2013届高考英语总复习（第1轮）江苏专版课件：M1Unit1Schoollife.ppt

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1、Unit1 School life 1、experience n. 经历， 经验by/from experience通过经验 have much/a lot of/a little/no experience有许多/有一点儿/没有经验have experience in有方面的经验have experience of (doing) sth. 有(做)某事的经验Experience comes from practice. 经验来源于实践。Have you had any experience in work of this sort? 你对这工作有经验吗？Only women with ex

2、perience of office work can apply for the position. 只有具有办公室工作经验的女士才能申请这个岗位。Please tell us your experiences of living abroad for so many years. 请向我们介绍一下你在国外生活多年的经历。experienced adj. 有经验的， 熟练的inexperienced adj. 无经验的 He is an experienced driver. 他是位熟练的驾驶员。He is experienced in looking after children. 他有照

3、料孩子的经验。He is an English teacher with 20 _. A. years experience B. years experiences C. years experiences D. years experience Dexperience当“经验”解时为不可数名词；而当“经历”讲时为可数名词。Bwhat引导的感叹句的句型为：what a(an)adj.n.(可数名词)。What _ our journey was! A. exciting experience B. an exciting experience C. excited experience D.

4、 an excited experiencea terrible experienceThe car accident was _ (一次可怕的经历) to him.2、earn vt. 赚，挣得；获得The young man earns 10,000 dollars a year. 那个年轻人一年赚10,000美元。His honesty earned him great respect. 他因诚实而获得人们的尊敬。His bad manners earned him a blame. 他因为没有礼貌而受到责备。Bwin后面跟比赛的项目或战争；beat后面往往跟人或参赛队；earn后跟报酬

5、等；gain指获得有用的或期望得到的东西，不用于与金钱有关的东西上。句意为：他没有打败我们，但他得到了很多东西。He didnt _ us but _ a lot. A. win; beat B. beat; gained C. win; gained D. earn; wonDmake/earn ones living都表示“谋生”。When he was still a boy of eight，he began to _ his living by himself. A. earn B. gain C. make D. A and CA句意：尽管他是商人，他的主要目标不仅仅是为了获得利润

6、。Businessman as he is, his main goal is not only to _ a profit(利润) A. earn B. challenge C. introduce D. develop3、respectn. 尊敬，尊重；(pl.)敬意We should show respect for those who are older. 我们应尊敬长者。The students have great respect for their history teacher. 学生们非常尊敬他们的历史老师。Give my respects to your wife. 请代我

7、向你太太问好。vt. 问候；考虑，重视I respect his courage. 我敬佩他的勇气。Ill respect your wishes. 我会尊重你的意愿。3、respectrespectable adj. 可敬的；值得尊敬的 respectful adj. 恭敬的；尊敬人的；尊重人的 be respectful to sb. 尊敬某人 have/show respect for sb. 尊重某人give/send ones respects to sb. 向某人问候A本题考查respect作及物动词的用法。Children should _ their teachers. A.

8、respect B. respectful C. respectable D. respect forBselfrespecting为形容词，“自尊的，自重的”；selfrespect为名词，“自尊，自重”，根据题干知缺少主语。_ means respecting oneself. A. Selfrespected B. Selfrespect C. Selfrespecting D. SelfrespectsDshow respect for sb. 尊重某人。The leader was very angry because no respect was shown _ him when

9、he entered the room. A. at B. of C. with D. for 4、achieve vt. 取得(成功等)，实现(目标等)He went back to London without having achieved any success. 他没有取得成功就回了伦敦。He hoped to achieve his goal by peaceful means. 他希望用和平方式实现自己的目标。Ive achieved only half of what I hoped to do. 我只实现了自己一半的目标。achievement n. C成就；U达到，实现，成

10、功 achievable adj. 可完成的，可达到的Mr. Green finally _ success. A. completed B. achieved C. got D. wonBD本题考查词义辨析。achieve the goals 实现目标； acquire 取得，获得； conclude 结束，下结论，决定。Lucy has _ all of the goals she set for herself in high school and is ready for new challenges at university. A. acquired B. finished C.

11、concluded D. achieved 5、average adj. 平均的 n. 平均，平均数；一般水平The average age of the students is 19. 这些学生的平均年龄是19岁。The average temperature in Oxford last month was 18. 牛津上月的平均气温是18。The average of 4, 5 and 9 is 6. 4、5、9的平均数是6。Toms work at school is above average. 汤姆在校的功课为一般水平以上。An average of 4 persons were

12、killed in the traffic accidents each day last year. 去年平均每天有4人在车祸中死亡。 On average she received 5 letters a day. 她平均一天收到5封信。above/below average平均水平以上/下an average of平均有 on (the/an) average平均起来 Con (the/an) average平均来说。_， there are 200 visitors to the exhibition every day. A. In average B. At average C.

13、On average D. For averageD根据句意可知为“平均花销”。The _ cost of each student in our school is 100 yuan per month. A. common B. ordinary C. regular D. averageThese marks are well . 这些分数远在平均分之上。above average6、challenging adj. 具有挑战性的，激励的It is a challenging job for me. 它对于我来说是一项激励人的工作。He is a person who likes the

14、 challenging task. 他是一个喜欢有挑战的任务的人。She challenged the newspaper to prove its story. 她要求这家报纸证实报道的真实性。The boss challenged us to finish the work as soon as possible. 老板要求我们尽快完成工作。challenge vt. 挑战，激励 challenge sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 Dchallenging意为“富有挑战性的”。challenge作动词为及物动词。Facing the _ skiing, he _ me. A

15、. challenging; challenge B. challenged; challenged to C. challenged; challenged D. challenging; challengedC本题考查形容词意义的区别。题意：我不在乎公司所提供的高薪。我需要的是一份有挑战性的工作。I dont care about the good salary offered by the company. What I need is a(n)_ position. A. creating B. awarding C. challenging D. competing7、spend v

16、t. & vi. (spends, spent, spent) 花费sb. spend time / money on sth. / (in) doing sth.某人在(做)某事上花时间/钱 He spent more than one year (in) writing a short play. 他花了一年多时间写了一个短剧。He has spent one hundred yuan on the useless magazines. 他在这些无用的杂志上花了100元。cost指花费时间、金钱，付出代价，主语为物，或it为形式主语。结构：It / Sth. costs (sb.) mon

17、ey / time (to do sth.) take指花费时间，主语多为物，或用it作形式主语。常见结构：It takes sb. some time to do sth. 另外，take和cost有时可通用。pay指某人花多少钱购买某物。常见结构：sb. pays money for sth.出钱请某人做某事，其结构为pay sb. to do sth.。spend指花费时间或钱，须以人作主语，不接to do。It _ the trousers. 买这条裤子花了我20美元。cost me 20 dollars to buyIt _ the washing machine. 修理那台洗衣机花

18、了3个小时。took three hours to fixI _ the new bicycle.我花了300元买了那辆新自行车。paid 300 yuan for8、prepare vt. & vi. 准备，把准备好； 使做好准备prepare for 为做准备，for的宾语不是这一动作的直接承受者，而是表示准备的目的，即所要应付的情况。prepare to do sth. 准备做某事be prepared to do sth. (for sth.) 已做好准备做某事prepare sb. for sth. ( prepare sb. to do sth.) 让某人为某事做准备Mother

19、was preparing supper when someone knocked at the door.(宾语必须是这一动作的直接承受者) 妈妈正在准备晚饭，这时突然有人敲门。Will you please help me prepare for/get everything ready for the party? 你能不能帮我为聚会做准备？They are busy preparing to go on vacation. 他们正忙着准备去度假。We must be prepared for failure again. 我们必须做好再次失败的准备。 preparation n. 准备

20、，预备make preparations for 为做准备in preparation 在准备中in preparation for 做的准备，为做准备prepared adj. 有准备的，准备好的be well prepared forbe well prepared to do为做好充分的准备，强调准备好这一状态be ready for be (well) prepared for 为做好准备be ready to do be (well) prepared to do 准备好做某事get (sb. / sth.) ready for (使某人)做好准备； 为准备好(某事物)C由语境可知男

21、生们已经做好准备迎接考试，所以应用be prepared for sth.；而女生仍旧在忙着准备应付考试，所以应用be preparing for sth.。The boys look very relaxed. It seems that they are already _ the test while the girls are still busy _ it. A. preparing for; prepared for B. preparing; prepared C. prepared for; preparing for D. prepared; preparingB本题考查时态

22、。问句问噪音是哪来的， 回答时很自然就会回答发生某事。只有正在准备(are preparing)才会发出噪音，一般现在时不能表示正在进行。 Whats that terrible noise? The neighbors _ for a party. A. have prepared B. are preparing C. prepare D. will prepareThe students the sports meeting.学生们为运动会做好了充分的准备。are well prepared forThe teacher _ the coming exams. 老师让学生们为即将到来的考

23、试做好准备。prepared the students for9、devote vt. 献身于，致力于，专心于； 把献(给)，献(身)devote oneself to 致力于；献身于He wanted to devote himself to abstract research. 他希望献身于抽象的理论研究。After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening. 他退休后将把精力花在园艺上。She is devoted to her husband. 她挚爱她的丈夫。 devoted adj. 深爱的，忠诚的a devoted m

24、other 慈母devotion n关爱，关照；奉献，忠诚 常见带介词to的类似结构词组有：be/get/become used to 习惯于 be related to和有联系be addicted to沉溺于；对上瘾be adapted to适应 be connected to和连在一起 be exposed to 暴露于/遭受/接触Her _ her career left her with little time to take care of her family. 她全身心投入工作，几乎没有时间来照顾家人。devotion to the children in the countr

25、yside, he gave up many chances to go back to city. 奉献在教育农村孩子的身上， 他放弃了许多回城的机会。Devoted to teaching10、 struggle vi. 斗争，搏斗； 努力，奋斗； 尽力；挣扎He failed to struggle against temptation. 他没能经住诱惑。This is the cause for which we have been struggling. 这就是我们一直为之奋斗的事业。struggle to ones feet挣扎着站起来 struggle ones way 奋力向前

26、进；向挤过去He struggled his way to make a hit in his novel. 为了使令他的小说一炮走红，他奋力写作。Dina, _ for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency. A. struggling B. struggledC. having struggled D. to struggleC分词短语作时间状语，其逻辑主语Dina与struggle为主动关系，故排除B项。由句中的finally可知非谓语动词表示的动

27、作发生在句中谓语took a position之前，故用现在分词的完成主动式。 11、encouragement n. 鼓舞，鼓励 Mothers encouragement drove him on to write better poems. 母亲的鼓励使他鼓足勇气写出更好的诗歌。 encourage/urge sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事Mom often encourages me to work hard. 妈妈常常鼓励我努力学习。谢谢你的鼓励。_Thank you for your encouragement. C过去分词作状语，表原因。_ by the advanc

28、es in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land. A. Being encouraged B. Encouraging C. Encouraged D. Having encouraged12、satisfaction n. 满意，满足 I have always one foremost satisfaction in reading your books. 读你的作品总是给我一种最高的满足。satisfy vt. 令人满意satisfied adj. 满意的satisfying adj. 令人满意的sa

29、tisfactory adj. 令人满意的to ones satisfactionto the satisfaction of sb. 使某人 满意的是be satisfied with 对满意satisfy ones demand 满足某人的需要They have 31 flavours of icecream enough to satisfy everyone! 他们有31种味道的冰激凌，足以满足每个人的口味。It is impossible to satisfy all demands. 要满足一切要求是不可能的。Dbe content with对满足，相当于be satisfied

30、withWe sat there, _ with what we listened to. A. satisfying B. to satisfy C. pleasing D. contentsatisfyThis has been done well enough to _ the market. 这方面已经做得足够满足市场(需求)了。satisfiesNick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does _ his boss. 尼克在找另一份工作，因为他觉得他做的事都不能令他老板满意。satisfacto

31、ryThe result is far from _. 结果远不令人满意。13、 approve vt. 同意；许可；对表示认可 vi. 赞成，赞同 n. 满意，满足 Father approved our plan to visit New York.父亲同意了我们参观纽约的计划。approve of sb./sth. 同意某人或某事 disapprove vt. 不同意，不赞成disapproval n. 不同意，不赞成 14、charge n. 价钱；控制；责任；照看，指控 v. 要价，收费；控诉；(公开)指责；命令；使充电；向前冲in / have charge of 掌管charge

32、 sb.money (for sth./ to do sth.) (因为某物/做某事)向某人索价/收费be charged with 被指控犯有罪charge sb. with 指控某人；赋予某人职责(或任务)14、charge n. 价钱；控制；责任；照看，指控 v. 要价，收费；控诉；(公开)指责；命令；使充电；向前冲 take charge (of) 开始掌控/负责某事 in / under the charge of 在的掌管下/由照看 free of charge 免费 Whats the charge for？ 的费用是多少？Whos in charge around here?这

33、儿谁负责？The grocer charged me too much for the apples I bought. 这个食杂店老板卖给我的苹果索价太高了。She was charged with stealing a car.她被指控偷了一辆小汽车。Does your car battery charge easily?你那辆汽车的蓄电池容易充电吗？charge尤指为提供某种服务而收取的费用，指卖方开出的价钱。cost一般指已花费或将要花费的总数，尤指“成本”，包括钱、时间和劳力。expense主要是“花费”、“开支”之意，如：current expenses “日常开支”，sellin

34、g expenses “销售费用”，travelling expenses “旅行费”等。price意为“价格，价钱；代价”，作为“费用”解时指买某件东西所需要的费用或在酒店中的房租。fare用于乘飞机、火车、公共汽车等旅行的费用。fees(复数)专业服务、课程等的费用。rent通常指房租；租/雇用汽车的花费是rental。Din charge of 掌管； in/under the charge of 在的掌管下。 Who is in _charge of the factory? It is in _ charge of my brother. A. the; / B. the; the

35、C. /; / D. /; thewill take charge of the department tomorrowKen _. Ken明天开始负责这个部门。expenses句意：每月1000千美元并不是一笔大财富，但也足够帮助支付我的生活开支了。根据句意填词One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living _. with句意：昨晚他们逮捕的那人被控犯有谋杀罪。The man they arrested last night has been charged _ murder. char

36、ged句意：饭店收了我们40美元的酒水钱。The restaurant _ us $40 for the wine.charge句意：在10英里范围以内，您的订货将免费送货上门。 Your order will be delivered free of _ within a tenmile limit. 1、 for free 免费地，相当于free of charge, without payment He got the tickets for free.他免费弄到了这些票。free adj. 自由的； 空闲的； 不收费的 adv. 免费地freely adv. 免费地；自由地，无拘无束地

37、；自愿地He freely admitted his failure. 他心甘情愿地承认了自己的失败。请猜测下列句中free的具体含义A. 自由的B. 空闲的C. 不收费的Will you be free at the weekend? I want to invite you to a party. ( )Sign the form, and you will get a free gift. ( )He was no longer a slave, but a free man. ( ) BCA2、for example 例如， 举例来说For example, John has the

38、same opinion. 例如，约翰也持相同的观点。Some students, for example, Tom, live in the neighborhood. 有些学生，例如汤姆，也住在附近地区。这两个短语都有“例如”之意，通常用来举例。for example作为独立语插入句中，它的位置很灵活，可用在所举的例子(一般是一个)的前面或后面。such as用来列举事物(一类)，放在被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，as之后不可有逗号。A lot of us want to leave now for example, Bill. 我们中有许多人想离开，例如比尔。He knows sever

39、al foreign languages, such as English，French and German. 他懂几门外语，如英语、法语和德语。Noise, _， is a kind of pollution.A. such as B. take for exampleC. like D. for exampleD3、 know of 听说过或读到某人/某事/知道某人，某事的存在I knew of it long ago.我很久以前就听说过此事。I know of him, but I cant really say that I know him.我听说过他，可是我不能说我认识他。kno

40、w 表示直接地“认识”“知道”具体的人或事。know of 表示间接地“了解”“听说”“知道有关的情况”。know about 与know of意义相同，但about有时表示了解的情况更多，更详细。 be known as作为而出名be known for因而出名He is known as a writer. 作为一名作家，他非常有名。Weifang is known for the kite. 潍坊因为风筝而出名。 Do you _ Mr. Smith? No, I just _ him. A. know; know B. know of; know about C. know; know

41、 of D. know about; knowCknow of 听说过；know sb.熟悉某事，了解某人。4、pay attention to 注意(to为介词)You should pay more attention to your pronunciation. 你应该多注意你的发音。He talked loudly, but no one paid him any attention. 他大声喧哗，但是没有人注意他。B题意表示“孩子们的注意力突然被吸引到那个过路人身上”，可用draw attention to sb.结构。句子中who引导的定语从句含有had和wore两个并列的谓语动词

42、，都需用过去时，因此答案选B。The childrens attention was suddenly _ the passerby who had a funny hat on and _ strange clothes. A. drawing to; wearing B. drawn to; wore C. drawn; wearing D. drawing; woreDpay attention to中的to是介词，后面通常接名词或动名词；get sth. ready 把准备好。Pay attention to _ everything ready before dark. A. get

43、 B. make C. making D. gettingHe also told us that the best way to earn respect was to devote ourselves to study and achieve high grades.他还告诉我们最好的赢得尊敬的办法是全身心地投入学习之中并获得高分。(1)way表示“方法、途径”时常用不定式或of后加动名词作定语，有时用that或in which引导定语从句，且in which可以省略。Farmers thought of ways to protect their chickens. 农民们想办法来保护小

44、鸡。Mr. Wang has a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting. 王先生有一种奇特的方法使他的课堂生动、有趣。(2)to devote ourselves to study and achieve high grades为并列不定式作表语。To see is to believe.(或Seeing is believing.) 眼见为实。My hope is to become an excellent teacher. 我的理想是成为一名优秀教师。B句意：你想出的完成这项计划的方法是可行的。The way _

45、 you thought _ the task is possible. A. that; finishing B. which; of finishing C. how; to finish D. how; of finishing in whichI dont think the way _ _ you speak to your parents is right.1. Dearn ones living 自谋生计。1You are old enough to _ your own living.(2011辽宁) A. win B. gain C. take D. earn2. Dabov

46、e average 在平均水平以上。根据前后句意可知。2He was a good student and scored _ average in most subjects.(2011天津) A. below B. of C. on D. above3. D句意：临床证据不断增加，表明那些新的药物有着比由动物实验中预测到的更广泛的用途。3Clinical evidence began to _， suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from e

47、xperiments in animals. (2011湖北) A. operate B. strengthen C. approve D. accumulate4. A根据this summer，可知用将来进行时态。4. Guess what, weve got our visas for a shortterm visit to the UK this summer. How nice! You _ a different culture then. (2010福建) A. will be experiencing B. have experienced C. have been expe

48、riencing D. will have experienced冠词 英语中 常 用 来 表 特 指 ， 意 思 相 当 于this(these)/ that(those)的前位限定词the是定冠词。 a(n)与数词one 同源， 常表类别，被修饰词具有不确定的含义，是“其中一个”的意思。a用于辅音音素前， 而an则用于元音音素前。a/an为不定冠词。一、定冠词the在下列情形中使用1表示第二次提及或双方都知道的人或物。2表示世界上独一无二的天体。3用于单数可数名词前面， 表示某一类人或事物。4用于形容词、分词前， 表示一类人。5用于序数词及形容词或副词的最高级前。6和姓氏复数连用，表“一家

49、人”或“夫妇二人”。7放在“海洋、河流、岛屿、山系、沙漠及由普通名词构成的国名”前。8放在娱乐场所或媒体前。 9放在宾馆前。10放在报纸前。 11放在大型的组织机构及其缩略语前。12放在人名前加以强调和特指。13表示发明物。14放在西洋乐器名称前。15用于“打/击/牵/拉的动词人介词定冠词身体的部位”句式。16表示具体某年的某个季节或月份，季节或月份前需用定冠词。二、不定冠词常用于下列情形中1当可数名词单数第一次出现时， 用a(n)表示不确定的某个人或物，兼有类别和数量的含义。2可数名词单数第二次出现，但前面有形容词，仍然用a(n)修饰名词，表达“受限制”的新概念。3用于可数名词单数前， 代表

50、一类人或事物， 相当于any。4用于可数名词单数前， 相当于one, per或every，表频率。5. a(n)用于be of n.结构，说明事物具有同一属性，相当于the same，表示“相同”的意思。6用于固定搭配。7物质名词或抽象名词前用a/an，表示种类。8人名前用a(n)，表示说话者不熟悉的人，相当于“a certain”。9表示与某名人有类似性质的人或事物。10用于可数名词单数前，表示数量。11序数词前面加不定冠词a(n)表示“再一，又一”之意，数字的顺序意义淡化。12. 形容词最高级前加不定冠词a(n)表示“十分，非常”之意，最高级意义淡化。三、不用冠词的情形如下1在抽象名词前不