2022年初中英语三年知识点汇总.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 中学英语三年学问点汇总资料学习必备欢迎下载Many a student has passed the exam；第 1 页,共 35 页等作主语时,谓语动词的数取决于该代词所表示的意义是单数仍是复数；练习：Unit 1-Unit 2 His parents are young, but mine are old. 1The news for my brother ；6 以 s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义时,谓语动词通常用单A. are B. were C. be D. is 重点句型数形式,如news,physics,polit

2、ics ,maths 等；2A boy with two dogs when the earthquake rocked the city ；1. My name s Jenny. I m Gina. Nice to meet you. No news is good news. Physics is the most difficult subject for A. were sleeping B. is asleep 2. Whats your/his/her name. My/His/Her name is . him. C. was sleeping D. are asleep 3.

3、What s your/his/her family/first name. 7 由 or,either or ,neither nor ,not only but also 等词3Everyone except Tom and John there when the meeting 4. Whats your telephone number. It s 218-9176. 连接名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的数和最接近的主语一样；began；5. What s his/ her telephone number. Neither you nor Li Hua has been to Shan

4、ghai before. A. are B. is C. was D. were 6. Whats this/that in English. Its a ruler. 8 以 there,here 开头的句子,如主语不止一个,其谓语动词的4Neither he nor I from Canada；We are from Australia ；7. Is this/that your pencil. Yes, it is./No, it isn t. 形式和邻近的那个主语一样；A. is B. are C. am D. be 8. How do you spell pencil./Spell

5、pencil./Can you spell pencil. There is a table and four chairs in the room. 5Jim works hard on his Chinese and ；9. Is that your computer game in the lost and found case. Here are some books and paper for you. A. so Lucy does B. so is Lucy 10. Call Alan at 495-3539. 9 trousers,clothes,glasses,compass

6、es,chopsticks 等作主语时,C. so does Lucy D. so Lucy is 重点语法谓语动词用复数； 但假如前面有a pair of 短语时,谓语动词用单数；6Jenny and her parents going to visit the Palace Museum be 在一般现在时中的基本用法：I 用 am, you 用 are, is 跟着他她Jims trousers are brown. The pair of glasses is Mr. Green s. tomorrow ；. 它； He ,she ,it 用 is, we, you they 都用 a

7、re；单数名词用is,复数10 由“a lot of/lots of/plenty of+名词” 或“ 分数+名词” 作主语A. is B. am C. are D. be 名词都用 are；时,谓语动词的单复数依据名词的单复数而定；7Henry,with his friends ,volleyball every afternoon ；be 的几种形式： is, am, are being was, were been A lot of people have been to London. A. play B. plays C. has played D. have played 主谓一样

8、：Three-fifths of the water is dirty. 8Fish and chips the most take away food in England ；主谓一样的15 种常考情形：11 “ a number of + 复数名词” 作主语时,谓语动词用复数；“ the A. are B. is C. were D. was 1 表示时间,重量,数目,价格,长度,数学运算等的词或短number of+ 复数名词” 作主语时,谓语动词用单数；9My family early in the morning ；语作主语时,尽管他们是复数形式,但假如把这些复数形式的词A grea

9、t number of birds fly to the south in winter. A. get B. gets C. has got D. have got 或短语看作是一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式；The number of lions does not change much if people leave things 10Maths my favorite subject ；Two months is quite a long time. Twenty dollars is enough. as they are. A. be B. is C. am D. are 2 动词不

10、定式,动名词,从句或不行数名词作主语时,谓语动12代词 something,anything ,nothing ,everyone,anybody ,nobody ,11. How time flies. Three years really a short time. 词用单数；each, neither,either, little ,much, one 等作主语时,谓语动A. is B. are C. was D. were To see is to believe. It is not easy to master a foreign language. 词用单数形式；12. liu

11、Xiang and Yao Ming are world-famous sports stars. Of 3 由 and 连接两个成分作主语时,要依据其表示的意义来打算Neither of us is a boy ；them are the pride of China. 谓语动词的形式；假如其表示的是一个整体的概念或指的是同一Each of them has an English dictionary ；A. Both B. Neither C. All D. None 事物,谓语动词用单数,假如其表示的是两个不同的对象时,谓One of the students was late for

12、school ；13. Are the twins on the football team. 语动词用复数；13All ,some none,most,any 等代词作主语时,如其指复数概-No, neither of them on the team. The writer and the teacher are coming. 念,谓语动词用复数形式；如其指单数形式,就谓语动词用单A. is B. are C. were D. be The poet and teacher is one of my friends. 数形式；14. Not only his parents but al

13、so his grandfather to a lot of 4 集合名词 people,police 一般看作复数意义,其谓语动词用复Not all work is difficult；places of interest in our country since hey came here. 数；另外一些集合名词family , enemy,class,army 等作主语时,Not all the students are here；A. has gone B. has been C. have gone D. have been 谓语动词是用单数仍是复数,要依据这些词在句中的实际含义而1

14、4有些形容词前面加上定冠词the,如 the poor,the old,the yong ,15.There are enough in the fridge. We don t need to buy any. 定；当他们表示的是整体意义时,谓语用单数；当他们强调个体the rich ,the dying 等用来表示一类人时,主语为复数意义,谓A. milk B. tomatoes C. tomatos D. apple 成员时,谓语动词用复数形式；语动词用复数；16. A report says hundreds and thousands of trees in the In Engla

15、nd, people eat fish and chips. The old are good taken care of；Amazon rainforest last year. The Chinese people（民族） is a great people. 15Many a 意为“ 很多” ,但因后面跟的是单数名词,谓语动词应A. was cut down B. have been cut down 5 名词性物主代词mine,yours,his, hers, its, ours,theirs用单数形式；C. were cut down D. had been cut down - -

16、 - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Units3-4 复习要点学习必备欢迎下载第三人称himself themselves 数练一练：herself 1、介绍家庭成员1、按要求写出相应人称代词；itself This/That is my sister/brother/motherI（ 宾格）_ she（ 形容词性物主代词） _ we反身代词在句中可作宾语、同位语、表语等,在使用时应留意它These/Those are my parents/grandparents（名词性物主代词）_ he（复数）和它所指代的名词和代词在人称、性、数上的一样性；Is this

17、/that your sister/brother it is./No, it isnt._ us（单数） _ theirs（主格）Little Jimmy can dress himself now ；Are these/those your parents/grandparents ._ its（宾格）小吉米现在能自己穿衣服了；（作宾语）Yes, they are. /No, they arent. 2 、想一想,把下表补充完整；The boy in the picture is myself ,not anyone else；There are 3/4/5 people in my fa

18、mily. They are my father, my 3、用所给词的适当形式填空；照片上的男孩不是别人,正是我自己；（作表语）mother, and I.I myself made the mistake about your address ；2、关于方位介词或短语我自己把你的地址搞错了；（作同位语）表方位的介词或短语有：in,on ,under,behind,near,next to,in front 四、指示代词of,across from,指示代词是用来指示或标示人或事物的代词,表示“ 这个My book is on my desk, my pen is in my book（些）

19、” “ 那个（些） ” ,他们主要有：Where is the backpack/pencilIt . s in/on/under .1）That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ 单数复Where are the books/pens/ballsThey are in/on/under .is very big. I 近指this 这个these 这些3、把 带去给某人take to e.g:Please take these thingsto your 2）The dress is _. Give it to _. she sist

20、er.把 带来给某人bring to e.g:Can you bring myhomework to school.二、代词 有两种：人称代词和物主代词； 1、人称代词分为：第一、其次、第三人称,且有单复数之分；2、人称代词的主格在句中做主语,一般用在动词前 （疑问句除外） ；宾格在句中做宾语,多用于动词、介词后；3、形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用,后面肯定要跟名词,表示 该名词是属于谁的；4、名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词；如：This is my bag. = This is mine. That is her ruler. = That is hers. 一般看后面有没出名词,如

21、有,就用形容词性物主代词；如无,就用名词性物主代词；3）Is this _ watch. you No, its not _ . I 远指 that 那个 those 那些4）_ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look. Those 1. this, these往往指时间或空间较近的人或物；that,those可指时stamps are _. he 间或空间较远的人和物；5）_ dresses are red. we What color are _. you This gift is for you and that one is for your broth

22、er. 6）Show _ your kite, OK. they 这件礼物是你的 ,那件是你弟弟的 .this 近指 ,that 远指 7）I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are I like these games but Idon t like those. _. it 我宠爱这些嬉戏 ,但不宠爱那些 .these 近指 ,those 远指 8）Are these _ tickets. No, _ are not _. 2. that,those 常常用来代替前面已提到过的名词 ,以防止重复；_ arent here.

23、they those 代指复数形式,that 代指单数形式；9）Shall _ have a look at that classroom. That is _ The computer works faster than those we bought last year ；classroom. we 这些运算机比我们去年买的工作速度快；10）_ is my aunt. Do you know _ job. _ a nurse. she The life in the country is more peaceful than that in the city；11）Where are _.

24、 I cant find _. Lets call 乡村生活比城市的生活要寂静；请牢登记表：_ parents. they 对于上文中所提到的事物,英语中常用that 或 those 表示,而12）Dont touch _. _ not a cat, _ a tiger. it 汉语却常用“ 这” 表示；如：13）_ sister is ill. Please go and get _. she 14）The girl behind _ is our friend. she 三、其他代词（有反身代词,指示代词,不定代词,疑问代词,相互代词和关系代词）1、反身代词：表示某人自己的代词人称单数复数

25、数第一人称myself ourselves 其次人称yourself yourselves I had a bad cold ；Thats why I did n t attend the lecture；我感冒了,这就是我为什么没去听讲座的缘由；Those are the DVDs you want ；这就是你要的 DVD 碟片；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 35 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 重点句型 ：Units 5-6 学习必备欢迎下载a bottle of ink, a grain of rice , a cake of

26、soap3.以 man, woman 修饰名词构成合成词时,两个词都变化 . man servant men servants男仆 . boy/girl students 说明：可数名词和不行数名词之间并没有截然的界限；可数woman doctor women doctors. 名词可以转变为不行数名词,同样不行数名词也可以转变为4.复合名词的复数形式: 可数名词,要看清整个上下文的详细内容；son-in-law-sons-in-law 主体名词变化 三. 名词的全部格；Do you have a basketball. film-goer-film-goers, grown-up-grown

27、-ups .有生命的名词全部格的构成：Yes, I do. / No, I don t. 假如没有主体名词,在词尾加复数 A. 一 般 在 词 尾 s. the teacher s office, Xiao Li s sister s Let s watch TV. No, that sounds boring. 5.字母 ,阿拉伯数字的复数形式一般加“ s ” 或“s” . husbands mother.That sounds great. There are two ls in the word “ all ” .B. 以s 结尾的复数名词只加workersrest homes. Do

28、you like hamburgers. It happ ened in the 1960s /1960s.the masses request Yes, I do. / No, I don t. I will not accept your ifs and buts.C. 不以 s 结尾的复数名词加s. I like French fries. I don t like tomatoes. 6.物质名词一般没有复数,有时用复数形式表示不同种类,children s toys Women s Day 重点语法 :名词wheats, fruits, vegetables,有时表示更广的词义,D:

29、复合名词只在最终一个词的后面加s. my sister-in-law s 一.名词的分类 :名词分为专出名词和一般名词；专出名词指个人,woodwoods, water waters, sandsands brother. 地方 ,机构等专出名称. 如： China, Shanghai, Li lei；一般名词又7.定冠词加姓氏的复数表示一家人；the Turners, E:表示共同全部的几个名词,只在最终一个词的后面加 s. 分为个体名词: 某类人或东西中的个体.如 fighter, gun, country, the Smiths, the Wangs. This is Tom, Jame

30、s and Dicks room.集体名词 :如干个体组成的集合体.如 family, team, police, class 8.集体名词 people, police, cattle 总是作复数,F:表示各个全部关系的几个名词,在每个名词后分别加 s. 物质名词：无法分为个体的实物；如cotton, tea, air, people 作民族,种族时有单复数两种形式 Jennys, Jeans and Marys rooms face to the south.抽象名词: 动作 , 状态 , 品质 , 感情等抽象概念. 如 : health, Many cattle are kept. G:

31、 名词短语只在最终一个词后加 s. happiness. Several police were on duty. a quarter of an hour s talk. 个体名词和集体名词又叫做可数名词. The Chinese are a brave and hard-working people. . 名词全部格的用法：物质名词和抽象名词又叫做不行数名词. The English are a funny people. 1. 名词全部格主要用于表示有生命的名词,表示所属关系；二.名词的数；可数名词都有单数和复数之分；9. 集 体 名 词class, public, family, po

32、pulation, team, crew, Lei Fen gs dairy. the Working Peoples Palace of Culture.: 规章的可数名词变复数的规章如下：committee 等单复数都有,但意义不同；2.也可用于表示时间的名词；1.一般情形加s : books, mouths, houses, girls The class is big.- The class are taking notes in English. today s paper. an hour s drive. Friday s work.2.以 s,sh,ch, x 结尾的 es:

33、classes, boxes, matches The population in China is larger.- 80% of the population 3. 也可用于表示地理、国家、城市等名词；3. 辅 音字母+ y 结 尾的 变y 为i,再加es: cities,countries, in China are peasants. the countrys plan. the farms fruit. China s population.parties,factories 10. hair , fruit 通常作单数,表示总体；4.也可用于表示由人组成的集体名词；4.以 o结尾的

34、词多数 +es heroes Negroes potatoes tomatoes His hair is grey. a rich harvest of fruit our Party s stand（党的立场）zeroes / zeros 假如表示如干根头发,表示种类的水果时,可以加复数词尾；5. 也可用于表示度量、价值的名词；以o 结 尾 并 且 词 尾 有 两 个 元 音 字 母+s radios, zoos, He had a few white hairs. two dollars worth of books. a pound s weight.bamboos , pianos ,

35、kilos photos是特殊 What fruits are on sale in this season . 现代英语中,这种用法越来越多； 5.以 f, fe 结尾的改f,或 fe 为 v,再+es,例如 :leaves, lives, wives 11.以 s 结尾的学科名词只作单数；mathematics , physics, .凡不能用 s 属格的情形可用of 属格表示所属关系；knives, halves, wolves politics, 等；（news）the City of New York. a map of China. The thiefs wife killed t

36、hree wolves with some leaves and knives12.glasses, trousers, scissors, shoes, spectacles,等常特殊是以下情形要用of 属格：in half of her life. 用复数；但假如这些词前用a pair of / this pair of /that 当名词有较长的定语时,但是 ,也有一些 +s,如 roofs, proofs, gulfs, beliefs, pair of 等修饰时谓语动词有pair 来打算；the name of the girl standing at the gate. handk

37、erchiefs / handkerchieves Where are my glasses ？Have you read the articles of the students who were with : 不规章的可数名词变复数的规章：My new pair of trousers is too long. us yesterday. 1. man men, womanwomen, toothteeth, footfeet, Here are some new pairs of shoes. 所修饰的名词前有数量词时,childchildren, mousemice, 13.不行数名词

38、没有复数形式,假如表示“ 一个” 的概念,可a play of Comrade Lis. some friends of my brothers .2.单复数相同 : sheep, fish, deer, means, Chinese, Japanese, 用单位词；所修饰的名词前有一个指示代词时,fish 如表示不同种类的鱼时复数是fishes; a piece of news / information / advice / bread / cake / paper / that performance of th e teachers .There are many kinds of f

39、ishes in that lake. meat / coal .双重全部格：第 3 页,共 35 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 当 of 前面的名词有不定冠词、指示代词、疑问代词、不学习必备欢迎下载213-19 的表述 13-19 的数字皆以 -teenti：n结尾,其中,fourteen,第 4 页,共 35 页10.The waiter or the waitress usually gives us a _ before 定代词或数词如a, an, this, that, these, those, two, three,

40、four, we order dishes in a restaurant. sixteen,seventeen,eighteen 和 nineteen 分别由 four,six,seven,any, some, several, no, few ,another等修饰时,用双重全部格,A menu B bill C list D form eight,nine 加后缀 -teen 变成的, eighteen 中只保留一个t；双重全部格只用于表示人的名词并且都是特指的；11.Some _are flying kites near the river thirteen,fifteen 分别由 t

41、hree 和 five 转花而来；a poem of Lu Xuns . a friend of his/hers . A child B boy C boys D childs 320-90 数字的表达20-90 的数字皆以 -ty 结尾,其中,sixty,Which novel of Dicken s are you reading .12.-What would you like to drink,girls. seventy,eighty,ninety 分别由 six,seven,eight和 nine 加后缀 tysome friends of my brothers .A Two

42、cup of coffee B Two cups of coffee 构成, eighty 中只保留一个t；其他同上；5.几种特殊情形：C Two cups of coffee D Two cup of coffees 420-99 之间的数字的表达20-99 之间的数词须在十位和个位之the key to the door. keys to the exercises. 13.My school is about twenty _walk from here 间加连字符“-” ,如 twenty-five；notes to the text answers to the question A

43、 minute B minutesC minute s D minutes 5百位以上的数字的表达以及读在表达百位以上的数字时,必需tickets for the film/movie 14.It s _bedroom . It s clean and tidy. 在百位,十位和个位之间加and,在读音时也应读上and,如：a check for $1500. anyone elses book. A .Lily ang lucy B .Lily ang Lucy s 104 可表达为 one hundred and four ,486 读作 four hundred and the monument to the peoples heroes.C .Lily s ang Luck