2022年初中英语现在完成时.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料欢迎下载He/ She hasnt been to Has he/ she been to havent.现在完成时讲解与练习第 三He/She has been to Yes, he/she has. 假如你想说 “我已经看过某部电影,所以不想看了”、 “某人曾经做过什么事情” 等人称Beijing. Beijing. Beijing. No, he/she 等,该假如表达呢？第一请看下面的句子：They have given They havent given Have they given hasnt.（1）I have seen

2、 the film. I dont want to see it again.这部电影我已经看过,不想再看了；concerts all over the concerts all over the concerts all over the Yes, they have. （2）Have you answered all the questions. 全部的问题你都回答了吗？world. world. world. No, they havent.（3）Have you ever looked at a travel brochure. 你看过旅行宣扬册吗？注：规章动词的过去分词的构成与过去是

3、相同,不规章动词的过去分词见附表；（4）She has never visited the USA. 练. 把下面变否定句、一般疑问句并作确定和否定回答；她从没有过去美国；_, 1. I have done my homework. 观看：以上句子的谓语动词的一个共同特点是否定句： _ 用于表示在以前的某个时间曾经做过的、发生的事情,这种行为对目前有某种影一般疑问句： _ 响；我们把这种时态称为“现在完成时 ”；回答： _ 一、现在完成时的概念；2. The plane has arrived. 现在完成时通常表示在 说话之前已经完成的动作 或存在的状态；说话人强调的 否定句： _ 是该动作或

4、状态对现在的 结果或影响 ；一般疑问句： _ She has bought a car 她买了一辆车；回答： _ She has arrived. 她到了；三、现在完成时用法归纳此种1. 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作现已完成,对现在造成的影响和结果；表示从过去某一时间开头始终连续到现在的动作或状态；Weve known each other since we were children. （我们从小就熟悉； ）用法谓语动词用短暂性动词 第 1 页,共 4 页I have been a member of the Party for 10 years. 如： The plane has arri

5、ved. 二、构成： ”助动词 have, has + 过去分词 ”常用的时间状语和副词：现在完成时态的确定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以work 为例）：already 已经 用于确定句中,通常放在have/ has 与过去分词之间人称确定否定疑问回答如： I have already done my homework. 第一I have seen the UFO. I havent seen the Have you seen the Yes, I have./ No, yet 仍,仍旧,已经 用于否定句和疑问句的句末；人称We have travelled UFO. UFO. I haven

6、 t.如： Has she finished cooking yet. 他做完饭了吗？around the world. We havent travelled 练： I have already done my homework. 变为否定句 around the world. Have you travelled Yes, we have./ _ around the world. No, we havent.ever 曾经 ,句中,多用于疑问句其次You have been to You havent been to Have you been to Yes, I/we have. 如：

7、 Have you ever been to Shanghai. 人称England. England. England. No, I /we never 从不 ,本身否定名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - before 以前 ,句尾,独立用精品资料欢迎下载等；find, buy, arrive, give, stop, join, marry, die, begin, start, borrow, close, open, lendjust 刚刚 ,用于确定句中,常用在助动词和过去分词之间；eg. I have bought this b

8、ook for three months. 如： I have just heard the news. 我刚刚听到消息；非连续性动词与一段时间连用时可采纳以下三种方法：2. 现在完成时表示过去已经开头,连续到现在, 可能连续到将来的动作和状态；（1）将非连续性动词转化为连续性动词；常与表示过去某一时刻连续到现在的一段时间状语连用；如：leave- be away from close- be closed a.for + 一段时间： for two hours join- be in begin/start- be on 电影开头 b.since + 时间点： since 1999, sin

9、ce last year buy- have go- be there c.since + 一段时间 + ago =for + 一段时间die- be dead finish- be over since two days ago=_ borrow- keep join be in d.up to now, till now, , so far 到目前为止 open- be open come back- be back e.in the past two years, in the last few days （2）时间状语的变化： 把表时间的状语“ for ”变为 “数词 + 时间名词 +

10、ago” 的短语形式；（即：将时间状语改为过去时间,并用一般过去时代替现在完成时）如： 他离开济南三年了；f.recently, lately 最近 如：Miss Zhao has taught math for five years. His mother has worked in the shop since 1990. The Greens have lived in London since three years ago. 注：其中在 a,b,c,d 这四种结构中,谓语动词必需为连续性动词；He has left Jinan for three years. He has been

11、 away from Jinan for three years.He left Jinan three years ago.如：I have had this book for one and a half years. 这本书我已买了一年半了！ 例如：不能用 buy 用 since 和 for 填空1 They borrowed it last week. They _it since _. 2 I bought a pen two hours ago. I _a pen for _. 5. have been to/ have gone to/ have been in 三种结构的区分1

12、._two years 2._two years ago （1）have been to 曾经去过某地 现已离开 ,可以与ever, never, once, twice 等连用；（2）has gone to 去某地了,现在仍未回来；此句型一般用于第三人称；3._last month 4._ 1999 5._yesterday 6._ 4 oclock7 _4 hours 8._an hour ago （3） have been in 表示已在某地呆了多久,如该地为小地方就用at；句末常有9. _we were children 10._ lunch time 11._ she left he

13、re for + 一段时间或 since + 时间点12. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last. 翻译：13. Ive known him _ we were children.你以前去过北京吗？_ 14. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years. 15. She has been away from the city _ about ten years. 4. 短暂性动词怎样和表示一段时间的状语连用；吉姆已经去了伦敦；_ 格林一家在中国已经两年了；_ 6. 现在完成时与一般过去时的

14、区分：英语中的短暂性动词,也叫做终止性动词、瞬时动词或非连续性动词,只表示一1 侧重点不同：现在完成时是与现在有关的时态,属现在时态范畴,它侧重于时的动作,不能与表示连续的时间状语连用；常见的短暂性动词有： go, come, leave, 过去的动作对现在造成的影响；而一般过去时是一种过去时态,侧重于表示过去第 2 页,共 4 页名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载的动作,与现在无关；如：learned English. Yesterday I went to the zoo. 仅说明昨天去了动物园,与现在无关 4. I

15、 bought a new bike just now. 用 just 改写 Li Lei has read the book. 说明李磊明白那本书的内容 I just a new bike. （2）连用的时间状语不同： 一般过去经常与 ago, yesterday, last , in 2000, just now 5. We began to learn English three years ago. 改为同义句 等连用；而现在完成时与 already, yet, still , just, so far, in the last/ past , before, ever, We Eng

16、lish three years. never, since , for 等时间状语连用；【才能提升】注 现在完成时不行与 yesterday, last week, two days ago 等过去时间状语连用；I. 用所给动词的适当形式填空；现在完成时练习 1 Have you ever _take a train. 2 Shes _ live here ever since she was ten.【基础巩固】3 Have you _makefriends with your new classmates yet. 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. I_ already _ see th

17、e film. I _ see it last week. 2. _ he _ finish his work today. Not yet. 3. My father _ just _ come back from work. He is tired now. 4. Where s Li Ming . He _ go to the teachers office.5. I _ work here since I _ move here in 1999. 6. So far I _make quite a few friends here. 7. How long _ the Wangs _s

18、tay here . For two weeks. 8. I _ just _ finish my homework. 9. He _ go to school on foot every day. 10._ you _ find your science book yet. 11. If it _ be fine tomorrow, Ill go with you. 12. The students _ read English when the teacher came in. 13. Look. The monkey _ climb the tree. 14. My mother _ c

19、ome to see me next Sunday. 15. Ive lost my pen. _ you _ see it anywhere. 二、句型转换1. I have been to Macau before. 改为否定句 I been to Macau before. 4 I _have my lunch and Im not hungry now. 5 Jim has never seen a panda, _he. 6 We _be good friends since we met at school. 7 We cant find him anywhere. Perhaps

20、 或许 he_go home. 8 He _read the book before. 9 Mr. Green _teach us a lot about social studies since September. 10 I _never_ meet her sister before. II. 用 for 或 since 填空；1. Jill has been inBeijing Monday. 2. Jill has been in Beijing three days. 3. My aunt has lived in Australia 15 days. 4. Margaret is

21、 in her office. She has been there 7 oclock. 5. India has been an independent country 1974. 6. The bus is late. Weve been waiting 20 minutes. 7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years. III. 用括号中动词的适当形式填空：1he （wait ）for an hour yet ？2I （not finish ）the work yet 3you （ know）him

22、since then ？4I （hear）from my father recently 2. He hasnt come to school because hes ill. 就划线部分提问 5We （ be）there many times during the past three years第 3 页,共 4 页he come to school. 6How long you （ stay） at home？3. He has learned English for 5 years. 就划线部分提问 7She （ not read） the book before名师归纳总结 - -

23、- - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载8I just （do）it4. They have been here since 2000. 对划线部分提问 9My sister （walk ）to school every day last year_ _ _they been here. 10Her mother （go） to ShanghaiShe （leave）this morning 5. His father has been to America twice. 对划线部分提问 IV. 挑选填空 _ _ _has his father b

24、een to America. （）1、Where is Miss Gao. She _ to Shanghai . 6. The old man died last year. 同义句转换 . came . has been .has gone . Comes The old man _ _ _ for a year. （）2.John _to the space museum three _. 7. Lucy moved to France two years ago. 同义句转换 A.have been, time B. have been, times _ two years _ Lu

25、cy moved to France. C. has been , time D. has been, times 8The teachers bought the Englsih books two days ago. 改为现在完成时 （）3、Have you met Mr Li _ ？The teachers _ _the English books _ two days. . Just . ago .before . a moment ago （）4、Her grandfather _ for two years. A. died B. has died C. has been dead

26、 D. has been died （）5、Its six weeks _ I met you last time. A. when B. since C. before D. for （）6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . . was ; studying . will ; study . has ; studied . are ; studying （）7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . . know . had known . have known . knew （）

27、8、Harry Potter is a very nice film . I_ it twice . . will see . have seen . saw .see （）9、-These farmers have been to the United States . -Really . When _ there . . will they go . did they go . do they go . have they gone （）10、-_ you ever _ to the US. - Yes, twice. A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going V 句型转换1、They have bought a computer.改成否定句 They _ _ bought a computer. 2. He has lost his book. 改成一般疑问句 ,作确定与否定回答 _he _his book. Yes, he_. No, he _. 3. Miss Gao has been for two years 对划线部分提问 _ _ _Miss Gao been a teacher. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 4 页