2022年高考英语中需要注意的几点用法 .pdf

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1、读书破万卷下笔如有神would rather 与 Its time. 后的句子均用虚拟语气would rather 后句子用虚拟语气: would rather 后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，具体用法为：1一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望I d rather you went tomorrow (now). 我宁愿你明天(现在 )去。I d rather you came next Saturday. 我宁愿你下星期六来。I d rather you were happy. 我愿你快乐。I d rather she sat next to me. 我宁愿她挨着我坐。I d rather

2、 Jack left on an earlier train. 我宁愿杰克乘前一班火车走。You always go without me and l d rather you didn t. 你总是不带我去，我可不愿意你这样。“ Shall I open the window? ” “ I d rather you didn t. ”“我要不要把窗子打开? ” “我看不要打开好。 ”2. 用过去完成时表过去的愿望I d rather you hadn t said it. 我真希望你没有这样说过。I d rather you hadn t done that. 我宁愿你没这样做。l d ra

3、ther you had been / hadn t been present。我(宁) 愿你当时在场/ 不在场。l d rather he had told / hadn t told me about it 我 (宁) 愿他告诉了/ 未告诉我这件事。Katie went by car and I d rather she hadn t. 凯蒂是坐汽车去的，我宁愿地不坐汽车去。It s time后后的从句用虚拟语气一、基本用法从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来，有时也用过去进行时或“should+ 动词原形 ”(较少见，且 should 不能省略 )，其意为 “(早)该干某事了 ” ：It

4、s time we ordered dinner. 现在该叫菜了。I think it s time you went to bed. 我想你该睡觉了。It s time we went were going, should go. 我们该走了。It s time you washed those trousers. 你该洗洗那条裤子了。I m getting tired. It s time we went home. 我累了，我们该回家了。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 6 页读书破万卷下笔如有神I think it

5、 s time they were taught a lesson. 我想现在该给他们一点教训了。It s time someone spoke up for the less privileged in our society. 应该有人为我们社会中较不幸的人说说话了。It s time you looked ahead and made plans for your retirement. 是你为以后想一想并对退休后的生活做出安排的时候了。二、同义表达该是孩子们上床的时间了。It s time the kids were in bed.=It s time for the kids to

6、be in bed.三、两点说明(1) time 前有时有about 和 high 修饰：It s high time we left. 我们早该动身了。It s high time you bought a new car. 你该买辆新车了。I think it s high time that she made up her mind. 我想她该拿定主意了。It s high time they began to take you seriously. 现在他们应该开始认真对待你了。(2) 与其他的虚拟结构不同，该结构不能在该用was 时而用 were：It s time I was in

7、 bed. 我该上床睡了。(不用一、后接动词原形后接动词原形，表示“ 宁愿做某事 ” 。如： Id rather be told the truth than be lied to. 我宁愿听真话，不愿被欺骗。Ive already seen that film, so Id rather see another one. 我已经看过那部电影了，所以还是看部别的吧。Ill go if youre going. If not, Id rather stay at home. 你去我就去，否则我宁可待在家里。Id rather do it without anybodys help. 我宁愿不要任

8、何人帮助，自己干这件事。“ How about a drink?” “ Id rather have something to eat.”“喝一杯怎么样 ?”“我宁愿来点吃的。 ”注： would rather 的否定式，通常要将not 置于 rather 之后。如： Id rather not say 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 6 页读书破万卷下笔如有神anything. 我宁可什么也不说。二、后接完成式动词后接完成式动词，表示过去的想法，通常可译为“ （本来）宁愿做某事 ” 。如： We went by sea

9、, but I d rather have gone by air. 我们是乘船去的，可我本想乘飞机去。“ At that time, I would rather have been a factory worker than an animal keeper,” he said. “ 那时，我宁愿做一个工厂工人，也不愿做动物饲养员，” 他说道。三、后接从句后接从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。具体说来，有以下两种情况：1.指现在或将来用过去时。如：I would rather you didnt mention the price. 我愿意你别提价钱。Id rather you knew th

10、at now, than afterwards. 我宁愿你现在知道而不是以后。Dont come and see me todayId rather you came tomorrow. 今天不要来看我我希望你们明天来。Tomorrows difficult. Id rather yon came next weekend. 明天有困难。我希望你下周末来。“ We might go for a swim”“ No,ld rather we didnt.”“ 我们去游泳吧。”“不，我想我们最好不去。 ”“ Shall I give you a cheque?”“ I d rather you p

11、aid cash.”“ 我付给您支票行吗?”“我想您最好付现金。”Ann said that Bill wanted to go alone but that shed rather he went with a group. 安说比尔想一个人去，但她宁愿他跟一大群人一起去。2.指过去用过去完成时。如：Id rather he hadnt told me about it 我宁愿他未告诉我这件事。Kate went by car and Id rather she hadnt. 凯特是坐汽车去的，我倒愿意她不是坐汽车去的。Id rather she had asked me before bo

12、rrowing the car. 我真希望她先问我一声再借车。注：有时用于虚拟语气语境中。如：If Id lived in 1400, Id rather have been a knight 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 6 页读书破万卷下笔如有神than a monk. 如果我生活在 1400 年，我宁愿当骑士，不当修道士。If shed had a chance, shed rather have lived 100 years ago. 如果有机会她宁愿生活在100 年前。1. in case作短语连词，能引导

13、状语从句。就其词义和语法职能来分，可引导两种从句。其一：in casejust in case引导目的状语从句作“以免，以备，以防”等解。如：He takes a torch in case it gets dark before he returns Please remind me of it again tomorrow in case I forget. 请你明天再提醒我一下 ,免得我忘记。他带了手电筒，以备天黑以后回家之用。其二： in case接条件从句，意为“如果、万一”。如：In case we fail ，we wont lose heart万一我们失败，我们决不会失去信心。

14、Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot. 倘若太阳很利害，你就把帽子戴上。In case he arrives before I get back, please ask him to wait.万一我回来前他先到了 ,请叫他等我。注意: in case引出的条件从句所表示的意义是预防某种情况的出现 ;如果从句说的是一般的假设或条件 ,则要用 if。请比较 :Ill tell him about the matter if I meet him. ( 不用 in case)Take an umbrella in case it rains

15、. ( 不用 if )在上下文意义很明确时 ,有时可省去 in case后从句的内容。如 :I dont think it will rain, but Ill take an umbrella in case (it rains).2. in case of是短语介词，后接名词、动名词、代词等。它带的短语置于句末常看作目的状语，作“以免，以防”解（A） ；置于句首常视为条件状语，作“如果，万一”解（B） 。但位置不是绝对的。(A） The wall was built along the river in case of floods 沿河筑起防护墙， 以防洪水。(B) In case of

16、 rain I have an umbrella 我带了把雨伞以防下雨。(B) In case of rain they cant go. 万一下雨，他们就不能去了。(A)Turn off the TV set in case of thunderstorm. 在雷雨时 ,关上电视机。(B)In case of fire, dial 119 at once. 如果发生火灾 ,立即拨打 119。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 6 页读书破万卷下笔如有神3.in the case of，就.来说,关于。意思跟上面两个不一样了

17、。一般表示转而提及另一件事情。 In the case of woman，they have more difficulty in their job 。就女性来说，她们在工作中会遇到更多的困难In the case of his health, it is fortunate for him to have recovered from his illness like this.就他的健康状况来说 ,能恢复到这样算是幸运的了。4. in that / this case 如果那样 /这样(的话);在那种 /这种情况下In that case, wed better hold a discu

18、ssion about the problem.那样的话 ,我们最好对这一问题展开讨论。He may not be back at six. In this case we wont wait for him. 他可能六点钟回不来。要是这样 ,我们就不等他了。Failure is no shame in the case of a scientist. 就科学家来说 ,失败并非羞耻事。5. in any case无论如何 ,相当于 whatever happens.如:You should finish your composition before school is over in any

19、 case.无论如何 ,你必须在放学前完成作文。In any case, Ill come over to the office tomorrow. 无论如何 ,我明天会来办公室的。6. in no case “ 决不” ,置于句首时 ,须用倒装语序。如 :In no case shall we allow smoking in the classroom. 教室里决对不允许吸烟。In no case shall you break the rule. 你决不能违反纪律。7.such being the case既然如此 ,情况既然是这样Such being the case, I have

20、no more to say.既然如此 ,我再无话可说。Such being the case, we were very lucky to have a house of our own. 既然如此 ,我们能有一幢自己的房子就算很幸运了。8.case作动词 ,是及物动词 ,意为将装入箱子 。如:The goods have been cased up for transport. 货物已装箱待运。另外,be cased over with则是在上另加一层物质 。如:The copper was cased over with silver. 铜上镀着银。The brick wall is c

21、ased over with cement. 砖墙上涂了一层水泥。EXAMPLE:1. We have an auxiliary generator in case of power cuts.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 6 页读书破万卷下笔如有神我们有一台万一断电时使用的备用发电机。2. In case you need something, please dont hesitate to let me know.如果你需要什么东西，请不客气地对我说。3. It may rain youd better take

22、an umbrella (just) in case (it does).可能下雨 -你最好带把伞 ,以防万一（下起来） .4. In case that he leaves, please inform me.如果他离开 ,请通知我。5. In case of rain, they cant go.万一下雨，他们就不能去了。6. In case (=If) I forget, please remind me.万一我忘记，请提醒我。7. Write the telephone number down in case you forget.把电话号码写下来以免忘了。8. The doctor asked us to call him during the night except in case of necessity.医生吩咐我们，除非必须，否则不要在夜里叫他。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 6 页