2022年人教版七年级下册语法.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思Unit 4Dont eat in class. 一短语1. in class 在课上 2. on school nights 在上学的晚上 3. school rules 校规4. no talking 禁止交谈 5. listen to music 听音乐 6. have to 不得不7. take my dog for a walk 带狗去漫步 8. eat outside 在外面吃饭 9. in the hallway 在走廊上 10. wear a uniform 穿降服 11. arrive l

2、ate for class 上学迟到 12. after school 放学后17. be in bed 在床上 13. practice the guitar 练习弹吉它 14. in the cafeteria 在自助食堂里15. meet my friends 和我伴侣见面 16. by ten oclock. 十点之前 18. the Childrens Palace 少年宫 19. help my mom make dinner 帮忙我妈做饭二重点句型1.Don t arri ve late for school Dont be late for school2.Don t figh

3、t3.Don t listen to music in the classroom.4.Don t run in the hallways5.Don t smoke. Its bad for your health.6.Don t play cards in school7.Don t talk in class8.Don t watch TV on school nights.9.Don sleep in class. 10.Don play sports in the classrooms. 11.Don t sing songs at night.12.Don t talk when y

4、ou eat.13.Don t wear hats in class.14.Do homework by 10:00. 15.Clean your house. 16.Make the bed. 17.Can we . Yes ,we can. No, we cant.Eg:Can we arrive late for class . No, we cant. We cant arrive late for class.t.18.Do you have to wash your clothes. Yes, I do./No, I don三 重难点解析：1. 情态动词 have to 的用法,意

5、思是 必需、不得不 ,它侧重于客观上的必要和外界的权威；（ 1）结构：主语have to动词原形其他（一般现在时 ,主语是第三人称单数时,用 has to；句子是过去时 ,用 had to.）如：We have to wear sneakers for gym class. 在体育课上,我们必需穿运动鞋；Tom has to practice the guitar every day. 汤姆每天必需练习弹吉它；I had to get up at 5:00 am last Monday. 上周一,我不得不早上 5 点起床；（2）否定形式：主语dont have to动词原形其他to）（一般现在

6、时 ,主语是第三人称单数时,用 doesnt have to. 句子是过去时 ,用 didnt have 如： Nick doesnt have to wear a uniform. 尼克不必穿降服；homework at once. 我们不必立刻完成作业；We didnt have to do our （3）疑问句： Do （ Does 或 Did ）主语 have to 动词原形其他名师归纳总结 如：Do you have to stay at home on weekends. 周末你必需呆在家里吗？dont. Yes, I do. / No, I 第 1 页,共 10 页- - - -

7、 - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思是的,我必需；不,我不必；不 11 点前上床睡觉吗？2. 情态动词 can 的用法Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night. 昨晚,他不得（1）表示才能, 会 能 （在第一册中已经学习这种用法）Can you play the guitar. 你会弹吉它吗？Judy can speak a little Chinese. 朱蒂会说一点 中文； I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞；（2）表示答应、许可,可以 、 能（在这一课

8、中新学的词义）Can the students run in the hallways. 同学们可以在走廊上跑吗？We can eat outside. 我们可以在外面吃东西；Can I come in. 我能进来吗？留意 同样是情态动词,can 和 have to 的用法是有区分的,和大部分情态动词一样,can 在否定句中,直接在 can 后加上 not,在疑问句中,把 can 放到主语前面,并且没有人称和数的变化；3. hear,listen 和 sound 都有 听 的意思,但三者是有区分的；（1）hear听说 ,侧重于 听的内容Im sorry to hear that you are

9、 ill. 听说你生病了,我很伤心；I never heard such an interesting story. 我从来没听过这么好玩的一个故事；（2）listen 听侧重于 听 这一动作； Listen to me carefully. 仔细听我说；错；The children like to listen to music. 孩子们宠爱听音乐；That sounds great. 那听起来真不（3）sound听起来 ,它是系动词,后面接形容词等；It sounds like fun. 听起来挺好玩；. be in bed 在床上、卧床 in 和 bed 之间不能用冠词,bed 也不用复

10、数；He is in bed for 10 years. 他卧床 10 年了； Dave has to be in bed early every night. 大卫每晚必需很早睡觉；. arrive late for 与 be late for 意思相近, 迟到 Dont arrive （be）late for school. 上学别迟到； I arrived （ was）late for the meeting yesterday. 我昨天开会迟到了；. No talking . 禁止交谈！ no 后面加上名词或动名词（doing ）也表示不要做某事；与 dont +do 的用法相像； N

11、o wet umbrellas. / Dont put wet umbrellas here. 禁止放湿雨伞！No food. Dont eat food here. 禁止吃食物！ No smoking. Dont smoke here. 禁止吸烟！7语法（祈使句）祈使句是用来表示恳求、命令、嘱咐、号召或者劝说等的句子,这类句子的主语常是其次人称 you,也就是听话者,因而 you 常省去了；祈使句的开头是动词原形；如： Look out. 当心！ Wait here for me. 在这等我！Be sure to come here on time. 务必准时来到这里！祈使句的否定形式多以d

12、o not（常缩写成dont）开头,再加上动词原形；Dont arrive late for school. 上学别迟到；Dont fight. 别打架！名师归纳总结 Dont look Unit 5 Why do you like pandas. 一重点词组eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cute play with her friends kind of South Africa other animals at night in the day every day during the day 二. 交际用语1

13、. Why do you like pandas. Because they very clever. re 2. Why does he like koalas. Because theyre kind of interesting.3. Where are lions from. They are from South Africa. 4. What other animals do you like. I like dogs, too. Why. 第 2 页,共 10 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思Be

14、cause theyre friendly and clever.5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass. 6. She s very shy.7. He is from Australia. 8He sleeps during the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves. 9He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day. 10 Let s see the pandas first.11 They re kind of i

15、nteresting.12 What other animals do you like. 13 Why do you want to see the lions. 三. 重点难点释义1、kind of 有点,略微 Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有点害羞；kind 仍有 “ 种类 ” 的意思 如：各种各样的 all kinds of We have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school. 2、China n. 中国 Africa n. 非洲 China 和 Africa 都是专出名词,首字母都应当大写,而且和介

16、词 in 连用；There are many kinds of tigers in China. There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa. 3、friendly adj. 友好的,和气可亲的 它是名词 friend 的形容词形式,经常和 be 动词连用 , be friendly ；The people in Chengdu are very friendly. 4、with prep. 跟,同,和 在一起 I usually play chess with my father. 留意区分与 and 的用法, and 通常用于连接主语或宾

17、语,连接主语时,假如有 I, I 通常放在 and 之后,如：My father and I usually play chess together. Play with 和 一起玩耍 ” “玩 ”I often play with my pet dog. Dont play with water.5、day 和 night 是一对反义词,day 表示白天或一天,night 表示夜或夜晚；通常说 in the day, during the day, at night ；Koala bears often sleep during the day and eat leaves at night

18、. 6、leaf n. 叶子 复数形式为： leaves, 类似的变化仍有：wife wives, wolf wolves, knife knives 等；7、hour n. 小时；点钟 hour 前边通常加上冠词 an 表示 “ 一个小时 ” , 即： an hour；There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour. 8、be from 来自 be from = come from Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China. 9、meat n. （食用的）肉,为不行数名词,表示“

19、很多 ” 时,使用 much 来修 饰,即： much meat He eats much meat every day. 10、 grass n. 草,为不行数名词,表示“ 很多 ” 时,使用 much 来修饰,即： much grass；There is much grass on the playground. 四. 语法学问 特别疑问句通常以“ what”、“ who”、“ which”、“ when”、“ where”、“ how”、“ how old ”、“ how many”等开头,对某一详细问题进行提问；特别疑问句的基本构成有两种情形：1. 疑问句 +一般疑问句结构；这是最常见

20、的情形；例如：Whats your grandfathers telephone number. 你爷爷的电话号码是多少？Who is that boy with big eyes. 那个大眼睛的男孩是谁？Which season do you like best. 你最宠爱哪个季节？When is he going to play the piano. 他什么时候弹钢琴？Where does he live. 他住在哪儿？How are you. 你好吗？How old are you. 你多大了？How many brothers and sisters do you have. 你有几个

21、兄弟姐妹？2. 疑问句 +陈述句结构；这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语；例如：Who is on duty today. 今日谁值日？Which man is your teacher. 哪位男士是你的老师？我们学过的 What/How about+ 名词 /代词 +其他？也是特别疑问句,它是一种省略结构；例如：I like English. What/How about you. 我宠爱英语；你呢？名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思What about playing basket

22、ball. 打篮球怎么样？out of the window. 不要向窗外看 Unit 6 I m watching TV 一现在进行时 现在进行时的用法 表示现在（说话瞬时）正在进行或发生的动作 现在进行时时间状语及标志性词 now 现在 at this time 在这时 at the moment 现在 look 看（后面有明显的“！ ”） listen 听（后面有明显的“！” ） 现在分词的构成 一般在动词结尾处加ing Eg: go going look-looking ing. 以不发音字母e 结尾的动词,去e 加 ing；Eg: write writing close-closin

23、g 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,假如末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这个字母,再加Eg: getgetting run running swim, run, put,get,sit,begin 现在进行时的构成 确定句 : 主语 + am/is/are+ doing + 其他 +时状 . Eg: He is doing his homework now. 否定句：主语 +am/is/are +not+ doing+ 其他 +时状 . Eg: He is not doing his homework now. 一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + doing+ 其他 +时状？ Eg: Is h

24、e doing his homework now. 确定回答： Yes,主语 +am/is/are Eg Yes, he is. 否定回答： No, 主语 +am not/isn t/aren Eg: No, he isnt.Unit 7 It s raining.一短语：1 take photos/ pictures 照像 2 take photos/ pictures of sb/ sth 给某人或某物照相 3 have a good timehave funhave a great tame 玩得开心4 work for sb / sth为某人工作s Around The World s

25、howEg: Yuan Yuan works for CCTV5 on vacation度假Eg: There are many people here on vacation. 6 some-others-一些另外一些 另一个（两者之间）one the others . 一个Eg: There are many students in the classroom. Some are writing, others are reading. 7 put on 穿上（动作）wear 穿着（状态）Eg: Tom is putting on his coat now. 8 on the beach

26、在沙滩上 Eg: Tom and his family are playing on the beach at this moment. 名师归纳总结 9 this group of people这一群人第 4 页,共 10 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思10. in this heat 二重点句型1 How is the weather. 天气怎么样？In the raining. 在下雨；2 What are you doing. 你正在做什么？Im watching TV. 我在看电视；3 What a

27、re they doing. 他们在做什么？They are studying. 他们在学习；4 What is he doing. 他在做什么？He is playing basketball . 他在打篮球；5 What is she doing . 她在做什么？三重难点解析She is cooking . 她在做饭；1 询问天气情形的句式：横线内容可替换 How is the weather in Beijing. How is the weather today. Whats the weather like in Beijing. Whats the weather like tod

28、ay.2 回答上面问题的句式：It s + adj. 形容词 Eg: Its win dy. 3 How s it going with you. Not bad. Great. Terrible. Pretty good. 4 Thank you for joining CCTVs Around The Word show.5 I am surprised they can play in this heat. 6 Everyone is having a good time. 7 People are wearing hats and scarfs. wear 指穿衣服的状态； put o

29、n 指穿衣服的动作；四谈论天气的日常用语1. Its sunny/rainy/cloudy. 今日是晴天 /雨天 /阴天；2. Lovely weather,isn 天气真好,是吗？3. It looks like rain. 看起来要下雨；4. Its raining cats and dogs. 正是瓢泼大雨；5. It seems to be cleaning up. 天好像要转晴；名师归纳总结 6. Its blowing hard. 风刮得很大；第 5 页,共 10 页7. Its snowing heavily. 正在下大雪；8. The snow wont last long.

30、雪不会连续太久；9. Its very foggy. 雾很大；10. The fog is beginning to lift. 正在收雾；11. Its thundering and lightening. 雷电交加；12. What s the weather like today. 今日天气怎么样？13. What s the weather report for t omorrow. 天气预报明天怎么样？14. Its quite different from the weather report. 这和天气预报相差很大；15. Its rather changeable. 天气变化无

31、常；- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思16. What s the temperature. 温度是多少？17. Its two below zero. 零下二度；18. The temperature has dropped a lot today. 今日温度低多了；名师归纳总结 Unit 8 Is there a post office near here. 一 Asking ways: 问路 1 Where is the nearest ？ （最近的） 在哪里？2 Can you tell me the wa

32、y to ？ 你能告知我去 的路吗？3 How can I get to ？ 我怎样到达 呢？4 Is there near here / in the neighborhood. 邻近有 吗？5 Which is the way to ？ 哪条是去 的路？第 6 页,共 10 页二 Showing the ways: （指路）1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街始终走；2. Turn left at the second turning. 在其次个路口向左转；3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你

33、右手边发觉它；4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远；5. You d better take a bu s. 你最好坐公交车去；（Youd better+动词原形）三词组1. across from 在 的对面 across from the bank 在银行的对面2. next to 紧靠 next to the supermarket 紧靠超市3. between and 在 和 之间between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间4. in front

34、 of 在 前面There is a tree in front of the classroom. 课室前面有棵树；in the front of 在 （内）的前部There is a desk in the front of the classroom. 课室内的前部有张桌子；5. behind 在 后面behind my house 在我家后面6. turn left/ right 向左 /右拐on the left/right of 在某物的左 /右边on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边on one s left/right 在某人的左 /右边on my

35、 left 在我左边7. go straight 始终走8. down /along 沿着 （街道）down/along Center Street 沿着中心街9. in the neighborhood=near here 在邻近10 welcome to 欢迎来到 11. take /have a walk 漫步12. the beginning of 的开头 ,前端at the beginning of 在 的开头 ,前端in the beginning 起初,一开头13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得高兴,过得开心我昨天玩得很高兴

36、；I had fun yesterday. I had a good time yesterday. I enjoyed myself yesterday. 14. have a good trip 旅途开心15. take a taxi 坐出租车16. 到达： get to +地方 get here/ there/ home 到这 /那/家arrive in + 大地方 I arrive in Beijing. arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank. reach +地方17 go across 从物体表面横过 go across the street 横过公

37、路go through 从空间穿过 go through the forest 穿过树林18 on + 街道的名称；Eg: on Center Street at + 详细门牌号 +街道的名称 Eg: at 6 Center Street 三重难点解析1enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣,宠爱做某事I enjoy reading. 我宠爱读书；到目前为止,我们学了两个特别的动词 finish 和 enjoy,都是要带 doing. I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子；2hope to do sth 期望做某事 I hope to pass t

38、his exam. 我期望通过这次考试；hope +从句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我期望明天将会晴朗；（从句即是一个小句子,这个小句子又放在大句子中,从属于大句子,所以叫从句；如tomorrow will be fine 是一个从句,它又放在 I hope 的后面,形成句中有句；）- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子；If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 假如我有很多钱,我就会去月球；If you

39、 are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket. 假如你饿了的话,你可以在超市买一些食物；四本单元的反义词、近义词配对 1newold 2 quiet- busy 3 dirty- clean 4 big- small What does he look like. Unit9 一短语1 look like 看起来像 . 2 curly /short/straight/long hair 卷短直发 3 medium height/build 中等高度身体 4 a little bit 一点儿 5 a pop singer 一位流行歌手

40、 6 have a new look 出现新面貌 7 go shopping do some shopping 去购物 8 the captain of the basketball team 篮球队队长 9 be popular with sb 为-所宠爱 10 stop to do sth 停下来去做某事 11 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事情 12 tell jokes/ stories 讲笑话 / 讲故事 13 have fun doing sth 开心地做某事 14 remember forget to do sth 记得（遗忘）做某事（没有做的）15 remember

41、 forget doing sth 记得（遗忘）做过某事（已做）16 one of - - 中的一个 二本单元的重点句：1 Is that your friend. No, it isnt.2 What does she look like. 3 I think I know her. I dont think I know her.4 Wang Lin is the captain of the basketball team. 5 She s a little bit quiet.6 Xu Qian loves to tell jokes. 7 She never stops talkin

42、g. 8 She likes reading and playing chess. 9 I dont think hes so great.10 I can go shopping and nobody knows me. 11 Now he has a new look. 三重难点解析1 What does/ do +主语+ look like. 询问某人的外貌特点,看上去什么样？Eg: What does your friend look like. 2 形容头发时,可根据先长短,后曲直,最终说颜色的次序说；Eg: She has long curly black hair. 名师归纳总结

43、 3 one of + 名词复数,谓语动词要用“单三 ”形式；第 7 页,共 10 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思Eg: One of his friends is a worker. 面4 不定代词做主语时,谓语动词要用“ 单三 ” 形式；修饰不定代词词,应当放在它的后Eg: I can go shopping and nobody knows me. 5 He is 通常为形容词,包括身高、体形等 He has （通常为形容词修饰的名词,包括头发、五官）He wears （穿、戴、留；可以是衣服、帽子、鞋

44、子等,也可以是眼镜、手表、胡须）6 I don t think 的用法表达否定的看法I don t think she is good-looking. Unit 10 I d like some noodles 一 短语1beef and tomato noodlesnoodles with beef and tomato 牛肉西红柿面chicken and cabbage noodlesmutton and potato noodles tomato and egg noodles beef and carrot noodles 2 would like to do sth want to do sth 想要作某事 3 what kind of noodles 什么种类的面条 4