2022年人教版八年级下册英语语法解析知识重点总结.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载新目标英语八年级 下 重点短语及句型总Unit 1 Will people have robots. 1. fewer people 更少的人（ fewer 修饰名词复数,表示否定）2. less free time 更少的闲暇时间（less 修饰不行数名词,表示否定）3. in ten years 10 年后（ in 的时间短语用于将来时,提问用 How soon ）4. fall in love with 爱上 例： When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love

2、with him at once. 当我第一次见到许老师,我立刻爱上他；5. live alone 单独居住live alone/ go alone 等）6. feel lonely 感到孤独（比较：The girl walked alone along the street, but she didnt feel lonely. 那女孩独自沿着街道走,但她并不感到孤独；7. keep/ feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪8. fly to the moon 飞上月球9. hundreds of + 复数 数百 /几百（概数,类似仍有 thousands of; millions of

3、 ）10. the same as 和 相同11. A be different from B A 与 B 不同= There is a difference/ Thgere are differences between A and B 名师归纳总结 12. wake up 醒来 wake sb. up 表示 “唤醒某人 ” tired/ 第 1 页,共 36 页13. get bored 变得厌倦（ get/ become 是连系动词,后跟形容词如angry/ excited 等）14. go skating 去滑冰（类似仍有go hiking/ fishing / skating/ bi

4、ke riding 等）15. lots of/ a lot of 很多（修饰可数名词、不行数名词都可以）16. at the weekends 在周末17. study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习18. agree with sb. 同意某人 的看法 19. I dont agree. = I disagree. 我不同意；20. on a piece of paper 在一张纸上（留意paper/ information/ news/ work/ homework/ housework 等常考到的不行数名词）21. on vacation 度假22. hel

5、p sb with sth/help sb do sth. 帮忙某人做某事- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载23. many different kinds of goldfish 很多不同种金鱼24. live in an apartment floor 住在 12 楼住在公寓里； live on the twelfth 25. live at NO.332,Shanghai Street 住在上海路 332 号26. as a reporter 作为一名记者27. look smart 显得精神 /看起来聪慧28. Are you

6、 kidding. 你在骗我吗？29. in the future 在将来 /在将来30. no more = not anymore 不再（强调多次发生的动作不再发生）31. no longer = not any longer 不再（强调状态不再发生）32. besides （除 之外仍,包括）与 33. be able to 与 can 能；会except = but （除 之外,不包括）（ be able to 用于各种时态,而can have to 用于各种时态,而must 只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态中；只能用于一般现在时态）例如： I have been able to/

7、will be able to speak two languages. （不行以用 can ） had to stay at home/ will have to （不行以用 must ）34. be big and crowded 大而且拥挤34. be in college 在上高校35. live on a space station 住在空间站36. dress casually 穿得很随便； casual clothing 休闲服饰37. win the next World Cup 赢得世界杯； win award 获奖38. come true 变成现实39. take hun

8、dreds of years 花几百年的时间40. be fun to watch 看起来好玩41. over and over again 一次又一次42. be in different shapes 外形不同43. twenty years from now 今后 20 年本单元目标句型：1. What do you think life will be like in 1000 years. 2. There will be fewer trees、 more buildings and less pollution in the future. fewer ； less 表示否定之意

9、,分别修饰可数名词和不行数名词；more 二者都可以修饰；3. Will kids go to school. No, they wont/ Yes, 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 36 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载they will ；4. Predicting the future can be difficult. 5. I need to look smart for my job interview. 6. I will be able to dress more casually. 7. I think Ill g

10、o to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I might even visit Australia. 8. What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now. 9. That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago. 本单元语法讲解：一般将来时 1. 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态；本时态标志词

11、： 含 tomorrow; next 短语；in + 段时间； how soon ； by + 将来时间；by the time sb. do ； 祈使句句型中： or/ and sb. will do ； 在时间 /条件状语从句中,假如从句用一般现在时,主句用将来时； another day 比较 be going to 与 will: be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情,will 表示的将来时间就较远一些；如： He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day. 2. be going

12、to 表示依据主观判定将来确定发生的事情,will 表示客观上将来势必发生的事情；He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old. 3. be going to 含有 “方案,预备 ”的意思,而 will 就没有这个意思,如：She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour. 4. 在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用 be going to, 而多用 will ；如：and help you. If any beasts com

13、es at you, Ill stay with you 把握了它们的这些不同,你就能很好的区分 5. 祈使句句型中：or/ and sb. will do 例： Be quick, or you will be late = If you dont be be going to 与 will 了；quick, you will be late 6. 在时间 /条件状语从句中,假如从句用一般现在时,主句用将来时 Unit 2 What should I do. 名师归纳总结 1. too loud 太大声第 3 页,共 36 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - -

14、 - - 2. out of style 过时的学习必备欢迎下载3. in style 流行的4. call sb. up = ring sb. up = call/ ring/ phone sb. 给 打电话5. enough money 足够的钱 enough 修饰名词时不必后置 6. busy enough 够忙 enough 修饰形容词或副词时必需后置 7. a ticket to/ for a ball game 一张球赛的门票留意： the key to the lock/ the key answer to the question/ the solution to the pr

15、oblem. 此处几个短语不能用 of 表示全部格8. talk about 谈论9. on the phone 用电话10. pay for 付款11. spend on +sth. = spend in doing sth. 在 花钱12. It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花 的时间13. borrow from 从 借 借进来 14. lend to 把 借给 借出去 15. You can keep the book for a week 你可以借这本书一周； （不用 borrow 或 lend ）16. buy sth. for sb. 为

16、 买东西17. tell sb. to do/ not to do sth. 告知某人做某事18. want sb. to do sth. = would like sb. to do 想某人做某事19. find out 发觉；查清晰；弄明白20. play ones stereo 放录象21. fail the test = not pass the test 考试不及格22. fail in doing sth. 在 上失败 ,变弱23. succeed in doing sth. 在 方面胜利24. write sb a letter/write to sb. 给某人写信25. sur

17、prise sb. 使某人惊讶（类似有：surprise/ interest/ please/ amaze + 某人）26. to ones surprise 使某人惊讶的是 27. to ones joy 使某人兴奋的是 28. look for a part-time job 29. get/ find a part-time job 找一份兼职的工作（不肯定有结果）找到一份兼职的工作（有结果）名师归纳总结 30. ask sb. for 寻求 /向某人要某物第 4 页,共 36 页31. have a bake sale 卖烧烤32. argue with sb = have an ar

18、gument with sb.与某人争执33. have a fight with sb. = fight with 与某人打架- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 34. drop off 学习必备欢迎下载离去；散去；逐步削减;死去35. prepare for = get ready for 为 做预备36. after-school clubs activities 课外俱乐部（活动）be/ get used to doing 习惯做某事used to do 过去常常 /常常做某事be used for doing = be used to do s

19、th. 被用于做某事37. fill up 填补；装满 ；be full of 装满38. return sth. to sb. = give sth. back to sb. 把某物归仍给某人39. get on/ along well with 与 相处很好40. all kinds of 各种各样41. as much as possible = as much as you can 尽可能多42. take part in = join in 参与（某种活动 /集会）43. a bit = a little 一点儿（当修饰形容词或比较级时）44. a bit of = a little

20、 一点儿 /一些（当修饰不行数名词时）45. be angry with 生 的气46. by oneself = on ones own 某人自己 /独自地47. on the one hand 一方面48. on the other hand 另一方面49. I find/ feel/ think it difficult to do 我发觉 /感到 /认为做某事很难；50. see/ hear/ watch sb. doing sth. 看到 /听见 /凝视某人正在做 51. not until 直到 才（谓语动词一般是非连续动词）52. 表示某人心情有关的形容词用法 : be/ bec

21、ome + upset/ tired/ excited/ interested/ worried/ surprised/ amazed/ annoyed 说明：当主语是某人时,留意后面的形容词一般是-ed -ing 结尾单词 .）结尾的单词, 而当主语是某物时或修饰名词时,留意后面形容词一般是例如 : I was surprised/ interested/ amazed when I heard the surprising/ interesting/ amazing news. 名师归纳总结 53. radio advice program 电台提建议的节目第 5 页,共 36 页54.

22、be original 新奇的55. leave something somewhere 把某物忘在某处56. sports clothes 运动服57. the same age as = as old as 和 年龄一样58. the tired children 筋疲力尽的孩子59. complain about doing sth. 埋怨 60. take their children from activity to activity 带着孩子参与一个接一个的活动- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 61. try to do sth. 学习必备

23、欢迎下载试着干某事尽量干某事； try doing sth. 62. be under too much pressure 压力太大63. a mother of three 三个孩子的妈妈64. take part in after-school clubs 参与课后俱乐部65. compepition starts from a very young age 66. compare with 和 比较 67. organized activities 有组织的活动 本单元目标句型：竞争从很小年纪就开头了1. Whats wrong with you./ Whats the matter.

24、2. What should I do. 我该怎么办？3. You could write him a letter. 你可以给他写封信；You should say sorry to him. 你应当给他赔礼；4. They shouldnt argue. 他们不应当争执；5. Why dont you talk to him about it. = Why not talk to him about it. = You should/ could talk to him about it. = What/ How about talking to him about it. = Youd

25、better talk to him about it. 6. The parents try to fit as much as possible into their kids lives. 7. Activities include sports, language learning, music and math classes. Thirty people, including six children six children included, went to visit the factory. 8. People shouldnt push their children so

26、 hard. 9. Parents are trying to plan their kids lives for them. When these kids are adults, they might find t difficult to plan things for themselves. Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived. 1. in front of 在 的前面（外部）,in the front of 在 的前面（内部）名师归纳总结 2. in the library 在图书馆第 6 页,共 36 页3. get ou

27、t of/ get into 出 之外 /进入4. sleep late 睡懒觉； sleep well 睡得好； get to sleep = fall asleep 睡着5. walk down/ along 沿 走- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载6. take off 飞机 起飞；脱下（衣帽）7. on Sunday evening 在星期日晚上留意 :（特指某日如星期、假日、某月某日或某个特定的上、下午、晚上用 on）8. in the tree 在树上； on the tree 在树上9. take photos 照相10

28、. at the train station 在火车站11. run away 跑开,逃跑12. as + adj. 原形 as 和 一样 例如： She is not as beautiful as her sister. I can run as fast as he him 13. buy/ draw/ make sth. for sb. 为某人买 /画/制作14. walk home 走回家15. in history 在历史上16. for example 例如17. in the city of 在 市18. on the playground 在操场上19. ten minute

29、s ago 特别钟前20. take place 发生（强调必定性）21. happen to sth./ sb. 发生（强调偶然性）例如： What has happened to you. = Whats the matter with you. = Whats wrong with you. 22. of course = sure = certainly 当然23. all over the world = around the world 遍及全世界24. outside/ inside the station 在车站外 /内25. next to 相邻,紧贴26. close to

30、 接近于；在邻近27. be ill in hospital/ bed 生病住院 /卧床28. hear about/ of 听说（间接听到）29. in silence 缄默不语； keep silent 保持缄默30. an unusual experience 一次不平常的经受31. have fun doing sth. 干某事有乐趣； have difficult time doing sth. 干某事有困难32. have meaning to 对 有意义33. become the first Chinese astronaut in space 34. a national h

31、ero 一个民族英雄成为中国第一个太空宇航员名师归纳总结 35. be famous all over the world 全世界出名第 7 页,共 36 页36. for the first time 第一次- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 本单元目标句型: 学习必备欢迎下载What were you doing when I arrived/ at that time/ at 8:00 last night/ from 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday. 1. I was doing sth. when + 一般过去时的时间状语从句

32、2. How about = What about .3. While sth./ sb. was doing sth., I was doing sth. .4. 当不明飞行物着陆时,你正在干啥？UFO landed. What were you doing when the 5. 当妈妈正在做饭时, 我在看电视； While my mother was cooking, I was watching TV. 6. I was walking down the street when a UFO landed right in front of me. 7. You can image ho

33、w strange it was. 8. I followed to see where it was going. 9. Isnt that amazing. 10. She didnt thinking about looking outside the station. to get out of the bed. 11. I was so tired this morning. It was difficult 12. Liu Xiang won the gold medal at the 2004 Olympics. 13. Beijng was made host to the 2

34、022 Olympics. 14. People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history. 15. This was one of the most important events in modern American history. 16. Even the most everyday activities can seem important. 17. Our teacher asked us to stop what we were doin

35、g and listen. 18. However, in more recent times, most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was destroyed by terrorists. 19. Not all events in history are as terrible as this, of course. hours. 20. His flight around the Earth lasted about 22 本单元语法讲解 过去进行时（ P

36、ast Progressive Tense）句型 S + was/ were + V-ing 例 1：She was doing her homework at 8:30 yesterday 昨天傍晚八点半她正在做家庭作业；evening 例 2：We were having supper at that time 那个时候我们正在吃晚饭 解说：如例 1 所示,在单句中使用过去进行时来表达时必需把该动作正在进行中的时间名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 36 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 说明清晰,否就就不合规律了；例如：I 学习必备欢迎下载was t

37、aking a bath yesterday. （错）（昨天我正在洗澡 昨天 24 小时都正在洗澡吗？）所以本句应当如例 1 来表达,或者用一般过去时表达如下：I took a bath yesterday. 昨天我洗了澡假如由上下文的文意,或者对谈中的话意可以明白“动作正在进行中的时间”,单句里就使用过去进行时来表达是很一般的,例如：A： I called you up yesterday evening. B： Did you. At what time. A： At around ten oclock. 大约在十点钟；B： Oh, I was taking a bath then. 哦,

38、当时我正在洗澡；过去进行时在表达上常用的句式是如例 2 所示和另一个一般过去时的动作相搭配；请观看下面的图解说明：过去有二动作 A 和 B（如图示）,在 B 动作发生时稍早发生的 A 动作正好在进行中,所以这种表达法通常都是复句（主句+ 副词从句）；例如：When I got up this morning, Mother was preparing breakfast in the kitchen. 今日早上我起床时妈妈正在厨房里预备早餐； ,”是副词从句； “ Mother . ”是主句, “ when 常用于修饰过去进行时的时间副词：过去的某肯定点时刻（ at + 过去的时刻） ,the

39、n = at that time 那时,当时 ,all + 时间, “ When / While / As ”等副词从句, etc Unit 4 He said I was hard-working. 名师归纳总结 1. every Saturday 每周六第 9 页,共 36 页2. first of all 第一3. both and 两者都（谓语动词要留意对称原就）4. neither .nor 两者都不（谓语动词要留意就近和对称原就）5. most of 绝大多数6. an exciting week 令人兴奋的一周7. agree on something 同意某人的方案；对 取得

40、一样看法8. agree to do sth. 答应 /同意做 9. pass on to 传递10. be supposed to do sth. 被期望或被要求做 11. be mad at 对 疯狂 /愤怒12. do better in = be better at 在 方面做得更好13. be in good health 身体健康- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 14. report card 成果单学习必备欢迎下载15. sound/ feel/ smell/ taste/ look 是连系动词,一般只能跟adj. 做表语16. soun

41、d like/ feel like/ smell like/ taste like/ look like 听起来像 /感觉像 / 闻起来像 /尝起来像 / 看起来像 + sb. sth. 17. get over 克服；复原；原谅18. open up 打开 /绽开 /开发 /揭露19. care for 照管；照管；意愿；计较20. have a surprise party for sb. 为某人举办一次（惊喜 聚会21. end-of-year exam = final exam 期末考试22. not anymore 不再23. do a home project 做作业24. be

42、surprised/ happy/ excited to do sth. 25. be/ get nervous 感到紧急做某事感到惊奇、兴奋、兴奋26. have a very hard time with 在 日子不好过27. an disappointing result 令人扫兴的结果28. take/ leave a message 捎（留）个口信29. have a big fight 30. it is a good idea for sb. to do sth. 31. to teach in Chinas rural areas 32. feel lucky 33. peop

43、le who need help 需要帮忙的人34. something we can do for them 我们能为他们做的事35. there is no difference between 36. Groups and the work they do Groups The work they do and 在 和 之间没有区分Greenpeace Cares for“ Mother Earth”Doctors Without Borders Helps sick people in poor countries UNICEF Helps children in poor countries WWF Cares for wild animals in danger 37. the Hope Project 期望工程38. fortunately 本单元目标句型：转述他人话语 : What did sb. say. He said I . She said she . They said .1. 许老师告知我徐梦蝶会说二种语言；could speak three languages. Mr. Xu told me that XuMengdie