2022年高一英语课文知识点与讲解. .pdf

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1、1.be good to对待 对比 :be good for对 有好处2.add up 特别注意有关的几个词组: add to 给 添加 , 把 加到 上add to 增添, 增加add up 把 加起来add up to 合计达 *If you add 5 to 5, you get 10. *She added sugar to the tea. *If you add some pictures to your report, that will be better. *The bad weather added to our difficulties. *Every time I ad

2、d these figures up , I get a different answer. *His monthly income added up to no more than $1,000. 翻译: 请对我的话做些补充。Please add something to what I ve said.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 25 页请帮我把这些数字加起来。Please add up these figures for me. 3.upset(upset,upsetvt. 使难过、不安 ; adj. 难过的,

3、不安的*Losing the game upset her. *His friend s death upset him very much.*I ll be really upset if you don t come.*I was very upset to see she was hurt. *You look upset -what s happened?4.ignore vt. 忽略, 没注意; 不理睬*Even the most careful person may ignore it. *It s a question that can be easily ignored .*I

4、 greeted him, but he ignored me. 5.calm adj. 平静的 ,镇静的 ; 风平浪静的vt. 使平静*After the storm, the sea was calm again. *Keep calm in time of danger. *Don t be nervous; calm yourself, please.calm down 平静下来精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 25 页*I told him to calm down. 6.concern vt. 关系到, 和 有

5、关;使关心*This matter concerns all of us. *I m not concerned with this matter again.be concerned about关心 ; 为 担心*Please don t be concerned about me.7.go through 经历, 经受;审阅, 检查*Most families went through a lot during the war. *I can t go through these letters in an hour. 8. “ make her diary her best friend

6、”“ call my friend Kitty”make 和 call 都能以名词作宾语补足语, 即make+sb./sth.+n. 使某人 / 某物成为call+sb./sth.+n. 称某人 / 某物为 *We must try to make our country a strong one. *All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. *We called messenger msn in short. *What do you call it? 9.everything to do with nature 精选学习资料 - - - - -

7、 - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 25 页something/anything/everything/nothing to do with 与 有关 / 无关*What he is doing has nothing to do with his work. 10.far too much 实在太多too much(+n. 太多 (, 超过某人的能力far/much too+adj./adv.实在太 too much homework The work is too much for a boy like him. It s (much/far too

8、hot todaymuch/ far too much实在太多11.suffer vi. 受苦 , 受痛苦 , 受损失vt. 受到 , 遭受*He suffered terribly when his mother died. *He looked pale, and seemed to have suffered a lot/a great deal. *We suffered a set-back/no pain. suffer from遭受, 患 ( 病*I suffered much from lack of rest. suffer from cold/cancer 12.recov

9、er vt. 恢复 vi. 痊愈精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 25 页*She recovered her health. *Amy is recovering from a severe illness. *He is unlikely to recover . 13.get tired of对 开始感到厌烦 ( 表动作be tired of对 感到厌烦 ( 表状态14.get along with和 相处; 进展*They get along quite well with each other. *How are

10、 you getting along with your classmates? *How are you getting along with your English? *I m getting along well with my study. 15.exactly adv. 确切地 ;正是; 说的对*You must tell me exactly what you re doing? *That s exactly what I want. *It looks exactly like an elephant s leg. *Exactly !(=That s right.16.gr

11、ateful adj. 感激的*I m very grateful to you for your advice.=Thank you very much for your advice. 17.join A. 参加, 加入 ( 成为其中的成员精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 25 页*He joined the army/the Party 3 years ago. *He is too young to join the club. B.join sb.和某人一起 (从事某活动*Will you join us for

12、 dinner? *I ll join you later.*May I join you in the game? C.join in参加某活动 (=take part in *A lot of newcomers joined in the discussion. *May I join in the game? Useful expressions another time 别的时间go on holiday 去度假cheat in the exam 考试中作弊make a list of 列出 be crazy about 对 狂热 / 痴迷remember well 记得非常清楚dr

13、aw the curtain 拉上窗帘have trouble with sth. 某事有困难have trouble in doing 做某事有困难精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 25 页(in that way 如果那样take one s advice 接受某人的建议keep a diary 1. “learners. ”“ Why do you think people want to learn English?” 注意此类句子的语序 :特殊疑问词 +插入语 + 陈述语 序*What do you think

14、has happened to him? 对比 :What are you doing? What do you think you are doing? 除 do you think外, do you suppose, do you believe, do you guess 也可这样用*Where do you suppose they have gone? 2.because 和 because of *We were late because it rained. We were late because of the rain. *He no longer works here be

15、cause he is old. He no longer works here because of his old age. 用 because of 改写句子 : 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 25 页*He didn t go to school because he was ill.*He di dn t come because his leg was broken*We had to stay at home because the weather was bad. *I realized that sh

16、e was upset _what I had said. 3.actually 实际上表示同类意思的还有 : in fact, as a matter of fact, in reality 4.be based on根据, 以 为基础该词组来源于 base sth. on sth. 把 建立在 基础 上*Alice always bases her opinions on the facts. =Alice s opinions are always based on the facts. be concerned about 来 源 于 concern oneself about be

17、tired of来源于 tired of 5.the English language英语此时要用定冠词 the 对比: *He can speak English. He can speak the English language. *Chinese is difficult to learn. The Chinese language is difficult to learn. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 25 页*I ve learned Japanese for five years.I ve learn

18、ed the Japanese language for five years. 6.vocabulary *English has a much larger vocabulary than French. *The child has a very large vocabulary for his age. *He has a vocabulary of about 5,000 English words. *Your vocabulary is too small; you should learn more words. 7.the 1600s或 the 1600 s 十七世纪读作 t

19、he sixteen hundreds the 1980 s/the 1980s二十世纪八十年代8.make use of利用我们必须好好利用时间。*We must make good use of our time. 这本字典应该充分利用。*The dictionary should be made full use of. (Full use must be made of the dictionary. 9.the latter(两个中后者the former , the latter 前者 , 后者 *John and James are brothers. The former is

20、 a teacher; the latter is an engineer. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 25 页*Of the pig and the cow, the latter is more valuable. 10.a number of 和 the number of 对比: *A number of students in our college are from the south. *The number of the students who are from the south is smal

21、l. a number of后跟可数名词复数 , 谓语动词用复数 ; the number of 后跟可数名词复数 , 谓语动词用单数。 11.hold on坚持; 别挂断*Hold on; everything will be all right. *Hold on a minute! *If you hold on for a moment, I ll get him for you. 12.play a part/role in起作用; 扮演角色*She played an important part/role in winning the match. *What part/role

22、 did he play? *He played a leading part/role in the film. 13.recognise vt. 认出, 承认, 认识到*Dogs recognize people by their smell. 当我那天去机场接他时 , 他一开始没认出我。 *When I met him at the airport the other day, he didn t recognize me at first.*The United States does not recognize the PLO. Useful expressions 精选学习资料 -

23、 - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 25 页official language 官方语言than ever before 比以往任何时候都更native English speaker 以英语为母语的人even if/though 即使, 尽管over time 在一段时间里 communicate with 和 交流 / 交际time will tell 时间会说明一切English speaking country说英语的国家without a second thought不假思索leave for 离开去 on the phone

24、在电话里believe it or not 信不信由你1.prefer A.prefer sth. *Which do you prefer? I prefer the blue one. B.prefer sth.A to sth.B *I prefer the town to the big city. C.prefer to do/ doing 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 25 页*I prefer being alone. *I prefer to take a walk after supper. D.p

25、refer doing A to doing B *I prefer walking there to going by bus. E.prefer to do A rather than do B *I prefer to walk there rather than go by bus. F.prefer sb. to do *I prefer you to stay at home. 2.ever since=since(自从 prep. conj. & adv. *I haven t been back to my hometown (ever since childhood. *I

26、haven t been back to my hometown (ever since I left 30 years ago. *I left my hometown 30 years ago and haven t been back there (ever since. *He returned home in 2001 and has stayed there (ever since. *He has stayed there (ever since 2001. *The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945, and their power

27、 _ increased enormously ever since. A. is B. was C. has been D. had been (答案为 C 3.persuade persuade sb. to do sth说服某人做某事精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 25 页*Finally we persuaded him to come with us. *He persuaded me to buy the house and now I m glad he did. 注意: 如果说而不服则应该说 : adv

28、ise sb. to do或 try to persuade sb. to do *I advised(tried to persuade him to give up smoking but he wouldn t listen. 4.graduate vi. 毕业 ; n. 毕业生 ; adj . 研究生的*He graduated from university last year. *He graduated in engineering last year. a college graduate大学毕业生a graduate student研究生5.It was my sister

29、who这是个强调句。强调句的句型 : It is/was+被强调部分+that 分别对非强调句中划线部分强调*It was I that/who met him in the park yesterday. (强调人而且作主语时可用 who *It was him that I met in the park yesterday. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 25 页*It was in the park that I met him yesterday. *It was yesterday that I met

30、him in the park. 2 一般疑问句的强调句只 需 把 “ It is/was+被 强 调 部 分 +that ” 改 为“ Is/Was it+被强调部分+that ” 即可。3 特殊疑问句的强调句*He didn t come It was because he was illthat he didnt come. Why was it that he didnt come?*Who was it that met him in the park yesterday? *When was it that you met him in the park? *Where was i

31、t that you met him yesterday? *Whom/Whowas it that you met in the park yesterday? *How long was it that he stayed in London? 4 特别注意not until 如何变为强调句*He didn t go to bed It was not until we came back that he went to bed. 5 强调句的特点 : 1 必须要有 it, be动词和 that, 缺一不可。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - -

32、 - -第 14 页，共 25 页2 被强调部分必须是代词 , 名词, 时间副词和地点副词以及从句。3 如同非强调句可改为强调句一样, 强调句也应能够还原成非强调句。6.where it begins在它( 河开始的地方where 可作连词 ,引导地点状语从句 , 意为 “ 在 / 到 的地方 ” .*This is where I was born. *The book is where you put it yesterday. *Take him where it s quiet.*I will meet you where we first met. *Bamboo grows bes

33、t where it s warm and wet. 7.be fond of*Which subject are you fond of? I m fond of geography.*She s fond of speaking English.对比: *-Which subject do you like? -I like geography. *She likes speaking English. 8.way of doing sth做某事的方式 / 方法精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 15 页，共 25 页也可说 way

34、 to do sth. 9.insist vt.&vi.坚持要求 , 一定要A.insist on doing *He insisted on leaving right now. *I insist on knowing the truth. *I insist on you giving us reply. *I insisted upon her staying in London. *I insisted on being told the truth. *We insisted on him being sent to hospital at once. B.insist that从

35、句中用 should+ 原形或只用原形 *We insisted (that he (should be sent to hospital at once. *I insist he go at once. *He insisted the plan be carried out as soon as possible. 如果表示“ 坚持认为 , 坚持说 ” , 则从句动词形式不受限制。10.determined adj. 决心, 坚定的*I m determined not to follow his advice.*They are determined to win the game.

36、*She is a determined woman, who always gets what she wants. 11.an altitude of 5,000 metres 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 16 页，共 25 页类似的说法 : *China has a population of 1.3 billion. *China has an area of 9.6 million square kilometers. *The Mekong has a length of more than 4,000 km. *H

37、e was driving at a speed of 80 km an hour. 12.once conj. 一旦*Once you make a promise, you should keep it. *Once you show fear, he will attack you. 13.make up one s mind*He made up his mind to learn English well. *They made up their minds to cycle along the Mekong. =They decided to cycle along the Mek

38、ong. =They were determined to cycle along the Mekong. 14.give in(to vi. (向 让步, ( 向 屈服*In the end I had to give in. *Don t give in to him.give up vt. 放弃*He gave up his job to look after his invalid mother. *I give up smoking ten years ago. 15.through the valley, acrossthrough the door(window, wall, t

39、unnel, forest, city, crowd, valley, street 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 17 页，共 25 页across the river(square, street, desert, lake, bridge, surface, room, hall 16.bend vt. 使弯曲 vi. 弯腰 , 拐弯 n. 拐弯处*He bent his head and hurried on. *What will happen if I bend the ruler? *He bent down and

40、 picked it up. *The river bends westward. *The river is full of bends. 17.attitude to/toward(s对 的态度*What s WangWei s attitude to/towards the trip? 18.change for 以 换 *change the house for a larger one *Change your dirty clothes for clean ones Useful expressions advantage and disadvantage利和弊a form of

41、transport 交通方式fill in 填写grow up 成长, 长大know sb./sth. well 对 很了解精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 18 页，共 25 页make (up a dialogue编对话all day 整天like clockwork 顺利地 ; 有规律地give up 放弃, 停止field trip 校外考察旅行the weather forecast 天气预报the river bank 河岸medical training 医疗培训blocks of ice 大冰块That s what

42、we look like.我们看上去就这个样。 (be dressed in 穿着 the setting sun 落日put up the tent 搭帐篷for company 陪伴, 作伴can t wait to do sth1.think little/badly of; 对 不在意 *I think little of that plan. *He thought badly of me before. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 19 页，共 25 页think much/highly/well of对 评价很高2

43、.as if/as though似乎, 好像A. 以 “ it looks/seems as if+句子 ” 的形式出现*It looks as if it s going to rain.*It seems as if we ll have to walk home.B. 以 “ 主语 +look/seem/taste/smell/feel等系动词 +as if ” 的形式出现*The milk tastes as if it has already gone bad. *He looked as if he were a stranger here. *She felt as if som

44、ething bad would happen. C. 以 as if 从句作状语的形式出现*I love you as if you were my own child. *I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday. 2.one-third of the nation; two-thirds of them 全国三分之一的地方 ; 他们中三分之二的人英语中分数的构成 , 分子用基数词 , 分母用序数词; 当分子超过 1 时, 分母用复数。one third/a third 三分之一two thirds 三分之二a fifth

45、/one fifth 五分之一精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 20 页，共 25 页three-fifths 五分之三特殊分数的表示one half/a half 二分之一one fourth/a quarter 四分之一three fourths/three quarters 四分之三(参见教材 P.83 3.however 然而,不过可位于句首、句中或句末,但要加逗号。*He said that it was so; he was wrong, however. *However, the medicine did not ha

46、ve much effect. *The medicine, however, did not have much effect. 4.last vi. 持续*The hot weather lasted for a whole week. *But their friendship didn t last long.5.All hope was not lost.希望并没有全部失去。 all+not(无论not 在句中什么位置均表示部分否定。*Not all the students are here. =All the students are not here. 并不是所有的学生都在这里

47、。*I didn t understand all that he said.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 21 页，共 25 页every, everybody, everyone, everything, everywhere, both+not 都表示部分否定。*Both of them are not from America. =Not both of them are from America. *I can understand what he said, but not every word. *You can n

48、ot find it everywhere. 若要表示全部否定 , 则要用 none, neither. *None of them are here.所有的人都不在。*None of them is here.没有一个人在。*Neither of them is from America. 6.the dead死了的人某些形容词和分词前面加 the ,可表示一类 the blind 盲人 ; the old老人the sick 病人 the injured受伤的人the rich 富人 the poor 穷人7.to the north of the city在城市以北在 east/sout

49、h/west/north前可分别用介词 in/on/to,表示不同的位置关系 , in 表示在某范围内 ; on 表示 在范围外但又相邻 ; to 表示范围以外且不相邻。 *China in the east of Asia. *Japan is to the east of China. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 22 页，共 25 页*Russia is on the north of China. 8.refer to *refer to a dictionary/the reference book/ one s no

50、tes, etc. 查阅, 参照*When I said someone was lazy, I wasn t referring to you. 指, 提到*Don t refer to the matter again. 9.frightened/frightening 某些及物动词的现在分词和过去分词都可以作定语和表语 , 但意义不同, 现在分词 (-ing表示“令人 ” , 而过去分词 (-ed则表示“感到 ” ,*a frightened boy 一个吓坏了的男孩a frightening sound 令人害怕的声音*excited students 激动的学生exciting ne