2022年中考英语专题复习介词.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 专题：介词尹会敏 教学目标：一 明白介词考察趋势；二 明白介词的定义和分类；三 学习并且把握介词的用法和解题技巧；四 把握一些固定的介词短语搭配；重点：学习并且把握介词的用法；难点：介词解题技巧；教学过程1. 介词的功能介词是一种虚词, 用来表示名词或相当于名词的其它词语句中其它词的关系,不能单独使用； 介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语；介词短语可在句中作定语, 状语,表语和宾语补足语； 例如：名师归纳总结 The boy over there is Johns brother. 定语 第 1 页,共 12 页The girl wi

2、ll be back in two hours. 状语 Our English teacher is from Australia. 表语 Help yourself to some fish. 宾语补足语 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 2. 常用介词的用法辨析（1）表时间的介词1）at, in on 表示时间点用 at；例如：at six oclock, at noon, at midnight；表示在某个世纪,某年,某月,某个季节以及早晨,上午,下午,晚上时,用 in；例如： in the nineteenth century, in 2002

3、, in May, in winter, in the morning, in the afternoon等；表示详细的某一天和某一天的上午,下午,晚上时,用 on；例如：on Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning, on a cold morning 等；2） since, after 由 since 和 after 引导的词组都可表示从过去某一点开头的时段,但 since 词组表示的时段始终连续到说话的时刻,因而往往要与现在完 成时连用；而 after 词组所表示的时段纯系过去,因而要与一般过去 时连用；例如：I haven t heard from

4、 him since last summer. After five days the boy came back. 3） in, after in 与将来时态连用时,表示“过多长时间以后 ”的意思,后面跟表示一段时间的词语； After 与将来时态连用时,后面只能跟表示时间点的 词语； After 与过去时态连用时,后面才能跟表示一段时间的词语；例如：He will be back in two months. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - He will arrive after four oclock.H

5、e returned after a month. （2）表示地点的介词1）at, in, on at 一般指小地方； in 一般指大地方或某个范畴之内；on 往往表示 “在 某个物体的表面 ”；例如：He arrived in Shanghai yesterday. They arrived at a small village before dark. There is a big hole in the wall. The teacher put up a picture on the wall. 2） over, above, on over, on 和 above 都可表示 “在 上

6、面”,但详细含义不同； Over表示位置高于某物,在某物的正上方,其反义词是under ； above也表示位置高于某物,但不肯定在正上方,其反义词是 below ；On 指两个物体表面接触,一个在另一的上面；例如：There is a bridge over the river. We flew above the clouds. They put some flo wers on the teachers desk.3） across, through across 和 through 均可表示 “从这一边到另一边 ”,但用法不同；Across 的含义与 on 有关,表示动作在某一物体的表

7、面进行； Through 的含义与 in 有关,表示动作是在三维空间进行；例如：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - The dog ran across the grass. The boy swam across the river. They walked through the forest. I pushed through the crowds. 4 in front of, in the front of in front of 表示“在某人或某物的前面 ”,在某个范畴以外； in the front o

8、f 表示“在 的前部 ”,在某个范畴以内；例如：There are some tall trees in front of the building. The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom. 3. 介词的固定搭配 介词往往同其他词类形成了固定搭配关系；记住这种固定搭配关 系,才能正确使用介词；（1）介词与动词的搭配 listen to , laugh at, get to, look for, wait for, hear from, turn on, turn on , off, worry about, think of,

9、 look after, spend 等；（2）介词与名词的搭配on time, in time, by bus, on foot, with pleasure, on ones way to, in trouble, at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等；（3）介词与形容词的搭配 be late for, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be angry with, 名师归纳总结 be full of, be sorry for等；第 4 页,共 12 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料

10、 - - - - - - - - - 基础训练1. Youd better not go _ the forest. Its dangerous.2. Which room are you going to live _. 3. The building is _ fire. There are some people _ the top floor. 4. Before 1990 there was no airline _ the two cities. 5. Its not good to come late _ school.6. What s wrong _ your bike.7.

11、 Thank you very much _ coming to see me. 8. I couldnt finish it _ your help.9. Don t laugh _ others mistakes.10. Do the twins look _ their father. 11. How do you usually come to school every day. -Sometimes _ bike, sometimes _ foot. 12. Itry kind _ you to help me _ my maths. 13. Don t read _ the sun

12、. Its bad _ your eyes.14. The teacher told us the moon travels _ the earth. 15. You must learn these words _ heart, and answer my questions _ English. 16. Please meet your uncle _ noon _ Saturday. 17. Thanks _ your help. I finished the work before dark. 名师归纳总结 18. Its cold and the temperature is _ z

13、ero during the 第 5 页,共 12 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - night. 19. The teacher is writing _ red ink _ a piece of paper. 20. The children are waiting _ the gate _ their mother. 中考链接1. There are two classes _ Wednesday afternoon. 99 南京 A. at B. in C. on D. to 2. This programme was sent to the

14、 USA _ China _satellite. 99 辽宁 A. in; of B. of; in C. from; by D. by; from 3. The visitors _ Japan arrived _ Beijing Station last Tuesday morning. A. from; at B. of; to C. from; to D. of; on 99 江西 4. Here are some presents _ you _ our best wishes. 99 安徽 A. to; with B. for; with C. of; about D. for;

15、for 5. Lily asked her brother, Mike, not to be angry _ her. 99 兰州 A. in B. to C. with D. for 6. Is everyone here good _ dancing. 99 昆明 A. at B. on C. to D. for 7. They arrived _ Guangzhou _ the morning of May 25. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 98 广州 A. at; in B. in; in C. i

16、n; on D. at; during 8. Children are often told not to play _ fire. 98 上海 A. on B. for C. with D. under 9. No one can stop her _ going away. 98 河北 A. of B. from C. to D. out of 10. The eraser goes _ one student _ another. 98 福州 A. from; for B. from; till C. from; after D. from; to 11. You ll get a ni

17、ce present _ your parents _ your birthday. A. from; on B. for; at C. from; in D. of; during 12. Lets wait _ her _ the corner of the street. A. on; on B. for; in C. at; at D. for; at 13. Look. The two men are _ trouble. They are calling _help. A. with; for B. in; for C. under; at D. into; out s full

18、_14. The boy filled the bottle _ some milk. Now itmilk. A. with; with B. of; with C. with; of D. off; without 15. Mother always talks _ her friends _ the phone _weekend. A. with; on; at B. to; with; on C. about; on; through D. of; by; at 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 16. W

19、hen did he lend the dictionary _ you. -I borrowed it _ him the day before yesterday. A. from; to B. to; by C. to; from D. on; out of 17. Uncle Wang lives _ a farm, but he works _ a factory. A. in; in B. to; in C. in; at D. on; in 18. She came up to me, _ a smile _ her face. A. with; in B. like; on C

20、. with; on D. without; at 19. He wanted to ask _ some books _ music. A. for; in B. about; of C. for; on D. about; about 20. His school is far _ his home, but near _ mine. A. from; to B. from; from C. to; to D. to; from 综 合 型1. The bridge _ the river is made _ big stone. A. on; from B. over; of C. ab

21、ove; in D. of; into 2. He stayed _ his uncles _ a week.A. in; for B. with; till C. at; for D. for; about 3. I cant swim _ the river _ a piece of wood. A. across; without B. through; with C. over; on D. in; by 4. The desk _ the teacher is _ the classroom. A. of; in front B. to; in front of C. at; bef

22、ore D. for; in the front of 5. John cut the pear _ four pieces _ a knife. A. in; by B. into; with C. with; by D. to; in 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 6. The other day I met a friend _ my way to school. A. of me on B. of my on C. in D. of mine on 7. Its easy _ us to finish

23、the work _ time.A. for; on B. of; in C. for; before D. of; at 8. We, League members, should be strict _ ourselves _ our work. A. in; in B. with; with C. with; in D. in; with 9. She asked me to sit _ her and help her _ Chinese. A. between; at B. beside; with C. before; in D. on; of 10. Lin Tao answer

24、ed all the questions _ the last one _usual. A. except; as B. beside; as C. except; on D. but; in 11. Jim s gone _ England with his family and he wont be back _ Monday. A. for; on B. to; at C. for; till D. to; until 12. _ Christmas Eve, children all over Britain put a stocking_ the end of their beds

25、before they go to sleep. A. At; by B. During; in C. On; at D. In; before 13. Is the girl _ red _ duty today. A. with; on B. on; for C. of; at D. in; on 14. _ a few years time, it wil l be covered _ many thousands of trees. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 12 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A. In; with B. After

26、; by C. In; on D. After; over 15. Many old things _ show were used _ keeping tea hot. A. at; to B. on; for C. for; on D. in; as 16. English is spoken _ a first language _ most people in the USA. A. by; as B. as; by C. for; of D. like; in 17. We visited him _ his workplace _ the young trees. A. in; b

27、eside B. at; along C. at; among D. to; between 18. It will stop the sand _ moving _ the rich farmland in the south. A. from; towards B. from; to C. into; towards D. at; down 19. What s the difference _ a sheep and a goat.A. from B. to C. between D. among 20. They got _ the foot of the mountain just

28、now. A. at B. in C. to D. off oclock _ of June 15. 2000 重庆 21. My father returned at 10 A. in the night B. by the night C. on the night D. at night 22. He often mistakes me _ my brother. 2000 黑龙江 A. to B. as C. for D. with 23. China has built a Great Green Wall _ the northern part _ the country. 名师归

29、纳总结 A. to; in B. across; of C. across; on D. at; of 2000 辽宁 第 10 页,共 12 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 24. Thank you very much _ lending the eraser _ me. 2000 河南 A. for; at B. to; to C. for; to D. to; for 25. Since you are _ trouble, why not ask _ help.2000 安徽 A. in; for B. in; to C. with; f

30、or D. with; to 26. My aunt arrived here _ a warm spring morning. 2001 哈 尔滨 A. in B. at C. on D. by 27. His father has been _ Australia _ 1998. 2001 汕头 A. to; in B. in; since C. to; from D. in; from 28. Mr. Black was angry _ Jim _ laughing _ him.2002 汕头 A. at; for; to B. for; with; on C. with; for; w

31、ith D. with; for; at 29. Why were your parents angry _ you yesterday evening. A. to B. on C. for D. with 30. In England, people usually call me Tom _ short. A. for B. to C. on D. at 31. Where are you from. I m from the USA, what _ you. A. for B. about C. in D. on 32. Who sits _ the middle _ the clas

32、sroom. 名师归纳总结 A. at, of B. in, of C. on, in D. at, for 第 11 页,共 12 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 5. We usually go to school _ Monday _ Friday. A. to, from B. from, on C. from, to D. on, to 6. He usually has an egg and a bottle of milk _ breakfast. A. to B. on C. for D. of m afraid. 7. Pleas

33、e turn _ _ all the lights in the room, or IA. down B. on C. for D. at 8. It was raining, but the farmers still went _ working in the fields. A. for B. on C. with D. from 9. Please take your dirty clothes away _ here. A. from B. off C. of D. at 10. May I speak _ Becky, please. Hold on _ a moment, please. A. to, for B. for, to C. to, of D. to, at 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 12 页