2022年完整不定代词的用法讲解及练习题.docx
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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 不定代词的用法 1. some ,any 1 some多用于确定句,修饰复数可数名词和不行数名词,作“ 一些” 解;它仍可修饰单数可数名词,作“ 某一” 解;如:H-5 avian influenza first broke out in some Asian countries. H-5 型禽流感第一在亚洲爆发;Some people are early risers. 有些人起得很早;2 any 通常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句,修饰单数或复数可数名词以及不行数名词;If there are any new magazines in the
2、library, take some for me. 图书馆假如来了新杂志,替我借几本;Are there any stamps in the drawer. 抽屉里有邮票吗?Is there any money with you. 你身上带钱了吗?3 any 仍可以用于确定句,作“ 任何的” 解;You can come here any time. 你什么时候来都行;You can get it at any shop. 你可以在任何一家商店买到它;2. either,both ,all 1 either 表示“ 两者中的任何一个”;Either of the brothers is se
3、lfish. 两兄弟都特别自私;Either will do. 两个都行;“ 两个都” ,修饰可数名词,统指两者;2 bothTom and Jack both made some progress. 汤姆和杰克两个都有所进步;Both of them should make concessions. 他们双方都应做出让步;3 all“ 全部,全部的”,修饰可数名词和不行数名词,指两个以上的人或物;All the students contributed to the fund. 全部的同学都为基金会捐了款;钱都花完了;All of the money has been spent. We a
4、re all for you. 我们都支持你;Say all you know and say it without reserve. 知无不言,言无不尽;3. no , neither,none 1 no “ 不” ,可修饰单数和复数可数名词以及不行数名词;Time and tide wait for no man. 时不我待;There are no clouds in the sky. 天上没有云;I have no money for such things. 我没钱买这些东西;,其所指范畴是两个人或物;2 neither“ 两者中哪个都不”Neither answer is corr
5、ect. 两个答案都不对;Neither of the two countries is satisfied with the result of the talk. 两个国家都不中意会谈的结果;3 none “ 没有一个人或东西”,它既可指可数名词(其所指范畴是两个以上的人或物),又可指不行数名词;All of the trees were cut down, and none was were. left. 全部的树都被砍了,一棵也不剩;None of the students failed the examination. 没有一个同学考试不及格;None of this money i
6、s his. 这笔钱没有一点儿是他的;, “ 几个” ; 修饰可数名词; a few表示确定意义, few4. few, a few,little, a little ; a few的意思是“ 少数”1 few的意思是“ 没有几个”表示否定意义;The problem is so difficult that few people can solve it. 1 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 这个问题太难了,几乎没人能做出来;Only a few people can solve this problem. 只有
7、几个人能解决这个问题;Few of them want to go. 他们中几乎没有人想去;a little表示确定意义,little表示否定意义;如:A few of them want to go. 他们中有几个人想去;2 little“ 没有多少”,a little“ 少量” ,修饰不行数名词;There is little rainfall this spring. 今年春季雨水很少;Although it did not rain for the whole month, there is a little water in the pond. 虽然整整一个月没下雨了,但池塘里仍有一
8、点水;5. many , much, most 1 many 用于修饰可数名词;Many of the problems have been solved. 大部分问题已经解决了;Many think that the situation will change soon. 2 much 用于修饰不行数名词;许多人认为局势会很快转变;Much of the money has been spent. 这笔钱的大部分已经被花掉了;They have finished much of the work. 他们已经完成了大部分的工作;6. another,other ,the other,other
9、s ,the others 1 another 指同类中多个东西中的“ 另一个”(即 one more );This watch doesnt work, I must get another one. 这块表坏了,我该另买一块了;He went back to work too soon,and was laid up for another three months. 他回去上班过早,结果又病倒三个月;但要留意: other 与物主限定词连用也可指余下的另一个或全部;如:Use your other hand. 用你的另一只手;Mary is older than me but my ot
10、her sisters are younger. 玛丽比我大,其余的都是我妹妹;2 other 单独使用时指其他的、另外的人或物;There must be some other reason for him refusing to help. 他不予帮忙肯定另有缘由;I saw Tom with some other fellow students. 我观察汤姆和其他一些同学在一起;指同类中余下的另一个或另一些;3 the otherone/ones.Ill have to use our duplicate key. I lost the other one. 我不得不用我们的备用钥匙了,
11、我把那一把丢了;Where are the other students. 其他同学去哪儿了?One of the murderers was caught, but the other is still at large. 一个凶手被抓住了,另一个却依旧逍遥法外;是 other 的复数形式,指其他的、另外的人或物;4 others We should not think only of our children, there are others to be cared for also. 我们不应当只想到自己的孩子,仍有别的孩子也需要照料;Others may object to this
12、 plan. 别人可能会反对这个方案;5 the others 表示同类中余下的全部;The search party was divided into two groups. Some went to the right, the others went to the left. 搜寻小组一分为二,一部分人向右,另一部分向左;Jenny is cleverer than any of. the others in her class. 珍妮比班上的其他(任何)人都聪慧;7. 复合不定代词 someone somebody, something, anyoneanybody, anything
13、, no onenobody, nothing, everyone everybody, everything 2 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 1 someone, somebody 某人和 something 某物Someone is asking to see you. 有人要见你;Someone suggests putting off the meeting. 有人建议推迟会议;Theres something wrong with the machine. 机器出了毛病;Something stran
14、ge happened last night. 昨晚发生了件古怪的事;2 anyone, anybody 任何人和 anything 任何事情Anybody can do this work. Its very simple. 这事太简洁了,人人都能做;Did you meet anyone on your way home. 你回家的路上遇到什么人了吗?He faltered:Is anything wrong? 他支支唔唔地说: “ 有什么错吗?”He did not say anything after that. 这以后他再也没说什么;3 no one, nobody 没有人 . 和
15、nothing(没有东西);Im not somebody. Im nobody. 我不是重要人物,我是个无名小卒;No one wants to do that. 没人愿做那种事;Nobody is absent. 没有人缺席;Thats nothing. 那没有什么;He said he knew nothing about it. 他说他对那事一无所知;4 everyone, everybody(每个人)和 everything(每样东西,一切事物);She said good-bye to everyone. 她和每个人辞别;Everybodys business is nobodys
16、 business. 事关大家无人管;Everything is ready for the experiment. 试验的一切都预备好了;This news means everything to us. 这个消息对我们至关重要;复合不定代词用法大盘点复合不定代词是由some-,any- ,no- ,every- 加上 -one ,-body ,-thing等所组成的不定代词;复合不定代词包括something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybo
17、dy, everyone 等十二个;这些复合代词具出名词性质,在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语,但不能用作定语;使用时留意以下几点:一、复合不定代词的指代对象1、含-body 和-one 的复合代词只用来指人,含-body 的复合不定代词与含-one 的复合不定代词在功能和意义上完全相同,可以互换;只是用-body 时显得较通俗些,多用于口语中,用-one 时显得较文静些,更常见于正式场合及书面语中;如:Someone/Somebody is crying in the next room. 有人在隔壁房间哭;No one/Nobody is stupid. 没有谁是愚蠢的;2、含-thing 的
18、复合不定代词只用来指事物;如:Are you going to buy anything. 你会去买东西吗?I can hear nothing but your vioce. 我只听到了你的声音;二、复合不定代词的属格1、含-one 和 -body 等指人的复合代词可有- s 属格形式;如:Everybodys business is nobodys business. 大家的事情没人管;Is this anybodys seat. 这儿有人坐吗?2、含-one 和 -body 等指人的复合代词后跟 else 时, - s 属格应加在 else 之后;如:Can you remember s
19、omeone else s name. 你仍记得其他人的姓名吗?3、含-thing 等指事物的复合不定代词没有- s 属格形式;三、复合不定代词的数1、复合不定代词都具有单数的含义,因此通常被看成是单数第三人称;当它们充当句子的主语时,其后的谓语动词用单数形式;如:Is everyone here today. 今日,大家都到齐了吗?3 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事,只怕有心人;2、当要对一群人讲话
20、时,可使用以复合不定代词作主语的祈使句,句中的动词用原形;如:Nobody move!= Don anybody move ! 都别动!Everyone lie down. 统统趴下!四、复合不定代词的替代问题由于复合不定代词都具有单数的含义,所以在正规的英语中用来替代它们的代词也应当是单数形式;1、含-one 和-body 等指人的复合代词,其代词应当是he/she, him/her,其- s 属格形式的代词应当是his/her, his/hers;如:Everyone has his/her own words. 每个人都有他(她)自己的说辞;但是,这样一来就会由于性别的差异而使得在代词的
21、运用上具有不确定性,所以为了防止这种别扭的情形,我们一般都是用 they/them/their/theirs, 特别是在口语中以及非正式场合下;如:No one gave you a ticket, did they. 没人给你票,是吗?Someone came in, but I didnt know who they were. 有人进来了,但我不知道是谁;2、含-thing 等指事物的复合不定代词,不会因性别上的差异而使得在代词的运用上产生不确定性,因此我们就使用 it ;如:Something goes wrong, doesn t it.出问题了,是吗?五、复合不定代词的定语复合不定
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