全国海船船员11新规则考试（轮机部（轮机英语））试题及答案（五）.doc

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1、试题下载 全国海船船员11新规则考试（轮机部（轮机英语）试题及答案（五）第三部分 船舶电气和自动化第四章 船舶自动化1.The control mode in which the final control element is moved from one of two fixed positions to the other is known as( ).A.dead band actionB.neutral zone actionC.rangeD.on-off action答案：D解析：fix：固定；band：带；neutral：中立，中位；zone：区，带；range：范围【译文】：最

2、终的控制单元是从2个固定的位置之一移动到另一个位置，这种控制模式称为开关控制。2.The difference between measured and desired values is called( ).A.make-upB.desired valueC.deviationD.set value答案：C解析：deviation:偏差【译文】：测量值和给定值之间的差值称为偏差。3.In order to ensure the safety of the ship and its equipment during UMS operation, certain essential functi

3、ons( ).A.must be providedB.may be providedC.have providedD.can be provided答案：A解析：略4.Remote control means that the system is being controlled by the operator who is situated ( )from the system.A.automaticB.localC.remoteD.manual答案：C解析：略5.The monitoring function may serve all of the following purposes

4、except( ).A.instigating corrective actionB.indicating values of controlled variablesC.warning of off-limit conditionsD.providing record of performance答案：A解析：monitor：监测；instigate：煽动；variable：可变的【译文】：除了激发校正作用以外，监测功能可用于显示被控量、越限报警以及提供参数记录。6.The oil mist detectors continuously( ) the crankcase atmosphere

5、 via a pipe system and move it past a sensitive and accurate opacity measuring track.A.detractB.extractC.pump upD.pump down答案：B解析：mist：薄雾；detector：探测器；atmosphere：大气；via：通过；sensitive：敏感的；accurate：精确的；opacity:不透明；track：跟踪，轨迹，轨道；detract：减损；extract：提取【译文】：油雾浓度探测器连续地吸取曲柄箱内的空气，经过管系，通到一个灵敏精确且不透明的测量单元。7.The

6、 operating medium for control systems may be( ).A.compressed airB.hydraulic oilC.electricityD.Any of the above.答案：D解析：medium：中等，介质；hydraulic：液压的【译文】：控制系统的工作介质可以是压缩空气、液压油或电力。8.The system will include various( )such as low tank level alarms and remote operation of tank outlet valves in the events of a

7、 fire.A.switchesB.panelsC.alarm unitsD.safety devices答案：D解析：various：各种各样的；event：事件，过程；panel：面板【译文】：该系统包括各种安全装置，如油舱低位报警和防火用的速闭阀等。9.The word “off-limit” may mean( ).A.off-setB.off-stateC.within limitsD.beyond the limit答案：D解析：单词“off-limit”的意思是超出了限制。10.The word “offset” most probably means( ).A.predeter

8、mined valueB.measured valueC.off-limitD.sustained deviation答案：D解析：offset：剩余偏差；sustain：承受，维持；deviation：偏差【译文】：剩余偏差这个词最可能表示持续的偏差。11.The( )is a crystal which, under pressure, produces an electric current which varies with the pressure.A.alternatorB.glass thermometerC.bourdon tubeD.piezoelectric pressur

9、e transducer答案：D解析：crystal：晶体；vary：变化；alternator：交流发电机；thermometer：温度计；bourdon：波登管，弹簧管；piezoelectric：压电；transducer：变换器，传感器【译文】：压电式传感器是一种晶体，其在压力作用下能产生电流，电流大小随压力变化而变化。12.This arrangement is( )if the elements are directly connected to one another and the control action takes place without human involve

10、ment.A.a manual closed loopB.a manual opened loopC.an automatic closed loopD.an automatic opened loop答案：C解析：arrangement：布置，安排；involvement：参与，涉及；manual：手册，手动的；loop：回路【译文】：如果控制回路中，部件与部件之间直接相连，无需人为介入就能产生控制作用，这种控制形式就是自动闭环控制。13.TWO STEP CONTROLER ACTION is mainly( ).A.proportional controlB.integral contr

11、olC.derivative controlD.on-off control答案：D解析：proportional：成比例的；integral：积分，完整的；derivative：衍生【译文】：双位控制器的动作主要是开关控制。14.UMS stands for( ).A.ultra much spaceB.universal medium systemC.unit machined spaceD.unattended machinery space答案：D解析：UMS(Unattended Machinery Space)：无人机舱；ultra：超，过度的；uni-versal:万能的，普遍的

12、；medium:中等，介质【译文】：UMS即无人机舱。15.When two different metals are joined to form a closed circuit and exposed to different temperatures at their junctions( )which can be used to measure temperature.A.a current will flowB.a power will developC.a heat will flowD.a pressure will produce答案：A解析：form:形成；circuit

13、：回路；junction:连接，交界【译文】：当两种不同的金属连接形成封闭回路，当其感受的温度不同时，其连接处会产生电流，该电流可用来测量温度。16.Which kind of the following controllers is the most sophisticated controller?( )A.Proportional controllerB.Integral controllerC.Derivative controllerD.PID controller答案：D解析：sophisticated：复杂的，尖端的；Proportional:成比例的；integral:积分，完

14、整的；derivative：衍生；PID:比例积分微分控制【译文】：下述哪个控制器是最复杂的控制器？比例积分微分控制器。17.Which of the following is operated from the main engine room console on an automated vessel?( )A.Fire pump and lube oil pumpB.Lube oil pump and distilling plantC.Distilling plant and shaft alley doorD. 答案：A解析：console：控制台；alley：小巷；fix:固定【

15、译文】：在自动化船舶上，消防泵和滑油泵是由机舱集控室来操作的。18.( )control system is one in which the control action is independent of the output.A.Feed backB.Negative feed backC.Close loopD.Open loop答案：D解析：independent：独立；feed：供给；negative：负的；loop：回路【译文】：控制作用与输出量无关，这种控制系统是开环控制。19.Which of the followings is NOT the advantages of t

16、he remote control and automation of engine operations?( )A.Routine supervisory labor particularly the unproductive night-service labor is reducedB.Engine mal-operation is automatically sensed and mannedC.The engine room need be manned at night in bad weather or close watersD.Some remedial measures c

17、an be taken automatically答案：C解析：advantage：优点；routine：例行，日常的；supervisory：监督的，管理的；un-productive：不生产的；remedial:补救的【译文】：下述哪项不是发动机遥控和自动化的优点？机舱在恶劣天气以及狭水道需要有人晚上值班。20.Which of the listed devices is used to measure pressure and convert it to an electrical signal?( )A.TransducerB.ReducerC.TransformerD.Rectifi

18、er答案：A解析：convert：转换；transducer：变换器，传感器；transformer：变压器；rectifier：矫正器，整流器【译文】：(压力)传感器能测量压力，并能将之转换成电信号。21.With regards to fluid flow control, an advantage of pneumatic control systems over e-lectrical control systems is( ).A.practically no limit to the power available for a given systemB.no transmissi

19、on lossesC.low energy inputD.continued control through temporary electrical power losses答案：D解析：fluid:流体；advantage：优点；pneumatic：气动；practically：实际地；availa-ble：可用的；transmission：传输；temporary：临时【译文】：对于流量控制，气动控制系统与电动控制系统相比前者的优点是能在短暂的断电情况下仍能保持控制。22.You must take good care of the drainage cock of the air co

20、ntrol system.Because( ) leads scale formed which might malfunction the pilot control valve and otherinstruments.A.the temperatureB.the rustC.the pressureD.the humidity答案：D解析：drainage：放残水；scale:结垢；form：形成；pilot：先导，引水员，控制的；rust：铁锈；humidity:湿度【译文】：必须仔细保养控制空气系统的放残考克，因为水分会引起水垢形成，从而使控制阀和其他仪表出现故障。23.“Offse

21、t” is an inherent characteristic of which of the following types of control modes?( )A.Two positionB.ProportionalC.ResetD.Rate答案：B解析：offset:剩余偏差；inherent：固有的；characteristic：特征，特有的；propor-tional:成比例的【译文】：下列哪种类型控制方式中的剩余偏差是其固有特性？比例控制。24.In a pneumatic automation system, a unit producing a signal to gov

22、ern the position of the controller of the measured variable, relative to the value of the measured variable,is said to have( ).A.reset actionB.proportional actionC.two position actionD.rate action答案：B解析：pneumatic：气动；govern:控制，管理；variable；可变的；proportional：成比例的【译文】：在气动控制系统中，某单元能够产生与测量变量的值有关的信号，以调节测量变量

23、控制器的位置，该单元具有比例作用。25.In an automation system, the effect of a control action sensed by a controller is known as( ).A.command inputB.set point signalC.outputD.feedback答案：D解析：command：命令；feedback：反馈【译文】：在自动化系统中，控制作用的效果被控制器感测，这种(现象)称为反馈。26.Remote control means that the system is being controlled by the o

24、perator who is situated ( )from the system.A.automaticB.localC.remoteD.manual答案：C解析：manual:手册，手动的【译文】：遥控的意思是系统是由远离系统的操作者来控制的。27.The control mode where the position of the final control element has a linear relationship with the position or value of the controlled variable is known as( ).A.two positi

25、on controlB.proportion controlC.reset controlD.rate control答案：B解析：linear:线性；variable：可变的；proportion：比例，尺寸【译文】：最终控制元件的位置和被控量的值或位置存在有线性关系的控制方式是比例控制。28.The meat box temperature control circuit, as used in the ship service refrigeration system, is an example of( ).A.two position controlB.single speed fl

26、oating controlC.proportional controlD.reset control答案：A解析：circuit：回路；refrigeration:冷藏，制冷；float:浮动，漂浮；proportional:成比例的【译文】：应用在船舶制冷系统中的肉库温度控制回路是一个双位控制的例子。29.The quantity or condition which is measured and controlled is known as the( ).A.controlled variableB.manipulated variableC.set pointD.control po

27、int.答案：A解析：variable：可变的；manipulate：操纵【译文】：被测量和控制的状态或参量称为被控变量。30.The ratio of output response to a specified change in the input is known as( ).A.primary feedbackB.sensitivityC.deviationD.dead band答案：B解析：ratio：比；specify：指定；primary：最初的，主要的；feedback：反馈；sensitiv-ity:敏感性；deviation：偏差；band：带【译文】：输出对输入给定的变

28、化作出反应的比值称为灵敏度。31.The steady state difference between the control point and the value of the controlled variable, corresponding with the set point, is known as( ).A.dead bandB.control pointC.deviationD.offset答案：D解析：steady：稳定的；variable：可变的；corresponding：对应.band：带；devia-tion：偏差；offset：剩余偏差【译文】：对应于某给定值，

29、控制值与被控量之间稳定状态的差异称为剩余偏差。32.The two most common gases used in pneumatic systems are( ).A.compressed air and nitrogenB.helium and nitrogenC.oxygen and hydrogenD.oxygen and acetylene答案：A解析：pneumatic：气动；nitrogen：氮；helium：氦；hydrogen：氢；acetylene：乙炔【译文】：气动系统中最常用的两种气体是压缩空气和氮气。33.The value of the controlled v

30、ariable, which under any fixed set of conditions the automatic controller operates to maintain, is known as( ).A.set pointB.control pointC.deviationD.offset答案：B解析：variable：可变的；fix：固定；deviation：偏差；offset：剩余偏差【译文】：在任何给定的状态下，自动控制器动作来维持被控变量的值称为控制值。34.Which of the following definitions can be used to def

31、ine the term “offset” as a characteristic of controller action?( )A.The period of time in which the set point and the control point coincideB.The periodic change between the set point and the control pointC.The variable difference between the set point and the control pointD.The constant difference

32、between the set point and the control point答案：D解析：definition：定义；define：给下定义；term：术语，期，把称为；offset：剩余偏差；characteristic：特征，特有的；coincide：相吻合；variable：可变的；constant：恒定的【译文】：下列哪项描述能够用来定义作为控制作用特性的“剩余偏差”这个术语？设定值和控制值之间恒定的差值。35.A viscosity regulator used for an engine is usually provided in order to.( )for an

33、engine burning heavy fuel oil.A.regulate the fuel supplyB.maintain a constant fuel viscosity at the fuel valvesC.maintain efficient coolingD.alter the fuel density答案：B解析：viscosity：黏度；regulator：调节器；constant：恒定的；alter；改变；density：密度【译文】：黏度调节器在发动机燃用重质燃油时能保持喷油器处燃油黏度的恒定。36.Modern handheld digital tachomet

34、ers operated by counting light pulses returned to the unit by( ).A.the tach generatorB.either the coupling or shaftC.a small bulb attached to the shaftD.a piece of reflective tape答案：D解析：handheld：手持的；digital：数字的；tachometer：转速表；coupling：联轴节；bulb:灯泡(状)；attach：附属，相连；reflective：反射的，反映的；tape：带，卷尺【译文】：现代手持

35、数字测速仪通过计算由反光带发射回来的光脉冲来工作。37.Pyrometers commonly found on diesel engine exhaust systems, consist of( ).A.pyrostats and a voltmeterB.a gas-filled bellows, a tube and a pressure gaugeC.thermocouples and a voltmeterD.ammeters and thermocouples答案：C解析：pyrometer：排温表，高温计；bellow：波纹管；thermocouple：热电偶【译文】：高温计常

36、用于柴油机排气系统，由热电偶和伏特计组成。38.The seven segment arrangement for numerical display on consoles, test meters and other applications can be either( ).A.UJT or BJTB.BCD or OCDC.JFET or IGFETD.LED or LCD答案：D解析：segment：段，部分；arrangement：布置，安排；numerical：数值的；display：显示；console：控制台；application：应用；LED：发光二极管【译文】：应用在控

37、制台、测试表和其他装置上的七段式数字显示装置可能是发光二极管或液晶显示器。39.Which of the general advantages listed does the electrical pyrometer have over the mechanical pyrometer?( )A.When heated, it will move proportional to the amount the metal has lengthened or expanded.B.The pointer associated with the pyrometer scale can be made

38、 to also measure engine RPM.C.It can be utilized in exhaust manifolds and heat exchangers interchangeably.D.It can indicate temperature at a distant point from the source of heat.答案：D解析：advantage：优点；pyrometer：排温表，高温计；proportional：成比例的；polnter:指针；associate：使联系；scale：结垢；utilize：利用；manifold：总管；intercha

39、ngeably：可互换地【译文】：电子高温计相对机械高温计的优势在于前者可以在离热源较远韵地点指示温度。40.In order to ensure the safety of the ship and its equipment during UMS operation, certain essential functions( ).A.must be providedB.may be providedC.have providedD.can be provided答案：A解析：UMS(Unatlencled Machinery Space)：无人机舱；essential：基本的【译文】：为了

40、确保无人值班期间船舶及其设备的安全，必须提供某些必要的功能。41.Diesel engine automated control systems may utilize sensing devices of dual function, with sensing ranges providing both alarm and engine shut down capability.Which of the key points listed would only require an alarm sensor?( )A.Lube oil pressure and temperatureB.Ja

41、cket water pressure and temperatureC.Engine over-speedD.Lube oil sump level答案：D解析：utilize；利用；dual：双的；range：范围；capability：能力；sensor：传感器；sump：油底壳【译文】：一般来说，曲柄箱油底壳滑油油位监测装置只需要具备报警功能。42.Engine protection by means of an alarm or shutdown control can be obtained with devices that are sensitive to( ).A.tempe

42、ratureB.pressureC.engine speedD.All of the above.答案：D解析：obtain：获得；sensitive：敏感的【译文】：通过对温度、压力和转速等参数的感应设备产生报警和停车动作来获得对发动机的保护。43.If the main engine of an unattended engine room shuts down automatically, it will be indicated by an alarm( ).A.at each control stationB.in the chief engineers quartersC.in t

43、he captains quartersD.All of the above are correct.答案：D解析：quarter：四分之一【译文】：如果无人机舱中的主机自动停车，每个控制站、轮机长和船长房间都会有警报。44.Main engine room control console alarms are to be of the self monitoring type, meaning that an open circuit to a particular alarm circuit will( ).A.cause an alarm conditionB.secure power

44、to the indicatorC.secure power to the monitored deviceD.automatically reclose within 10 seconds答案：A解析：console：控制台；monitor:监测；circuit：回路；secure：安全的，固定，封停(炉)；indicator：示功器；device：设备【译文】：主机控制台警报器须为自监控型，意思是某特定警报器的回路断开就会引起警报状况。45.The mode of control employed by an alarm circuit is a( ).A.two position con

45、trolB.signal speed floating controlC.proportional speed floating controlD.reset control答案：A解析：employ：应用；circuit：回路；float：浮动，漂浮；proportional：成比例的【译文】：警报电路所使用的控制模式是双位控制。46.The purpose of an oil mist detector in a main propulsion diesel engine is to warn of( ).A.excessive mist density in the crankcases

46、B.excessively high crankcase vacuumC.excessively high bearing temperatureD.excessive carbon buildup in the lube oil答案：A解析：mist：薄雾；detector：探测器；density:密度；vacuum:真空；carbon:碳；buildup：建立【译文】：主推进柴油机油雾探测器的用途是防止曲柄箱中油雾浓度太大。47.Control of the main propulsion diesel engines can be shifted from the engine room

47、 to the wheelhouse from the( ).A.wheelhouse control stationB.engine room control stationC.captains officeD.chief engineers office答案：B解析：shift：转换，班次【译文】：在机舱集控室应能将主推进柴油机的控制从机舱控制切换到驾驶台控制。48.In the event of minor emergencies when the machinery spaces unattended, ( )will be informed of malfunctions in the machinery by his cabin monitor.A.the chief engineerB.the engineer on cabin watchC.the bridge officer on watchD.the master