公开课ppt课件--被动语态.ppt

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1、 被动语态被动语态语法专项语法专项 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，者，被动语态表示主语是动作的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者承受者 They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动被动) 汉语中常用汉语中常用“被被”、“给给”、“由由”、“受受”等词用来表示被动，等词用来表示被动，而英语用：而英语用：构成构成。 一般现在时：一般现在时： 一

2、般过去时：一般过去时： 一般将来时：一般将来时： 过去将来时：过去将来时： 现在进行时：现在进行时： 过去进行时：过去进行时： 现在完成时：现在完成时： 过去完成时：过去完成时： am / is / are + done was / were + done shall / will + be done should / would + be done am / is / are + being + done was / were + being + done have / has + been + done had + been + done 结构：结构：be+be+过去分词过去分词时态变化主

3、要体现在时态变化主要体现在be的变化上的变化上，以，以 为例，列表如下：为例，列表如下：1.一般现在时一般现在时 Simple Present1. 人人都喜欢她。人人都喜欢她。2. 她受人人喜欢。她受人人喜欢。1. Everyone likes her.2. She _ _ by everyone.is liked2.一般过去时一般过去时 Simple past1. 狗咬了他。狗咬了他。2. 他被狗咬了。他被狗咬了。1. A dog bit him.2. He _by a dog.was bitten 1. 河上将建一座桥。河上将建一座桥。2. 如果你违反法律，你就会受到惩罚。如果你违反法律，

4、你就会受到惩罚。1. A bridge _ over the river.2. If you break the law, you _.willwill be punishedbe built3.3.一般将来时一般将来时4.现在完成时现在完成时 1. BP机机(beepers)已经被手机所取代。已经被手机所取代。2. 这件事已经被遗忘了。这件事已经被遗忘了。1. Beepers _by mobile phones.2. This matter _.havehasbeen replaced been forgotten5. 现在进行时的被动语态现在进行时的被动语态 1. 1. A strange

5、r is following the girl.The girl _ _ _ _ _ _ by a stranger.is being followed 2 2. They are building a bridge over the river.A bridge _ _ _ _ _ over the river (by them).is beingbuilt6.含情态动词的被动语态含情态动词的被动语态1. Parents should allow children to choose their clothes. (改为被动语态改为被动语态)Children to choose their

6、clothes.2.The bike can (mend) in two days.should be allowed be mended1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用常用被动语态，这时往往不用by 短语。短语。 (只是告诉老师杯子坏了，不知是谁弄坏的，只是告诉老师杯子坏了，不知是谁弄坏的，或不想说出谁弄坏的或不想说出谁弄坏的)。 2.突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用作的执行者，用by 短语。短语。 （1） My aunt invited me to her d

7、inner party. 主语主语 谓语谓语 宾语宾语 I was invited (by my aunt ) to her dinner party. 主语主语 谓语谓语 宾语宾语 用被动语态改换下列各句：用被动语态改换下列各句：1. My father will repair my bike for me.My bike will be repaired by my father for me.2. I have found my wallet.My wallet has been found.3. She told me to wait here for her.I was told t

8、o wait here for her. Their classroom is being cleaned by the students now.4.You mustnt take those books out of the reading-room. Those books mustnt be taken out of the reading-room.5. The students are cleaning their classroom now. 6. He gave me a present.I was given a present. A present was given to

9、 me.7. Mother often tells her children a story at bed time.Children are often told a story at bed time by mother.A story is often told by mother to children at bed time.be + PP被动语态的基本结构被动语态的基本结构: :有各种时态的变化有各种时态的变化考点一考点一: :1. Now English _ by more and more people all over the word. A. speaks B. is sp

10、oken C. was spoken一般现在时的被动语态：一般现在时的被动语态：am / is / are + PP2. The lost boy _ at the street corner last night. A. was found B. is found C. was looked for一般过去时的被动语态：一般过去时的被动语态：was / were + PP3. More man-made satellites _ in the future. A. will send up B. will be sent up C. are sent up一般将来时的被动语态：一般将来时的被

11、动语态：will + be + PPbe going to + be + PP4. Three bridges _ since last year. A. have built B. were built C. have been built现在完成时的被动语态：现在完成时的被动语态：have / has + been + PP5. Flowers _ every day. A. has been watered B. should be watered C. should water含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词情态动词 + be + PP6-Did Shirley

12、 hold the party in her new house?-No, It_.A.has been painted B.was being paintedC.is being painted D.painted现在进行时和过去进行时的被动语态：现在进行时和过去进行时的被动语态：is /am /are/was/were+being+doneis /am /are/was/were+being+done考点二考点二: :被动语态中的特殊情况被动语态中的特殊情况: :6. Good medicine _ bitter to the mouth. A. tastes B. is tasted C

13、. taste This pen _ well. A. is sold B. sell C. sells感官类系动词感官类系动词taste, sound, feel,smell,look等等 和和sell, drive, read, wash, lock, open等动词等动词用主动语态表被动用主动语态表被动.7. Many people _ during the earthquake in May, 2008. A. were died B. dead C. diedbelong to, happen,take place,come out , last, die等不等不及物动词不使用被动及

14、物动词不使用被动. Great changes _ in the past few years. A. took place B. was taken place C. has taken place D. has been taken place We knew the writer whose books _ last year . (出版）出版） came out9. Children should _. A. take good care of B. be taken good care C. be taken good care of固定短语的被动不要丢掉后面的介词或副词固定短语的被

15、动不要丢掉后面的介词或副词The old should _ politely .A.speak B. speak to C. be spoken B . be spoken to10. Your desk _. A. needs repair B. needs repairing C. needs to repairneed, want, require,deserve 等动词等动词可以用可以用-ing形式表示被动形式表示被动need to be done = need doingdeserve to be done = deserve doing1.He put his hand on th

16、e surface of the stone. It_ cold.A.felt B.left C.is felt D.feels 2. In some parts of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar. A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served3. The new dictionaries are very useful. They _ well and _ already. A. sell, have been sold out B. sold, had sold out C. sell, sell

17、 out D. are sold, have been sold out4. The train _ arrive at 11:30, but it was an hour late. A. was about to B. was likely to C. was supposed to D. was certain to5. This dictionary mustnt _ from the library. A. take away B. taken away C. are taken away D. be taken away6. My shoes _ . I went out for

18、a new pair. A. is worn out B. wore out C. were worn off D. were worn out 7. That kind of shirts _ cotton. A. is made from B. are made from C. is made of D. are made of8. Rice _ in South China. A. growing B. is grown C. are grown D. is grow9. All the preparations for the task _, and were ready to start. A. completed B. complete C. had been completed D. have been completed10. Some of the hotels in my hometown _. A. have now been rebuilding B. are now rebuilding C. are now being rebuilt D. are rebuilt now