英语基础语法之词类与句子成分课件--初高衔接英语.pptx

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1、基础篇 词汇语法精讲第一章 基础语法词类名词代词动词形容词副词连词介词冠词数词词类名词表示人、事物、地点、抽象概念的名称John，water，London，love代词用来代替名词he，she，you，it词类动词表示动作或状态am，is，are，see，like形容词表示人或物的性质或特征good，right，happy，beautiful词类副词1.修饰动词、形容词或副词2.说明时间、地点、程度等slowly，very，often，here连词用来连接词、短语或句子and，but，before词类介词表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系In，on，from，above冠词用在名词前，

2、帮助说明名词a，an，the词类数词表示数目或顺序One，two，three，first，second，third掌握词类的作用1.梳理语法体系2.正确造句小结句子成分主语1.是句子所要说的人或物，回答是谁或者什么2.通常用名词和代词担任Im Miss Lara.谓语1.说明主语的动作或状态，回答做什么2.由动词或动词短语担任Jack cleans room everyday.句子成分表语1.在系动词后，说明主语的身份或特征，回答是什么或怎么样2.由名词、代词或形容词担任My name is Pingping.双宾语1.有些及物动词带两个宾语，一个指人，一个指物2.指物的叫直接宾语，指人的叫间

3、接宾语3.间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面He wrote me a letter.句子成分定语修饰名词或代词Shanghai is a big city.状语修饰动词、形容词、副词He works hard.区分定语&状语状语1.副词2.介词短语3.动词 ing4.动词 ed5.动词 to do6.从句区分定语&状语定语1.形容词2.介词短语3.动词 ing4.动词 ed5.动词 to do6.从句*有没有被修饰的名词有没有被修饰的名词*区分定语&状语定语Evidence from scientific research shows that he left half of human bra

4、in controls language.The man standing by the window, smoking pipe is his uncle.The letter written by my classmate is very interesting.Without mothering, childrens capacity to survive is seriously affected.The illness from which Mary is suffering has now been diagnosed.区分定语&状语状语In the meeting we disc

5、ussed two economic issues.I went up to him, telling him to keep silent.Interrupted by the man, he became furious.To prevent the wild animal from extinction, we took some measures.The meeting was put off when the Chairman fell ill.句子成分宾语补足语1.用来说明宾语怎么样或干什么2.由形容词或动词充当They usually keep their classroom clean.He often helps me do my lessons.The teacher wanted me to learn French all by my self.句子成分同位语跟在名词、代词后面，进一步说明它的情况。Where is your classmate Tom?小结句子成分主语谓语宾语表语双宾语同位语宾补定语状语