新概念英语第一册-语法练习(四).doc

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1、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-date新概念英语第一册-语法练习(四)新概念英语第一册 语法练习(四)新概念英语第一册 语法练习(四)新概念英语第一册学习资料免费下载：vickey新概念英语新概念英语第一册视频免费下载：vickey新概念英语视频新概念英语第一册语法：现在完成时现在完成时构成：主语+助动词have, has+过去分词用法：1) 表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作，常和just, usua

2、lly, already, since等时间副词连用。I have just had lunch. (饱了，不用再吃了。)He has had a cup of tea.(不渴了，不用再喝。)They have already had their holiday. (不能再度假了。)The boy has already read the book. (已经知道书的内容了，不用再看了。)2) 询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时：Have you finished your homework?Have you been to Beijing?Have he seen the film?3) 表

3、示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作I have lived in Beijing for twenty years.I have worked for this school for 1 year.4) 表示一种经历，经验：去过地方，做过事情，经历过事情I have never had a bath.I have never seen a film.I have never been to cinema.I have ever been to Paris.Have been to表示去过，have gone to 表示去了I have been to London.(人已经回来)He has go

4、ne to London.(人还在那里)5) 表示一种结果， 一般不和时间副词联用I have lost my pen.I have hurt myself.He has become a teacher.She has broken my heart.句型变化：变疑问句将助动词移到句首，变否定句在助动词后面加not.Have you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I have. / No, I have not.特殊疑问句What have you done?What has he done?一般过去时与现在完成时的区

5、别：凡是有明确的表示过去的时间状语的句子为过去时。注意：有些动词表示的动作有一个终点，不能再延续，因此不能和表示一段时间状语连用。错：Ive left Beijing for 3 days.对：I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being for 3 days.练习题考查过去分词的典型考题1.Now that weve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions _?A.takingB.takeC.takenD.to take【解析】C。由于名词decisi

6、on与动词take之间为被动关系，所以只能选过去分词taken，其中taken用作定语，修饰名词decision。句意为：我们已经讨论了我们的问题，人们对作出的决定会满意吗？又如：We couldnt agree on any of the problems discussed.我们未能就所讨论的任何问题达成协议。2.For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit _ on his own farm.A.grownB.being grownC.to be grownD.to grow【解析】A。由于名词fresh fruit与动词grow

7、之间为被动关系，所以首先可排除选项D。而B和C虽然可以表示被动，但与句意不吻合，因为being grown表示一个正在进行的被动动作，to be grown表示一个尚未发生的被动动作，均不合题意。3._ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.A.Being bittenB.BittenC.Having bittenD.To be bitten【解析】B。根据句意，句子主语the postman与动词bite之间为被动关系，所以首先可排除选项C；再根据句意（尤其是注意关键词twice

8、）可知，表示正在进行选项A和表示将要发生的选项D均不合题意。全句意为：邮递员被狗咬了两次之后要我们把狗拴起来，不然就不给我们送信了。4._ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top ofMountTai.A.To be triedB.TiredC.TiringD.Being tired【解析】B。首先要注意tired与tiring的意思有区别：前者表示“感到疲劳的”，后者表示“令人疲劳的”或“累人的”，根据句意，显然不宜用tiring，故可排除C；由于是与形容词短语short of breath相并列，

9、所以应选形容词tired。句意为：虽然累得上气不接下气，但安迪和鲁比是最先到达泰山山项的。5.Michaels new house is like a huge palace, _ with his old one.A.comparingB.comparesC.to compareD.compared【解析】D。compared with为英语惯用表达，其意为“与相比”。又如：Compared with many women, she was indeed very fortunate.和许多女人相比，她的确算是很幸运的了。6.With the governments aid, those _

10、 by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.A.affectB.affectingC.affectedD.were affected【解析】C。根据句意和空格后的介词by短语可知，空格处应填一个表被动意义的选项；同时由于句子中已有谓语have moved，所以空格处不能再用谓语形式，而应用非谓语形式，故选C。过去分词短语affected by the earthquake在句中用作定语，修饰those，句意为：在政府的帮助下，那些受地震影响的人搬进了新家。7._ not to miss the flight at 15:20, th

11、e manager set out for the airport in a hurry.A.RemindingB.RemindedC.To remindD.Having reminded【解析】B。此题考查的是remind sb not to do sth（提醒某人不要做某事），因句子主语the manager与remind之间为被动关系，所以remind要用过去分词，即选B。为便于理解，此题可改写为：As the manager was reminded not to miss the flight at 15:20, he set out for the airport in a hur

12、ry.8._ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow the international stars.A.GivingB.Having givenC.To giveD.Given【解析】D。因动词give与句子主语these teenage soccer players之间为被动关系，所以要用过去分词given。为便于理解，此题可改写为：If these teenage soccer players are given the right kind of training, they m

13、ay one day grow the international stars.9._ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.A.Being encouragedB.EncouragingC.EncouragedD.Having encouraged【解析】C。根据句意和空格后的介词by短语可知，空格处应填一个表被动意义的选项，故可排除B和D；而选项A为现在分词的被动式，除表示被动外还表示动作在进行，与句意不符，故也排除。10.Every evening after dinner, if not _ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.A.being tiredB.tiringC.tiredD.to be tired【解析】C。此题从四个选项来看是考查非谓语动词的用法，但本质上是考查省略结构，句中的if not tired from work为if Im not tired from work（如果我下班回来不是很累的话），其中的tired已转化为形容词。-