.Leave it with me , and I _(see) what I can do. 2. -what time is it ? -Ive no idea. But just a minute, I _(check) it for you.3. Hurry up, otherwise, we _(not get) there on time will seewill check在祈使句在祈使句, and/or sb 陈述句句型中，陈述句句

27、型中，陈述句中只能用陈述句中只能用_will /情态动词情态动词do。wont get/ cant get 动词语动词语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。被动语态的结构：被动语态的结构：be + done一、及物动词一、及物动词(vt.)有被动语态，不有被动语态，不及物及物动词动词(vi.)或短或短语无被动语无被动语态语态.比比较：较： rise是是vi；raise是是vt。 The price has been risen.The price has risen. The price has raised. The price has been raised. Th

28、e accident was happened last week.The accident happened last week.(错错)(对对)(错错)(对对)(错错)(对对) 切记：切记：不能用于被动语态的动词不能用于被动语态的动词: happen, occur, rise, contain, last, cost, mean, lack, hold, fit短语短语take place, look like, break out, belong to, consist of, run out, 二、主动形式表被动意义二、主动形式表被动意义 The music_(听起来不错听起来不错)

29、. His plan _(证明证明) (to be) practical. The meat in the fridge _ (已经变质）已经变质）. has gone bad1. 连系动词连系动词look, sound, feel, smell, taste, appear, seem, go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get, grow, keep + adj. 构成系表结构构成系表结构,主动表被动。主动表被动。sound goodproved如：如：Nylon cleans easily. The fish smells good. Your p

30、en writes smoothly. The recorder wont play.仿照例句造句：仿照例句造句：这种布易洗。这种布易洗。 他的书他的书没有销路。没有销路。This kind of cloth washes easily. His book does not sell well. 2. 表示主语的某种属性特征的动词表示主语的某种属性特征的动词。如如 read, write, cut, draw, drive, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, cook, lock, shut, dry, 这类动词这类动词与与well,easily这样的修饰语搭配时。

31、这样的修饰语搭配时。3. 某物需要某物需要 4. 值得做值得做 5. 某人该受责备某人该受责备 例例1：The equipment in the corner _ (需要修理需要修理).requires repairingsth need / want / require doing sth be worth doingsb be to blame例例2. Who do you think _ for the failure of their marriage? A. to blame B. to be blame C. is to blame D. is to be blamed 例例3.

32、I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child. A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blameCA1、对於这个问题，关注很少。、对於这个问题，关注很少。Little attention was paid to this problem.2、课堂上应该鼓励小组讨论。、课堂上应该鼓励小组讨论。 Group discussion should be encouraged in class.3、据报导，这里将修建一条新的马路。、据报导，这里将修建一条新的马路。It is reported that a new road will be built here.4、必须采取措施来防止河流受到污染。、必须采取措施来防止河流受到污染。 Measures should be taken to stop the river from being polluted.