2022年高中英语完形填空精析精练专题五记叙文完形填空解题指导与训练5 .pdf

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1、高考英语完形填空精析精练记叙文 完形填空解题指导与训练5 【考点定位】2011考纲解读和近几年考点分布记叙文一直受高考完形填空命题者的青睐，在高考完形填空题材中占有相当大的比重。这是因为其有人物、情节发展等线索可循，内容情节深刻，常涉及人物心理活动的细致描写， 篇章与语句的结构变化丰富多彩。这种类型的试题， 更能考查考生根据文章的整体内容选择符合文章情节的答案，可以充分体现考生对事物的应变能力。记叙文就是记载、叙述人们在生活中看到、听到、经历过、接触过的一些人物和事件的文章，它是借助叙述、描写、抒情等手段记叙社会生活中的人、事、景、物的形态及其发展过程， 用以表达作者的思想、 抒发作者的某种情

2、感的文章。从内容来看， 作者为了叙述的方便， 往往会按照时间先后顺序来安排情节和内容，其特点就是条理清楚， 层次分明。 不过有时为了突出某个情节或为了增加阅读趣味性，或为了其他目的，作者可能会采用插叙，甚至倒叙的写作手法。弄清了文章篇章信息的分布情况，有助于抓住文章的主线，理清文章的脉络。从语言来看， 作者往往用生动形象的语言， 将人物、 事件或景物的存在与变化作精细的描绘，使读者有如见其人、如临其境的感觉。另外，这类文章的谓语动动词以一般过去时态为主， 也会同时兼有别的各种时态。还有，这类文章会有较多的动态动词，使文章充满“动感” ，让往事历历在目。文章会适当运用直接引语，简洁、生动地表达事

3、件发展的过程和各种人物的心理活动，充分展示人物的独特个性和人物之间的相互关系。分析近几年全国及各省市的高考试题，我们不难看出高考完形填空的体裁以记叙文为主且呈以下发展趋势：1、首句完整，线索清晰一般来说，完形填空首句中会包含人物身份和事件发生的时间、地点等重要信息，并且不设空。2、叙述灵活，侧重语境文章以叙述为主， 人物间对话较少， 绝大部分篇章都是作者在描述事件，较少加入自己的观点或评论。 另外，记叙型完形填空中常会出现态度与观点的跳跃变换或语气上的差异， 这就增加了情景的迷惑性和干扰性，从而突出了对语境的考查，实现了在理解上下文的基础上， 通过语境来辨析词语并做出选择这一考查目的。3、考查

4、以实词为主，虚词为辅记叙型完形填空篇幅不长，行文始终紧扣中心话题，形成一个主题连续体。考查重点集中在动词、名词、形容词和副词等实词上。【考点 pk】名师考点透析解题技巧做记叙文类完形填空时， 除同样重视文章的首句外， 考生还应把握好以下几点：1. 了解记叙文的六要素。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 25 页记叙文，无论是记人还是叙事，都会交代清楚是什么人或事、在什么时间、什么地点、做什么事或发生什么事，其原因是什么，结果又怎样。这就是记叙文的“六要素”。弄清了这六个要素，基本上就理解了整篇文章。2. 明确作者的写作目的。

5、就事论事一般来说不是作者记叙的目的，作者往往通过叙述阐明一个道理。作者总是为了某个目的， 在情节选择和细节描写上作出合理的安排。读者明晰了写作目的，就能抓住文章的主题。3. 读懂作者观点或态度。解题时要认真分析全文， 看作者是否一直采用某种态度叙事或描述人。为了增加试题难度， 命题人往往采用变化的形式，考生只有在语境的指导下， 对文章进行准确地逻辑推断，才能推测出文字之下的深层信息。4. 弄清作者叙述的视角。弄清文章是以第几人称的视角展开记叙的，通常英语记叙文展开记叙的视角有两个：第一人称和第三人称。用第一人称就是从“参与者”的角度进行记叙，读者可从字里行间感受到作者亲切的态度和深厚的感情。用

6、第三人称就是以 “观察者”的身份展开叙述，作者的语气客观，与读者保持着一定的距离，读者的注意力更多集中在故事本身。了解了作者的写作角度有助于我们走进作者的思维，深入理解文章的意义，把握好语境。【精选试题】精析精练（海南省海口市 2010 年高考调研测试英语）Life is like potato salad; when its shared it becomes a picnicWhen my three children were young, my husband, Roy, and I were very 36 “Can we go on a picnic, Mom? ” my six-

7、year-old daughter, Becky 37 “Please”I had said no so many times in the 38 months, and I decided the usual Saturday morning chores （日常工作）could waitTo her 39 , I agreed I prepared a few sandwiches and 40 a cooler with ice and drinks and called Roy 41 My eleven-year-old twin sons put the cooler and the

8、 picnic basket in the trunk and off we went to spend some 42 time together as a family About the time I got the lunch 43 out on the table, Roy arrived on the 44 That was one of the happiest meals we ever shared together The meal was filled with 45 We felt a closeness that had been hidden by work and

9、 school 46 for so many monthsRoy and the boys 47 rocks into the lakeBecky fed the ducks and I sat quietly on the picnic table, 48 God for blessing me with such a wonderful familyThat night as our 49 went to bed, I kissed their cheeks and realized what a wonderful life I hadAs I walked out of the roo

10、m it dawned on me that even the busiest 50 could become a picnic when its shared with the ones you 51 Even though the kids have now grown up and 52 from home, I can still remember how I felt that day while sitting at the picnic table 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 25 页Maybe tod

11、ay would be a good time to 53 potato salad, call all of my grown kids, feed some hungry 54 and skipped a few rocks into the lakeSince life is like potato salad, lets make it a 55 36Aold Bpoor Cbusy Dmiserable 37Abegged Basked CdoubtedDwondered 38Acoming Brecent Cfollowing D later 39Adoubt Bdisappoin

12、tment CsadnessDsurprise 40Asupplied Bprovided CcombinedDfilled 41Aoff work Bat home Cat work D on business 42Aunhappy Bquality Cquantity Dsad 43Aspread Btaken Cmade Dcooked 44Ascene Bview Cevent Dlandscape 45Asadness Bexpectation Chope Dlaughter 46Aorders Bcharges CactivityDresponsibilities 47Amisse

13、d Btook Cskipped Dleft 48Apraying Bpraising CthankingDtrusting 49Afamily Bchildren Cfriends Dparents 50Alifestyle Btime Cworld Dfamily 51Aenjoy Bown Chave D love 52Aleft alone Bpassed away Cran awayDmoved away 53Asupply Bcook CwatchDplant 54Aducks Bchildren Cfamily Dpeople 55Asalad Blife Cpicnic Dho

14、pe 【文章大意】多年前，作者和家人们忙里偷闲，一起去野餐，在领略大自然优美风光的同时， 看到孩子们天真无邪的笑脸， 作者深受触动。 尽管此情景已经过去了数年， 孩子们也都已经长大成人， 离开家出去闯荡了， 但那次美好的回忆一直留在作者的脑海中。36 【答案】 C 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 25 页【解析】根据后文中的I had said no so many times以及 ldecided theusual Saturday 【解析】 scene场景；一场； (事情发生的 )地点； view 看法；风景 (画)

15、；event 事件；landscape自然风景。由 arrive on 可知此处所填词表地点，故选A。45 【答案】 D 【解析】根据前一句中的happiest可以推断出此处选D。46 【答案】 D 【解析】句意是：我们感觉到因为数月来的工作或学习任务而深深压抑在我们心底深处的亲近感。选、D。本题较难。47 【答案】 C 【解析】根据最后一自然段可知所填词与介词into 构成短语，意思是跳进，选 C。48 【答案】 C 【解析】pray 祈祷；praise表扬；thank感谢；trust信任。根据本句中的 such a wonderful family 可以推断出此处选 C。49 【答案】 B

16、 【解析】根据后一分句的意思可知此处选B。50 【答案】 B 【解析】由 busiest可以推断出此处选B。51 【答案】 D 【解析】由 share with可以推断出此处选D。52 【答案】 D 【解析】leave alone不理，不顾； pass away去世，流逝； run away 逃跑，逃离；move away移开，搬走。根据本句中的grow up 可知此处选 D。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 25 页53 【答案】 B 【解析】根据宾语potato salad可知此处选 B。54 【答案】 A 【解析】由

17、前文中的Becky fed the ducks 一句可知此处选、 A。55 【答案】 C 【解析】根据文章首句可知此处选C。Love in a Box When I was a little girl, I found love in a box all because of a class assignment. On a Friday night I 36 at dinner table, “ MY teacher said we have to bring a box, a special box, for our valentines ( 情人节 ) on Monday. Mother

18、 said, “ Well see, and she continued eating. What did “ Well see mean? I had to have that box 37 my second grade Valentines Day would be a disaster. Maybe they didnt love me enough to help me with my 38 . All Saturday I waited 39 and with Sunday arriving, my concern increased, but I 40 an enquiry ab

19、out the box might 41 anger or loud voice, for in my house children only asked once. More than that 42 trouble. Late Sunday afternoon, my father called me into the kitchen. The table was covered with colorful 43 of different kinds. A (n) 44 shoebox rested on top of it. 45 flooded through me when Dadd

20、y said, “ Lets get started 46 your project. In the next hour my father 47 the shoebox into impressive valentine box. Colorful paper covered the ugly cardboard with red hearts 48 to what I considered all the right places. He sang while he worked. When he finished, he was so delighted that a 49 smile

21、spread over his face. “ What do you think of that? he asked. I answered him with a hug. But inside, 50 danced all the way to my heart. It was the first time that my father devoted so much 51 to me, for his world consisted of work only. The holiday party arrived, and my classmates put cards, and pres

22、ents into the valentine boxes. Laughter filled our classroom until dismissal time 52 . On the way home, I held out my valentine box for the world to 53 . The love that filled it meant more to me than all the valentines inside. The valentine box became a symbol of his love that 54 through decades of

23、other Valentines Days. He gave me other gifts through the years, but none 55 compared with the love I felt within the limits of the old, empty shoebox. (北京市东城区 2010届高三上学期期末考试 ) 36Aannounced Bappeared Cserved Dsat 37Aand Bhowever Cor Dso 38Adesign Bplan Cidea Dproject 39Asadly Banxiously Cdisappointe

24、dlyDpatiently 40Afound Brealized CknewDimagined 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 25 页41Astart Bcause Cmark Dproduce 42Ainvited Btook Csaved Dhad 43Aboxes Bgifts Cpaper Dfood 44Anew Bbig Cattractive Dempty 45ARelaxation BRelief CCheer DCalm 46Aby Bat Cin Don 47Afolded Bpacked Ccha

25、ngedDpressed 48Ajoined Battached ClinkedDconnected 49Aslight Bbrief CbroadDconfident 50Ajoy Bfun Cinterest Damusement 51Amoney Btime CsupportDhope 52Areached Bset Cspent Dcame 53Aaccept Brespect CadmireDrecognize 54Acarried Bkept Cspread Dlasted 55Aever Beven Cyet Dstill 【文章大意】 这是一个情感故事， 讲述了一位父亲帮助女儿

26、完成情人节作业制作情人节盒子的故事，体现了浓浓的亲情。36A 从上下文可知，我在饭桌上向家人宣布了(announce) 老师要求交的作业。appear表示出现； serve表示服务； sit 表示坐，都与语意不符。37C 从上下文语句知，我必须要有情人节盒子，否则(or)这个情人节将会是一场灾难。此处表示转折，用or。38D 下文 46 空格后的 projiect 有暗示，表示作业。39B 从下文 my concern increased可以推断出， 我当时的心情焦急不安(waited anxiously)，但是，我知道 (know)我父母的脾气，在我家，小孩子只能问一次，过多的询问可能会使(

27、cause) 父母生气。40C 语意参见 39 题解析。 find 表示发现， realize：表示意识到， imagine表示想象，都不符合语意。41B 语意参见 39 题解析。 start 表示开始； mark 表示标记； produce 表示生产，都不符合语意。 cause导致。42A invite trouble 是固定词组，表示招灾惹祸。43C 从第六段中的 Colorful paper covered知，当时桌上堆满了各式各样的彩纸 (colorful paper)，同时在上面还放着一只空鞋盒(erupty shoebox)。44D 语意参见 43 题解析。文章结尾的empty s

28、hoebox有暗示。45B 看到彩纸和盒子，听到父亲说要帮助自己做情人节盒子，我大感解脱(relief)。relief 表示解脱； relaxation 表示放松； cheer表示 振作，欢呼；calm 表示冷静。46D 此时父亲说让我们开始做你的作业吧。此处get started on sth 是固定词组，表示开始做。47C 此处表示父亲用一个小时把鞋盒变成了(change) 令人印象深刻的情人精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 25 页节盒子。 change into表示把变成。48B 固定词组 attach to表示依

29、附于，附属于。49C 父亲边做边唱， 非常高兴，当他做完后，脸上露出了开朗的笑容broad smile。slightThe Pecan Thief When I was six years old, I was visiting my grandfathers farm in Kansas. Grandpa had sent me into the 36 to gather pecans for us to enjoy later. Pecan picking was really 37 work and my little basket was only half full. I wasnt

30、 about to 38 Grandpa down. Justthen something caught my 39 . A large brown squirrel was a few feet away. I watched as he picked up a pecan, hurried to a tree and 40 in a large hole in the trunk. A moment later the squirrel 41 out and climbed down to the ground to pick up another nut. Once again, he

31、took the pecan back to his hiding place. Not so 42 anymore, I thought. I dashed over to the tree and looked into the hole. It was 43 with pecans! Golden pecans were right there for taking. This was my 44 . Handful by handful, I scooped all of those pecans into my basket. Now it was full! I was so 45

32、 of myself. I couldnt wait to show Grandpa all the pecans. 46 , I ran back and shouted, “ Look at all the pecans! He looked into the basket and said, “ Well, well, how did you find so many? I told him how Id 47 the squirrel and taken the pecans from his hiding place. Grandpa congratulated me on how

33、smart Id been in observing the squirrel and his habits. Then he did something that 48 me. He handed the basket back to me and put his arm gently 49 my shoulders. “ That squirrel worked very hard to gather his winter 50 of food, he said. “ Now that all of his pecans are gone, dont you think that litt

34、le squirrel will 51 the cold winter? “ I didnt think about that, I said. “ I know, Grandpa said. “ But a good man should never take 52 of someone elses hard work. Suddenly felt a bit 53 . The image of the starving squirrel wouldnt 54 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 25 页my mind.

35、There was only one thing I could do. I carried the basket back to the tree and poured all the nuts into the hole. I didnt eat any pecans that night, but I had something much more filing the 55 of knowing I had done just the right thing. (北京市海淀区 2010届高三上学期期末考试 ) 36Arooms Bwoods Choles Droads 37Ahard

36、Bdirty Clight Deasy 38Alet Bsettle Chave Dkeep 39Asweater Bbasket Ceye Dhand 40Ajoined Blived CdiscoveredDdisappeared 41Ajumped Bheld Cstood Dfound 42Astrange Bsecret CanxiousDpatient 43Acovered Bfilled CrebuiltDdecorated 44Aturn Bchoice Cchance Dachievement 45Aafraid Bashamed CcarefulDproud 46AOthe

37、rwise BHowever CBesidesDTherefore 47Adriven Bfollowed CprotectedDcaught 48Aannoyed Bsatisfied CsurprisedDdelighted 49Aoff Bbeside Cover Daround 50Asupply Bcost CsupportDpreparation 51Aescape Bspend Csurvive Dfled 52Aplace Bnotice CadvantageDcharge 53Aguilty Bunconfident CembarrassedDnervous 54Aopen

38、Bleave Ccross Doccupy 55Ainspiration Bexpectation CimpressionDsatisfaction 【文章大意】 本文主要讲述了这样一个故事：作者 6 岁时，在爷爷的农庄里捡山核桃。但捡山核桃很累，作者只捡了半篮。这时，作者看到一只松鼠也在捡山核桃，而且它的树洞里也装满了山核桃。作者为了取悦爷爷， 就把它们都拿了回来，但爷爷告诉他不要攫取别人的劳动果实，最终作者良心发现又把它们放了回去。36B 从上下文知，我被爷爷派去捡山核桃，再结合第一句中的fann和选项可知我应该到树林 (woods)里去， 而不是房间 (rooms)， 洞里(holes)

39、和路上 (roads)。37A 从后面的我才捡半篮山核桃可知，捡山核桃对我来说是一项挺困难的精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 25 页(hard)活，其他选项都不符合语境。38A 从下文知，我不想让爷爷失望， 此处 let sb down是固定词组，意为令某人失望。39C 就在此时，不远处的一只棕色大松鼠引起了我的注意。catch ones eye表示引起某人的注意。40D 那只松鼠捡起一颗山核桃向一棵树跑去，最后消失(disappear) 在树干的大洞中。该句中的三个动作表承接：先picked up，然后 hurtied

40、 to，最后disappeared 。join 加入， live 生存， discover发现都不符合语境。41A 该处表示：不久，那只松鼠又从洞中跳了出来(jump out，)，故选 A项。hold out 伸出，坚持， stand out突出，find out 发现都不符合语境。42B 从后文中 dashed over.to the tree 可知，作者认为松鼠捡山核桃不再是秘密了。43B 我发现洞中到处都是山核桃， be filled with 是固定词组， 意为充满着，符合语境； be covered with覆盖be decorated with用装饰。44C 当看到洞中有这么多的山

41、核桃，作者认为自己的机会来了。45D 作者拿了这么多的山核桃，心情非常高兴，当然很骄傲。be proud of自豪，高兴，符合语境。 be afraid of表示害怕，担忧； be ashamed of表示感到羞愧；be careful of表示小心。46D 此处表示我迫不及待地想把捡到的山核桃让爷爷看，因此兴奋地大叫起来，前后句构成因果关系， 用 therefore,，otherwise否则；however然而；besides除此之外还。47B 我告诉了爷爷，我是如何跟踪(follow) 松鼠，从而找到这些山核桃的。48C 此处表示爷爷虽然表扬了我，但他接下来做的事情让我很吃惊(surpri

42、se)。49D 爷爷用胳膊挽着我的肩膀，用介词around。50A 松鼠努力工作，收集了过冬食物，此处supply of food 表示食物储备。51C 你把他的食物都拿走了， 难道你没有想过他在寒冷的冬天还能活下去吗?survive。挺过，符合语境。52 C 好人不应该利用 (take advantage of) 别人的辛勤劳动。 takeplace of代替，take notice of注意到， take charge of负责，都与语境不符。53A 爷爷说了这些话后，我突然有了一种负罪感(guilty) 。54B 那只松鼠挨饿的场景在我心头挥之不去，所以用 leave ones mind

43、表示离开心头。55D 此处表示作者为他做了一件正确的事情而感到很满足(satisfaction)。A Good Friend, A Second Self I couldn t believe my ears when I heard my name called for the leading role in our high school play. Mrs. Dermitt, my drama teacher, had been looking for someone to play an energetic boy in a comedy. Luckily for me, she th

44、ought that I could handle the 36 . That afternoon my friend Kevin and I talked 37 about the play. Although Kevin hadn t been 38 for a part onstage, his job with the set crew was important to the success of the play. I told him I was a little 39 because I had a lot of lines to memorize. “ You can do

45、it.” He said. I knew I could 40 him: we had been friends since 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 25 页the third grade, and we 41 a good team. Preparations for the play moved at a rapid pace. While working hard with the set crew, Kevin 42 spent hours helping me learn my lines. He of

46、ten said my lines with me by silently moving his lips. We 43 that he could probably play my part as well as I could. Three days before the 44 night, everything was ready for the performance. But when I woke up 45 a fever and sore throat on the day of the play, the entire production came to a sudden

47、46 . Everyone in the drama department was worried, 47 there was no way I could perform. The play was 48 to open in fewer than six hours, and we had no time to cancel. I tried to think of a way to 49 . Then it hit me Kevin knew the 50 as well as I did. I called Mrs. Dermitt to give her my 51 . Within

48、 a few short hours, Kevin stood onstage in costume and makeup. The amusing lines he had 52 with me so many times made the crowd laugh and cheer. In a strange turn of events, Kevin and I had 53 the day for everyone by working as a team. Of course, I was terribly disappointed to have 54 my chance in t

49、he spotlight, but I was extremely 55 to have such a good friend. 36Apart Bplay Cband Dcrew 37Acalmly Bseriously CexcitedlyDanxiously 38Aelected Bchosen CinvitedDtrained 39Aupset Bbored CnervousDconfused 40Acount on Btend to Ctalk withDagree with 41Ajoined Bfound Ctook Dmade 42Aalso Bonly Cstill Dsim

50、ply 43Aexpected Bdebated Cagreed Djoked 44Afinal Bspecial Copening Dgreeting 45Awith Bfrom Cin Dby 46Achange Bturn Cstop Dend 47Afor Bbut Cand Dso 48Alikely Bready Csure Ddue 49Apass B help Ccare Dface 50Asteps Blines Cpoint Dcase 51Aintroduction Binstruction CexplanationDsuggestion 52Ascanned Bgras