小学英语知识材料资料大全.doc

#+ 小学英语知识大全 一、疑问词：What什么 Where在哪里 When 什么时候Who谁 How怎样 Why为什么Which哪一个Whose谁的How many多少个How much多少钱 What time什么时间What colour什么颜色What’s the weather什么天气 二、第三人称单数：除你我之外的一个人, 如：he, she, my sister, my brother, my uncle, John 等 be动词：am, is, are: I 专用am；碰到单数用is；碰到复数用are 三、四个不同时态的主要结构 1. 将来时： be going to+动词原形+将来时间 表示打算与will、want to用法相同 I am going to. I am going to take a trip next week. he/ she/ it等单数 is going to My mom is going to buy a dictionary this afternoon. You/ we/they等复数 are going to We are going to visit grandparents tonight. 2. 现在进行时：be doing 表示正在做，句中一般有Look，now 如： I am reading stories. My father is reading a newspaper now. Look! The monkey is swinging. They are watching TV in the living room. Maybe our cat is chasing a mouse now. 3.一般现在时： 三单+动es/s 不是第三人称单数时用动词原型句中一般有usually\often\sometimes\everyday 如：My new pen pal lives in Shanghai. Miss Lin teaches English. Mike studies Chinese at school. Mike usually goes to bed at 9:00. My sister usually reads English at 7:00 比较：Sarah is watching TV at 9:00. Sarah 9:00时正在看电视 Sarah is going to watch TV at 9:00. Sarah打算在 9:00看电视 Sarah often watches TV at 9:00. Sarah（常常）在 9:00看电视 4.一般过去时：主语+动词过去时+过去时间 I rode a bike yesterday. He cleaned the bedroom last night. We went shopping last weekend. 四、 like/likes+动ing I like playing football. He likes reading books. 五、元音字母：a，e，i，o，u an interesting film, an old man, an egg, an elephant, an English teacher, an English book, an air-conditioner, an e-mail特殊a university student. 六、can, can’t, did, didn’t, does ,doesn’t , do, don’t let’s , to, must，should，why not，后的动词用原形 七、one two three four five six seven eight nine ten, eleven, twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety 八、26字母的默写和听写 九、人称代词、物主代词 主格 I he she it they we 宾格 me him her it them us 形容词性所有格 my his her its their our 名词性所有格 mine his hers its theirs ours 主格用于动词前，宾格用于动词后； 形容词性所有格后接名词，名词性所有格不能接名词。如：It is my book. The book is mine. 十、名词的复数形式：①一般加s;②个别加es，如：tomatoes, potatoes;③特殊的，如：脚foot-feet, 鹅goose-geese, 牙齿tooth-teeth，老鼠mouse-mice④单数数同行：鱼fish,绵羊 sheep；人people 十一、国家、国旗、代表城市、标志建筑 美国（New York） 美国自由女神像 英国（London） 英国大本钟 伦敦大桥 澳大利亚（Sydney） 悉尼歌剧院 加拿大 加拿大国家电视塔 America England Australia Canada 十二、介词： on+星期/具体的日子 on Sunday, on the weekend. on the left在左边 on the right在右边 It’s on the second floor. on February 21st. at在…时间点或地点 at 6 o’clock Turn left at the cinema.在电影院左转 Turn right at the hospital.在医院右转 with 和、用 I go to the supermarket with my mom和play with snow The elephant is drinking water with its trunk.用象鼻喝水 for 为，给 thank you for coming感谢到来 a bike for three people I want to buy gifts for my mum.给妈妈买礼物 Grandpa, let me read this for you. in上下午，in月 in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;但是this morning\this afternoon\tomorrow前不加in 十三、区别以下内容 then然后 hobby爱好 buy买feel感觉 get on上车turn left左转 traffic lights交通灯 near附近 than比 happy 快乐 by乘 fail失败get off 下车turn right右转 traffic rules交通规则 next to相邻 always总是＞usually通常＞ often 经常＞sometime有时＞never从不; teacher,教师teachers教师们 teach,教 teaches教(第三人称单数形式) play football\play bastetball\play ping-pong与play the piano\play the violin\play the pipa \play the erhu 十四、hospital-doctor-nurse-ill -hurt; fisherman-sea-fish ；post office-post card -post man-letter信; cleaner-clean streets; cinema-film电影 shop-store商店； 十五 、用 Can 、Do、 Does 、Did、Is、 Are 、Was、Were、Would提问，回答用Yes\No，并带回提问词。 Yes=sure, No=sorry 特殊：Can I help you?---Yes, please. I want some apples./ No, thanks. Would you like some soup?---Yes, please./No, thanks. Are you a student?—Yes, I am./ No, I am not. 回答用Yes或No的一般疑问句： ①Would you like some milk?—Yes, please./ No, thanks. ②Is your mother an English teacher?---Yes, she is./ No, she isn’t. Is John watching TV? –Yes, he is./ No, he isn’t. Is your birthday in May?-- Yes, it is./ No, it isn’t. Is this the teacher office?—Yes, it is./ No, it isn’t. Is that the computer room? —Yes, it is./ No, it isn’t. Is it cold? —Yes, it is./ No, it isn’t. Is there a cinema near the bookstore?—Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t. ③Are there any trees on the mountain?—Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t. Are you from China?—Yes, I am./ No, I am not. Are they your teachers?—Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t. Are these elephants? —Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t. Are those tigers? —Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t. ④Can I speak to your mom, please?—Sure. Hold on, please. Can I help you?—Yes, please. I want a pair of shoes. Can I go on foot?—Sure, if you like. Can you tell me something about your day?—Sure. Can you read English?—Yes, I can./ No, I can’t Can I wear my new dress today?—Yes, you can./ No, you can’t. ⑤Do you have lunch at school?—Yes, I do./ No, I don’t. Do you have a computer room?—Yes, we do./No, we don’t. ⑥Does she teach you math?—Yes ,she does./ No, she doesn’t. She teaches me Chinese. Does your father go to work on foot?—Yes, he does./ No, he doesn’t. ⑦ Did you like it?---- Yes, I did./ No, I didn’t. I didn’t like it. Did you see a film?—No, I didn’t see a film./ Yes, I did. I saw an interesting film. ⑧ Was it interesting?----Yes, it was./ No, it wasn’t. 六年级上册第一单元重点： 1.方位介词：in on under near ~next to behind between in front of above far from 2.地点：pet hospital post office cinema science museum crossing school factory zoo park bank bookstore区别library police station Palace Museum on the left/right 3.重点句型： Excuse me. Where is the museum shop?----It’s near the door. It’s over there. Where is the post office?----It’s next to the museum. Where is the cinema?----It’s next to the bookstore. Where is the restaurant?----It’s next to the park on Dongfang Street. How can we get there?---Go straight first. Then turn left/right at the hospital. How can I get to the cinema?---You can go there by the No.901 bus. How can he get there from the post office?----First, go straight. Then turn right at the cinema. After that,… 有（存在）There is a/an +单数名词或不可数名词 There are +复数名词 有…吗？Is there a/an…----Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t. Are there any +名词复数…----Yes, there are./No, there aren’t. 4.感叹句：What a/an 形容词+名词！ What a great museum! What an interesting film! 5.其它重点句型： Follow me, please. I don’t know. I want to send it today. I want to buy a postcard. She wants to work in an office. The new GPS works.起作用 He works in a hospital. 工作 We are in front of the cinema. We are behind the hospital. The bookstore is next to the post office. My home is between the park and the bank. There is a hospital next to the cinema. 六年级上册第二单元重点： 1.交通方式：by bus, by train, by subway, by ship, by plane, by bike, by taxi, by car, on foot=walk走路, by sled, by ferry 2.重点句型 How do you come to school? ---- Sometimes, I come by car. But I often come by subway.. How do you go to school?---- I often go to school by bike. 交通方式放在句子的末尾 How do you get/go there?—By bus. go to=get to, 在there、here、home前省略to How do you get to the USA from China?—By plane. 从中国去美国你怎么去？ How does WuYifan go to the park?---- He usually goes by bus. How does the girl’s father go to work?----He often goes to work by subway. How can I get to the Fuxing Hospital?----Take the No.57bus over there.=You can go by the No.57 bus. Usually I walk to school.= Usually, I go to school on foot. I must pay attention to the traffic lights. In the USA people on bikes must wear a helmet. You must slowdown and stop at a yellow light. You must stop and wait at a red light. = Don’t go at the red light. You must go at a green light. =Don’t stop at the green light. You must wear a life jacket by ferry. 救生衣 In Alaska, USA, some kids go to school by sled. 地点由小到大排列 Some children go to school on foot in Munich, Germany. kids=children Grandpa, let me read this for you. That’s good exercise. That’s nice. That’s interesting. 六年级上册第三单元重点：将来时态的运用be going to=will=want to 1. 未来时间： this morning, this afternoon, this evening, tonight, this weekend, tomorrow next weekend next week next Sunday 2. to后面可以用的活动：see a film, take a trip go to the supermarket/cinema/hospital visit grandparents wash clothes draw pictures make a snowman go for a picnic go boating, go hiking, go skating, go swimming= swim, climb mountains, watch TV, fly kites 3. dictionary，comic book, word book, postcard 4. 重点疑问句型: 注意What … going to do/ buy/ be? 未来时间直接加在活动后面，未来时间前面不能加介词on或in What are you going to do tomorrow?----I’m going to have an art lesson tomorrow. What are you going to do in your lesson?----We’re going to draw some pictures in Renmin Park. What are you going to buy, Sarah?----I’m going to buy some word books. What are they going to do this morning?----They are going to visit grandparents this morning. What is Mike going to do this weekend?----He is going to buy his favourite comic book. What are John and Jack going to do next week?----They are going to see a film about space travel. What am I going to do next Sunday?----You are going to read stories. What are you going to be?----I am going to be a scientist. Where are we going tonight?----To the bookstore. I’m going to buy a new comic book. Where are you going?----We’re going to the cinema. When are you going?----Next Wednesday. Who are you going with tomorrow?---With my mother. Can I help you?----Yes. I want… Do you have comic books?—Yes! Here they are.它们在这 4.其它重点句型： I have to do my homework now. 现在我不得不做作业了，to后接动词原形 It’s half price then!那时是半价。 I have lots of comic books. lots of=a lot of许多 Why not go on Tuesday? 为什么不在周二去呢？ Why not后接动词原形 My cousin Jack is going to visit me next week. My family is/are going to get together and have a big dinner My aunt is going to make mooncakes. Robin and I are going to read a poem. Will将会，后接动词原形 My grandma will tell us a story about Chang’e. 奶奶将会给我们讲关于嫦娥的故事 tell story, tell stories 讲故事 We will all be together tonight. 今晚我们会聚在一起 be together = get together.聚会，聚集 His family will get together. 他的一家会聚在一起 She’ll be here today. 她今天会来这里 I am going to teach him the Chinese song＂Jasmine Flower＂！我打算教他中国歌曲“茉莉花”。 I want to be a businessman.我想要成为一位商人。 了解：In the UK and Australia people drive on the left side. 在英国和澳大利亚你在左边开车。 In China and America people drive on the right side. 在中国和美国人们在右边开车。 六年级上册第四单元重点：like+动ing、 动词的第三人称单数形式 1. like/likes 后的动词：①末尾双写: swimming, running ②末尾去e：write-writing ,dance-dancing, use-using ③直接加ing：singing English songs, doing word puzzles, doing kung fu, climbing mountains , listening to music, drawing cartoons, watching TV, flying kites, playing sports, reading stories, playing football/basketball/baseball/ ping-pong, playing the erhu/violin/ piano/pipa 2.关于爱好的句型： 复数的爱好What are your hobbies?—I like dancing and singing. =My hobbies are dancing and singing. What are Peter’s hobbies?----He likes doing kung fu and swimming.= His hobbies are… What are your sister’s hobbies?----She likes doing word puzzles and drawing cartoons.=Her hobbies are… 单数的爱好What’s your hobby?----I like reading stories. =My hobby is reading stories. What is Miss White’s hobby?----She likes dancing Does he live in China?--- Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. He lives in Australia. Does he live in Sydney?----No, he doesn’t. He lives in Canberra. 用Does提问时，句子里的动词用原形 Does he like doing word puzzles and going hiking?---Yes, he does. Does Oliver do word puzzles every day?----Yes , he does. He does word puzzles every day. I also like doing kung fu.=I like doing kung fu, too. 我也喜欢练功夫 Can I also be his friend?---Sure. Why not? 用Can提问时，句子里的动词am变回原形be What are you doing?----I am writing an email to my new pen pal in Australia. 正在做… 3.about的用法①关于：learn about robots学习关于机器人的，talk about chocolates 谈论关于巧克力的，a story about chang’e, a film about space travel What this cartoon about?—It’s about a cat.②大约 about 3 o’clock 4.重点：动词第三人称单数形式的用法：①y改成ies： study Chinese-studies Chinese, fly kites-flies kites ②加es：teach-teaches， watch TV-watches TV，do homework-does homework, does word puzzles, wash clothes- washes clothes, go to school-goes to school goes hiking ③ 直接加s：likes , lives ，cooks Chinese food, reads stories, wants to，stays healthy ④have-has 动词的第三人称单数形式常用于一般现在时态，表示这个动作发生的频率，句子中常常有usually，often，sometimes， everyday，或者这个动词本身有隐含着一定的频率，比如：live居住，teach教，study学习, want to想要stay保持。在一般现在时态里的第一人称的用法和第三人称的用法就像转述句子一样。举例说明： Amy: I usually go to school on foot. → Amy usually goes to school on foot. I often read books and do homework on the weekend.→He often reads books and does homework on the weekend. Sometimes I go hiking.----Sometimes he goes hiking. I teach English in a school.—Miss White teaches English in a school. I live in Australia, but I study Chinese.---John lives in Australia, but he studies Chinese. He works very hard and stays healthy. 他工作勤奋并保持健康 He has a very healthy life.他有一个健康的生活 He studies very hard and he wants to work in a university.他学习很勤奋并且他想在大学工作。 Sarah wants to work in an office. Robin wants to be a scientist. Sarah likes using computers. The cat chases the mice. 六年级上册第五单元重点： 1. 职业：① businessman-businesswoman, fisherman- fisherwoman , policeman -policewoman, postman, milkman, ②scientist, pilot, coach, doctor, nurse ③cleaner, singer, factory worker, football player, police officer, taxi driver, writer, 2. 重点句型： What does your father do?---He’s a businessman. What is your father’s job?工作—He’s a teacher. What does your mother do?---She’s a head teacher. What does he do?----He’s a pilot. What does Jiao Jie’s mother do?----She’s a factory worker. Where does he work?---He works at sea./ He works at a university. Where does your father work?—He works in a gym. He’s a coach. Where does Guo Wei’s uncle work?---He works on a plane. He’s a pilot./ He works on a boat. He’s a fisherman. Where does Ann work?----She works in a science club. She is a scientist. How does he go to work?---He goes to work by bike. How does your aunt go to work?----She goes to work by subway. How does Mike go to school?---He goes to school by bike. How does Dad feel?---He’s not well./ He feels sad. When does he go to work?---He goes to work at 6:00. Do you want to be a secretary?---No, I don’t. I want to be a pilot. 转述：He wants to be a pilot. want/wants to be a …想成为一位… you can be a …可以成为一位… good at擅长… 六年级上册第六单元重点： 1. 情绪状态的词：angry，worried, afraid, sad, happy, bad糟糕 sorry歉意 身体感觉：hungry，ill, warm, cold, bad, tired疲劳 Sarah is angry. I am happy. They are afraid. My parents are worried. Sarah and Tom are sad. Everyone is happy. 2. 对...生气：be angry with+宾格人称代词I am angry with