高中英语句子成分分析 (2).ppt

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1、句子成分句子成分* *句子成分由词或词组充当句子成分由词或词组充当英语的基本成分有七种：英语的基本成分有七种：_和和_主语、主语、谓语、谓语、表语、表语、宾语、宾语、定语、定语、状语状语补语。补语。1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.主主语语谓谓语语宾宾语语定定语语同同位位语语状状语语主语主语 Jane is good at playing the piano. To see is to believe. Smoking is bad for health. The young should respect the old.

2、 What he has said is true.谓语谓语 简单谓语简单谓语:由由动词或动词词组动词或动词词组组成组成 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans. 复合谓语复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词由情态动词或助动词+动词动词; He can speak English well. He didnt go to school.表语表语 在系动词后的部分就是表语，在系动词后的部分就是表语， 系动词有系动词有: be(am, is, are, were, was), appear, look, seem

3、, feel, smell, taste, sound, keep, turn, become, get, grow, come, go etc. 系动词不用于被动语态系动词不用于被动语态. The apple tastes sweet.1. The war was over.2. They seem to know the truth.3. Time is precious.4. Im not quite myself today.5. Who was the first?6. He is out of condition.7. The book is what I need.宾语宾语 宾语

4、分为宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指直接宾语指物物,间接宾语指人间接宾语指人. He gave me some books.间间接接宾宾语语直直接接宾宾语语.please pass me the book.He bought me some flowers.I like my job.I love you.He wanted to leave here.They enjoyed playing computer games.宾语补足语宾语补足语 I found the book interesting. He made himself known to them. Sh

5、e asked me to lend her a hand. Please keep the dog out. We must keep it a secret. He is a clever boy. His father works in a steel work. There are 54students in our class. Do you known bettys sister? He bought some sleeping pills. There is a sleeping baby in bed. His spoken language is good. I met a

6、friend on my way home.(形容词形容词)(名词名词)(数词数词)(名词的所有格名词的所有格)(动名词动名词)(现在分词现在分词)(过去分词过去分词)(副词副词)定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。的品质与特征的。 定语定语The girl in red is his sister.We have a lot of work to do.The girl standing under the tree is his daughter.Do you know the man who spoke just now?There i

7、s nothing interesting in this book.状语状语 I will be back in a while. They are playing on the playground. He was late because he got up late. He got up so late that I missed the train.状语修饰状语修饰动词动词、形容词形容词、副词副词或或全句全句的句子成的句子成分，说明分，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的步、方向、程度、目的等等 I waited to see yo

8、u. He often went to school by bus. His parents died,leaving him an orphan. Please call me if it is necessary. This book is very interesting. He went to school in spite of his illness. He always comes late to school.八、同位语：八、同位语：We students should study hard. (students是是we的同位语，都是指同一批的同位语，都是指同一批学生学生）Th

9、e hope that we could go to France was exciting. 九、独立成分：九、独立成分：与全句没有语法关系的句子成分叫做句子的与全句没有语法关系的句子成分叫做句子的独立成分独立成分感叹词感叹词：oh, hello, aha, ah,等。等。肯定词肯定词:yes否定词否定词:no称呼语称呼语：称呼人的用语。称呼人的用语。插入语插入语：一些句中插入的一些句中插入的 I think , I believe,等。等。如如: The story, I think, has never come to the end. 一一) 挑出下列句中的宾语挑出下列句中的宾语 My

10、 brother hasnt done his homework. People all over the world speak English. How many new words did you learn last class? Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.(二二) 挑出下列句中的表语挑出下列句中的表语- The old man was feeling very tired.-

11、 The leaves have turned yellow.- Soon They all became interested in the subject.(三三) 挑出下列句中的定语挑出下列句中的定语1. What is your given name?2. I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.3. The man downstairs was trying to sleep.4. I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!(四四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语挑出下列句中的宾语补

12、足语 She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. He asked her to take the boy out of school. She found it difficult to do the work. They call me Lily sometimes. I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.(五五) 挑出下列句中的状语挑出下列句中的状语 There was a big smile on her face. Every night he heard the

13、 noise upstairs. He began to learn English when he was eleven. The man on the motorbike was traveling too fast. With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. She loves the library because she loves books. I am afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it. The students followed Uncle

14、 Wang to see the other machine.基本句型基本句型 主语主语+系动词系动词+表语（主系表）表语（主系表） 主语主语+不及物动词不及物动词+（其他成分）（其他成分） 主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语（主谓宾）宾语（主谓宾） 主语主语+及物动词及物动词+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语 主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语+宾补宾补划分句子成分划分句子成分1.You will tell your friend that youve got to school.2. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didnt dar

15、e open a window.3. Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.4. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power.1.You will tell （your） friend that youve got to school.2. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didntdare open a window.3. Another time five months ago, I happened to beUpstairs at dusk (when the window was open).4. The (dark, rainy) evening, the wind, the thunderingClouds held me entirely in their power.主语谓语谓语间宾间宾定语直接宾语原因状语原因状语主语 谓语谓语宾语宾语