牛津初中英语重点词汇讲解.doc

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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date牛津初中英语重点词汇讲解牛津初中英语重点词汇讲解 牛津初中英语重点词汇讲解A1a bit 有点儿后面可跟形容词 a bit of 后跟不可数名词a bit of housework I feel a bit / a little lonely from time to time because I have just come to a new school.我偶尔因

2、为感到有点儿孤独因为我刚刚来到一所新学校。a little 有点儿，（比）稍微可修饰比较级 Its 10 a.m. I feel a little hungry.上午10点了，我感到有点饿。 Lily is 1.65 metres tall. I am 1.63 metres tall. Lily is a little taller than I.Lily1.65米高。我1.63米高。Lily比我高一点。2ability n. 能力 be able to do Different people have different abilities. Find out more about his

3、 abilities.不同的人有不同的能力。3above prep. 在的上面 Wilson lives two floors above Wendy.Wilson住在Wendy楼上两层。 below prep. 在的下面 Mary lives six floors below Wendy. Mary住在Wendy楼下6层。 over prep. 在的正上方，从上跨越 There is a bridge over the river.有一座桥横跨这条河。 The plane was flying over the mountain. 那时飞机正飞越那座大山。 under prep. 在的正下方

4、 There is a bike under the tree.有一辆自行车在树下。 on prep. 在的上面 o There is a book on the desk.桌上有一本书。4abroad adv. 在国外，到国外 Im planning to travel abroad in this coming summer holidays. 我计划在即将到来的暑假里去国外旅行。5accept vt. 接受 辨析：receive 收到 Do you accept what he told you?你能接受他所告诉你的事吗？6accident n. 事故，意外的事 The car acci

5、dent killed three men yesterday.昨天，三个人在这场车祸中丧生。7achieve vt. 获得 achieve a balance betweenand 在和之间获得平衡 I dont know how to achieve a balance between my schoolwork and my hobbies.Can you give me some advice?我不知道怎样在学习和爱好两者之间取得平衡。你能给我一些建议吗？8across prep. 从表面穿过 go across the road/ bridge/street/field Go acr

6、oss the road and walk on,youll see the bookshop.穿过这条马路继续走，你就看到那个书店。 cross vt. 穿过 Cross the road and youll see the museum. 穿过这条马路，你就看到那个博物馆。 crossroads n. 十字路口 through prep. （从内部）穿过，通过 go through the forest/tunnel 穿过森林/隧道 They put candles in them so the light shines through the eyes,the nose and the

7、teeth.他们把蜡烛放在里面，这样光线就会透过眼睛鼻子和牙齿照出来。 The sun is shining through the window.阳光透过窗户照进来。9action n. 行动 take action(s) 采取行动 We can take the following actions to protect giant pandas.你可以采取以下行动来保护大熊猫。 If we do not take action,there will be no bears in the world.如果我们不采取行动，世界上就没有熊了。10active adj. 积极的，活跃的 反义词：i

8、nactive You are energetic and active,but sometimes too impatient.你精力充沛活泼，但有时你太没有耐心了。 take an active part in 积极参加 actively adv. 积极地，活跃地 We hope this information will help them understand and make them actively take action to protect wildlife.我希望这个信息将帮助他们理解并且使他们积极地采取行动来保护野生动物。11activity n. 活动 after-sc

9、hool/outdoor/indoor activities 课外/户外/室内活动 We do after-school activities every afternoon.我们每天下午进行室内活动。12advantage n. 优势，长处 disadvantage n. 劣势，缺点，不利条件 Living in the country has advantages and disadvantages.住在农村既有优势也有劣势。13advise vt. 建议，劝告 advise sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事 Our English teacher advises us to s

10、peak English as much as possible.我们英语教师建议我们尽可能多说英语。 advice n. （U） 建议，劝告，忠告 give sb. some advice 给某人提一些建议 I dont know how to learn English well.I hope you can give me some advice.我不知道怎样学好英语。我希望你可以给我一些建议。 suggestion n. (C) 建议 offer sb. some suggestions Can you offer me some suggestions?14affect vt. 影响

11、 affect our moods 影响我们的心情 Do you know that colours can affect our moods?你知道颜色能影响我们情绪吗？ effect n. 影响，作用 have a good/bad effect on sb. 对某人有好的/坏的影响15afford vt./ vi. 买的起，能做 afford sth. 买的起 afford to do sth. 有能力做某事 We cant afford to pay such a price.我们没有能力承担这样的价格。 The car is too expensive. I cant afford

12、it/I cant afford to buy it.这辆太贵了， 我买不起。16afraid adj. 担心，害怕，恐怕 be afraid /be afraid of sth./doing/be afraid to do sth./be afraid that I have a lot of homework to do. Im afraid (that) I cant go with you.我有许多家庭作业要做，恐怕我不能和你去了。 Im afraid of snakes.我害怕蛇。 Im afraid of going out alone at night.我害怕晚上单独出去。 Do

13、nt be afraid to ask questions.不要害怕问问题。frightened adj. 感到恐惧的 They heard something unusual,they felt frightened.他们听到一些异常情况，他们感到恐惧。17against prep. 反对，违反，紧靠 He is wanted because he has done something against the law.他被通缉因为他做了违法的事。18age n. 年龄 at the age of 在岁时 Whats your age?/How old are you?你多大啦？ At the

14、 age of five,she could swim.在5岁的时候，他就能游泳。19ago adv. 以前 two years ago 两年前 three seconds ago 三秒种前 He dont know what happened to them three seconds ago.他不知道三秒种前他们发生了什么事。 before adv. 以前 I have never been to the Great Wall before.我以前从来没有去过长城。 prep. 在以前，在前面 I like reading English before I go to bed.我在上床前喜

15、欢读英文。 The train had left before I went to the station.在我到达火车站之前，火车就离开了。 He sits before/in front of me.他坐在我前面。 the day before yesterday 前天 the year before last 前年20agree vi. 同意，赞同 agree with sb. 同意某人的看法 agreement n. 同意，协议 反义词：disagree I agree with your parents that it is better for you to go home ear

16、lier.我同意你父母的观点，你最好早点回家。21air n. 空气，大气 air pollution 空气污染 There isnt air or water on the moon.月球上没有空气和水。 There is less air pollution in Sunshine Town than in Moonlight Town.阳光镇的污染比月光镇的污染要少。 v. 使通风 air the room 使房间通风 We should air the rooms every day in spring.春天，我应该每天使房间通风。22allow vt. 允许 allow sb. to

17、 do sth. 允许某人做某事 My parents dont allow me to play outside after 6 p.m. 我父母不允许我下午6点之后出去玩.23almost adv. 几乎，差不多 nearly adv. 几乎，差不多 hardly adv.几乎不 He is very tall- almost 1.75 metres tall.他很高，几乎有1.75米We lost our umbrella in the wind and I nearly fell over.大风卷走了我们的伞，我几乎跌倒。24alone adv./ adj. 独自，单独 be at h

18、ome alone, live alone lonely adj. 孤独的，寂寞的 feel lonely The old man lives alone,but he doesnt feel lonely.这个老人独自一人居住，但他不感到寂寞。25along prep. 沿着 go/walk along the road get along(well) with 与相处（融洽），在取得（大的）进展 I get along well with all my classmates.我和我所有同学相处融洽。26already adv. 已经 yet adv. 还（未）常用于完成时 We have

19、already finished our homework.我们已经做完我们家庭作业。 Have you finished your homework yet? No ,not yet.你已经做完你的庭作业了吗？还没有。27although conj.虽然，尽管 不能和but连用 Although he studies hard, he cant catch up with others. 虽然他努力学习，但他不能赶上别人。28also adv. 也 , too adv. 也 , as well 也, either 也 He likes reading. I also like reading

20、. I like reading,too.我也喜欢看书。 He is also wearing a pair of colourful trainers.他也穿了一双颜色鲜艳的运动鞋。 I want to read the book as well.我也想读这本书。 He doesnt like running,I dont,either.他不喜欢跑步，我也不喜欢。29among prep. 在中间 三者或以上 between prep. 在之间 两者 The teacher stands among the students.老师站在学生中间 There is a railway betwe

21、en the two cities.在这两城市间有一条铁路。30angry adj. 生气的，愤怒的 be /become/get angry with angrily adv. 愤怒地 His parents became angry when he made the same mistake again.当他再次犯同样的错误时，他的父母生气了。 “What?”the tiger said angrily. “什么?”老虎生气地说。31another adj. 另一个，别的 后跟可数名词单数 other 后加可数复数 Would you like another cup of tea?你想再

22、要一杯茶吗？ I am going to take another route.我想走另一条路线。 onethe other（两个中的） 一个另一个 The old man has two daughters.One is a worker,the other is a nurse.这个老人有两了女儿，一个是工人，另一个是护士。32answer n. 答案 the answer to 的答案 Can you tell me the answer to the question? Its difficult for me.你能告诉我这个问题答案吗？这对我有点难。v.回答 answer a que

23、stion 回答问题Can you answer the question? Yes ,I can.你能回答这个问题吗？reply n./v. 答复，回答 reply to a question/letterMy penfriend in the USA hasnt replied to my last three e-mails.我在美国的笔友还没有回复我上次三份e-mail。33anyone pron. 任何人 用于疑问句和否定句 Is there anyone in the room? 房间里有人吗？34. appearance n.出现，相貌 对应名词： appear 反义词：disa

24、ppear She made her final appearance on the screen. 她最后一次出现在银幕上。35argue vi. 辩论，争辩 argue with sb about sth. 和某人争辩某事 I love peace and do not like to argue with others.我喜欢安静不喜欢和别人争辩。36arrive vi. 到达 arrive at/in ,get to,reach a place 到达某地 arrive in Beijing, arrive at the station, reach the station, get t

25、o the station, get here/there/home arrival n. 到达 time of arrival 到达的时间 When we arrived,the film had been on for 10 minutes.当我们到达的时候。电影已经放映10分钟了。37asleep adj. 睡着的 fall asleep 入睡He was too tired, so he fell fast asleep.他太累了，很快就入睡了。 sleep vi./n. 睡觉 go to sleep , get enough sleep After breakfast, I want

26、 to go to sleep.吃完早饭后，我想去睡觉。 I dont get enough sleep. I feel sleepy in class.我没有足够的睡眠，我课堂上感到想睡觉。 sleepy adj. 欲睡的，困倦的 feel sleepy 感到困倦38attention n. 注意，专心 pay attention to 注意 You should pay attention to your spoken English.你应该注意你的口语。39awake adj. 醒着的 反义词：asleep Suzy was still awake at 12 oclock last n

27、ight. Suzy昨晚12点仍然醒着。40award n. 奖，奖品，奖金 近义词：prize the Grade 7 Most Helpful Student Award 七年级最佳乐于助人学生奖 Beijing Musuic Awards 北京音乐奖B1. badly adv. 拙劣地，糟糕地，严重地 比较级最高级 worseworstOur team played badly at first but got better in the second half.我们的队伍开始打的糟糕，但下半场打的好些。His grandfather is badly ill.他的爷爷病得很严重2. b

28、eauty n. 美，美丽Walk slowly around the lake and feel the beauty of the old park.慢慢沿着湖边散步，会感受到这个古老公园的美丽。When Hepburn died in 1993,the world mourned the loss of a great beauty,a great actress and a great humanitarian.当Hepburn在1993年去世的时，整个世界都在哀悼一位美女伟大女演员和慈善家的离去。beautiful adj. 美丽的 beautifully adv.Our homet

29、own is a beautiful and quiet place.我们的家乡是一个美丽而安静的地方。3. become vi. 成为，变得 became becomeI want to become a famous singer and travel around the world in the future.我想将来成为一个著名的歌手并且周游全世界。Nanjing is becoming more and more beautiful.南京正变得越来越漂亮。4begin/start vi./vt. 开始 begin/start to do sth./doing sth. He beg

30、an to learn English when he was six years old.当他6岁时就开始学英语。 beginning n. 开始，起初 began begun at the beginning of 在开始 At the beginning of the class, we sang an English song.在这堂课开始时，我们唱了一首英文歌。5. between pron. 两者之间between. and among 三者或以上 He will come between 5p.m and 7p.m .他将在5点到7点之间来。6birth n. 出生，诞生 dat

31、e of birth 出生日期 at birth 出生时 birthday 生日Next Sunday is my twelfth birthday.下周日是我12岁的生日。7boring adj. 乏味的，无聊的，令人乏味的 feel bored adj. 感到无聊的 Mr Blacks class is boring.We all feel bored in his class. Mr Black上的课枯燥，我们在他的课上都感到乏味。 The trip to the World Park was boring. We all felt bored on the way.去世界公园的旅行令人

32、乏味，在路上我们都感到乏味。8borrow vt. （向某人）借用，借 borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物 lend vt. 借给 lend sth. to sb./lend sb.sth. 把某物借给某人 Excuse me,can I borrow a bike from you?/Can I borrow your bike?我能借你的自行车吗？ I lent my English book to Kate yesterday. 昨天我把我的英语书借给Kate了。keep 借多长时间 You can keep the book for 2 weeks. 这本书你可以借

33、2周。9both pron./adj. 两者，双方，两者的，双方的 neither 两者都不 either 两者中的 一个 Peter and I are both students. Pete和我都是学生。 Peter and I both love playing football. Pete和我都喜欢踢足球。 Both of us love playing football. Both he and I are hard-working. He knows both English and French. all (三者或三者以上)都 none (三者或三者以上)都不 All of us

34、 are students. We are all students. 我们都是学生。 We all work hard at English. 我们都努力学英语10.bread n.不可数名词 I am not full, I want two more pieces of bread. 我没吃饱，我还想要两快面包。11breath n. 呼吸 out of breath 上气不接下气 breathe vt./vi. 呼吸 breathe heavily 呼吸急促 Daniel arrived out of breath because he missed the early bus. Da

35、niel上气不接下气赶到，因为他错过早班车。 A witness reported that he was breathing heavily and had blood on his shirt.一个证人报告说他呼吸急促，衬衫上有血。12bridge n. 桥 There is a wooden bridge over the river. 有一座木桥横跨这条河。 go across the bridge /cross the bridge /walk over the bridge 过桥13bright adj. 明亮的，聪明的 My classroom is very bright.我的

36、教室非常明亮。 He is a bright/smart/clever boy.他是一个聪明的男孩。14bring vt. 带来，拿来 brought take vt. 拿走 took taken Take these old chairs away,and bring the new ones here.把这些旧椅子拿走，带一些新椅子来。 Remember to bring your homework here tomorrow.记得明天把你作业带来。 Its raining outside. Please take an umbrella with you when you go out.

37、外面正下雨。当你出去的时候，请带一把伞。15build vt. 建造，建筑 built building n. 建筑物，楼房 We should build more reserves for giant pandas.我们应该为大熊猫建立更多的保护区。 Most of us live in tall buildings.我们中的绝大部分住在高楼里。16burn vt. 烧伤，烧 The fire burned Zhang Huas neck,arms,and face.火烧伤了张华的脖子胳膊和脸。17busy adj. 忙的，忙碌的 be busy with /doing sth. 忙于做某

38、事business n. 企业，商行，工厂The students are very busy these days.学生这些天非常忙。They were busy with/ doing their homework at that time.他们那个时候忙于做作业。We get lots of support from local businesses.我们从当地企业得到许多支持。18buy vt. 买 buy sb. sth. /buy sth. for sb. bought bought My father bought me a new bike yesterday./ My fat

39、her bought a new bike for me yesterday.我父亲昨天为我买了俩自行车。sell vt. 卖，出售 sold soldHunters will make a lot of money if they sell elephants tusks.猎人通过卖象牙来赚钱。19by prep. 通过，靠，用（表示通过某种方式）by bus/ bike/ plane/air/ train/ ship/sea/underground/boatby doing sth.Now we can take an underground to the centre of Nanjin

40、g.Now we can go to the centre of Nanjing by underground.现在我们可以乘地铁到南京市中心。We go to school by bike every day.We ride bikes to school every day.我们每天骑自行车上学。She wanted to remind us that we should protect the environment by showing us the beauty of nature.她想通过向我们展示大自然的美来提醒我们应该保护环境。C1. call vt.把叫做/给命名 We ca

41、ll him Tom.The boy is called Tom.这个男孩名叫Tom There is a boy called Tom in my class. Jerry is calling the police for help.在我班上有一个名叫Tom的男孩。Jerry在打电话给警察寻求帮助。2. calm vi.平静下来，镇静下来 adj.平静的 calm down 静下来 Some colours like blue and white make us calm and peaceful.蓝色和白色等颜色使我们安静。 We should calm down when the ea

42、rthquake happens.当地震发生时，我们应该镇静。3. camel n.骆驼 A camel is a useful animal. 骆驼是有用的动物。4. camera n. 照相机/摄象机 We usually take photos with cameras.我们用照相机照相。5. candle n.蜡烛 You can put candles into pumpkins to make lanterns.你可以把蜡烛放在南瓜里来制作灯笼。6. candy n.糖果 At Halloween, we can eat a lot of chocolates and candies.在万圣节，我们吃巧克力和糖果。7. capital n. 首都 the capital of 的首都（省会） Washington DC is the capital of the USA.华盛顿特区是美国的首都。 Nanjing is the capital of Jiangsu.南京是江苏的省会。8. care v. 介意，在乎 I dont care about money. 我不在乎钱careful adj.小心的