高考英语语法专题复习拓展资料之连词 讲义.docx

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1、词类 连词（一）连词：连接单词、短语、从句或句子的词，叫作连词。 连词是虚词，不能单独充当句子成分。一.并列连词 二.从属连词 一.并列连词：用来连接平行的词、词组或句子 1.表示“并列”的有and(和)，both . and . (和)，not only . but also . (不仅而且), neither . nor . (既不，也不)等。(1)在否定句中列举并列成分不用and，而要用or。He cant read or write. Theres no air or water there. 有时也可以用and no来表示。Theres no air and no water the

2、re. (2)在“祈使句and简单句(一般将来时)”结构中祈使句表示条件，相当于if引导的 条件句，整个句子可以改为含if的复合句。Now stop blowing and youll find the glass clear again. If you stop blowing, youll find the glass clear again. (3)not only . but also . 连接两个并列成分，可以连接并列主语、并列谓语、 并列表语、并列宾语等。She can speak not only English but also French. The pianist not

3、only gave them a lot of advice but also played some wonderful pieces for them. She is not only our teacher but also our friend. 注：当not only. but also . 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则， 如：Not only the teacher but also students are interested in it. =Not only students but also the teacher is interested in it

4、.当Not only. but also . 连接两个并列句时， not only后面的句子要倒装。 如：Not only did he encourage me, but also helped me a lot. 2表示“选择”关系的连词有or (或者)，not . but . (不是而是)，otherwise (否则)，either . or . (或者或者)等。Is it Lucy or Lily? It is either too cold or too hot here. (注：当either . or . 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则，如：Either you

5、 or Ann is going to the city. Either Ann or you are going to the city.) 词类 连词（二）连词：连接单词、短语、从句或句子的词，叫作连词。 连词是虚词，不能单独充当句子成分。一.并列连词 二.从属连词 一、引导名词性从句的从属连词主要有that, what, whether, if, how, why, where, when等。可引导主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。 1、that不充当句子成分，而且没有词义，在句子中只起连接的作用。 e.g. That he had won the prize made us s

6、urprised. He said that he would go with me. The reason for his absence is that he was ill. 2、what在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，表示“什么”。 how, why, where, when在从句中充当状语。 e.g. What he said was right. Pick yourself up. Courage is doing what youre afraid to do. I wonder how Mary has kept her figure after all these years.

7、 3、if, whether虽不充当句子成分，但有词义，即表示“是否” e.g. I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. So whether life will continue on earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.二、引导状语从句的从属连词1when, while, before, after, since等，引导时间状语从句。When the teacher came in, Jim was drawi

8、ng a horse on the blackboard. Her uncle has lived in that street since he came to this city. 2because(因为)，as(由于)，since(既然)等引导原因状语从句。She wanted to see the doctor because her back hurt. I must stop writing now, as I have quite a lot of work to do. Since a lot of people make mistakes in life, Mr Smith

9、wanted to give John a chance. 3. if(如果)，as/so long as (只要)，once (一旦)等引导条件状语从句。If you dont go soon, youll be late. As/So long as you understand, we shall say no more about it. Once you start a task, you must bear it through. 4though, although(虽然，尽管)，even if/though, while等引导让步状语从句。Though I like speaki

10、ng English, I dont like writing it very much. While we are neighbours, I dont know them well. 5.so . that . (如此以至于), so that, such . that . 等引导结果状语从句。We were so busy talking that I forgot to pay. She spoke at the top of her voice so that the students at the back heard her. 6in order that/so that(为了)

11、引导目的状语从句。in order that/so that引导的目的状语从句中一般有can, could, may, might等情态动词。Jack worked hard so that he might get a good job. He gets up early in the morning so that he can catch the early bus. 7as/so . as . (和一样)，than(比)等引导比较状语从句。Tom walks as fast as Mike. I know you better than she does. 8引导方式状语从句的从属连词主要有as, as if, as though等。You should do as I do. Treat your time as if someone is paying for it, someone is. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司