2022年小学英语情态动词知识点及练习.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师总结 优秀学问点情态动词【学问要点】 : 情态动词（ Modal verbs ）本身有肯定的词义,表示语气的单词；但是不能独立作谓语,只能和 动词原形 一起构成谓语；情态动词用在行为动词前,表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想； 情态动词虽然数量不多, 但用途广泛,主要有以下： can could, may might, must, need, ought to, dare dared, shall should, will would must not. 情态动词无人称和数的变化,情态动词后面跟的动词须用原形,否定式构成是在情态动词

2、后面加 not；疑问形式是将情态动词提至主语前；个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式,过去式用来表达更加客气,委婉的语气,时态性不强,可用于过去,现在或将来；情态动词属非及物动词 ,故没有被动语态；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师总结 优秀学问点【典型例题 】: 【专题一】 : can 和 could 的用法【例 1】Can you lift this heavy box. 体力 【解析】表示才能 体力、学问、技能 【练习】1. Mary speak three languages. 学问 2. you ska

3、te. 技能 此时可用 be able to 代替； Can 只有一般现在时和一般过去式 ; 而 be able to 就有更多的时态；I ll not be able to come this afternoon.当表示“ 经过努力才得以做胜利某事” 时应用【例 2】-Can I go now.be able to,不能用 Can；- Yes, you can. / No, you cant.could,might【解析】表示恳求和答应； 此时可与 may互换；在疑问句中仍可用代替 , 不是过去式 , 只是语气更委婉 , 不能用于确定句和答语中；【练习】- I come to see you

4、 tomorrow.- Yes, you . /I m afraid not.-No, you 【例 3】Can this be true.【解析】表示估计 惊奇、怀疑、不信任的态度中；【练习】This be done by him. How this be true. 【专题二】 may 和 might 的用法：, 用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句【例 1】-M ight/ May I smoke in this room. - No, you mustnt.【解析】表示恳求和答应； might 比 may 语气更委婉 , 而不是过去式；否定回答时可用 cant或 mustnt, 表示“ 不行以

5、, 禁止” ；用 May I. . 征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气 , 而用 Can I. 在口语中更常见；【练习】- I take this book out of the room. - Yes, you . No, you 【例 2】May you succeed.【解析】用于祈使句 , 表示希望；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师总结 优秀学问点【例 3】He may /might be very busy now.【解析】表示估计、可能性 能性比 may 小；【练习】 不用于疑问句 ；might 不是过去

6、式 , 它所表示的可1. Your mother not know the truth.2. He very busy now.他现在可能很忙；【专题三】 must和 have to的用法：【例 1 】The man be our teacher；那个人肯定是我们的老师；【例 2 】I study hard because of my dream . 为了我的理想我必需努力学习；【例 3 】1.You come in time.你必需准时过来【解析】： must 表示必需、必要；表示主观对事物的估计时,意为想必、肯定,只用于确定句中 ; 表估计时,情态动词与动词原形to 强调客观需要；【练习】

7、 : 1. Her play is boring,I go now. 2.Your mother be waiting for you now. 常为 be 动词 连用；而 have 3.I go home,because my father is ill. 【例 4】- Must we hand in our exercise books today. -Yes,you -No,you 【解析】：在回答由 must引出的问句时,假如是否定的,不能用 mustnt, 而用neednt,don t have to.must 是说话人的主观看法 ,而 have to就强调客观需要；【练习】 : -

8、 -Must he go to school now. -Yes,he -No,he . 【专题四】 should及其否定式用法【例 1 】： I should help her because she is in trouble. 【解析】： should 表示应当、劝说、建议和命令；【练习】 : 名师归纳总结 1. You go to class right away. 第 3 页,共 7 页2.I open the window. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 【专题四】 need的用法名师总结优秀学问点【例 1】： You neednt c

9、ome so early.【解析】 need 作情态动词用时 , 常用于疑问句、否定句；在确定句中一般用 must, have to, ought to, should代替【练习】- Need I finish the work today. - Yes, you / No, you 【专题五】 should的用法【例 1】I should help her because she is in trouble【解析】 should表示应当【练习】You take care of the baby. should；【例 2】You should go to class right away. 【

10、解析】表示劝说、建议和命令；在疑问句中常用【练习】I open the window？【专题六】 will 和 would 的用法【例 1】 I will do anything for you.【解析】表示询问,恳求 , 将要；【练习】1. you pass me the book. go to the library. 2.She 【例 2】would you tell me the way to the school. 【解析】表示过去的意愿或委婉提问名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师总结 优秀学问点自我检

11、测一用适当的情态动词填空；1. Must I borrow the book with my ID card. No,you 2. I use your car. Yes, you 3. I go home now. No, you stay here and wait for the teacher. 4.My mother is ill.I stay at home and look after her. 5.I send an email to my friend. 6. You take more exercise. 7. you tell me how to get to the P

12、ark. 8. We help each other. 9. you like to go fishing with me. 10. we play foot ball this afternoon. 二按要求改写句子；1.I can run fast.否定句 I fast. 2.You must return the book now.一般疑问句 I return the book now.No,you . 3. He can play basketball well.一般疑问句 He basketball well. 4.They must take the books out of th

13、e room. 否定句 They the books out of the room. 5.He will get up early.否定句）He get up early. 三挑选题；1. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _ for her. A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it ou D. ought to write it out 2. There were already five people in the car

14、 but they managed to take me as well. It _ a comfortable journey. A. can t be B. shouldn t beC. mustnt have been D. couldn t have been3. It s nearly seven o clock. Jack _ be here at any moment.A. must B. need C. should D. can 4. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself. A. wont; can t

15、B. mustnt; mayC. shouldn t; must D. can t; shouldn t5. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. 名师归纳总结 A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to 第 5 页,共 7 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师总结 优秀学问点6. When can I come for the photos. I need them tomorrow afternoon

16、. They _ be ready by 12:00. A. can B. should C. might D. need 7. I stayed at a hotel while in New York. Oh, did you. You _ with Barbara. A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed 8. Are you coming to Jeffs parI m not sure. I _ go to the concert instead.A. must B. would C.

17、should D. might 9. I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word. A. mustnt leave B. shouldn t have leftC. couldn ave left D. neednt leave10. Is John coming by train. He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. A. must B. can C. need D. may 11. A left-luggage office is a place whe

18、re bags _ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station. A. should B. can C. must D. will 12. I wonder how he _ that to the teacher. A. dare to say C. not dare say B. dare saying D. dared say 13. When he was there, he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day. B. should

19、 C. had better D. might A. would 14. It has been announced that candidates _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. D. shall A. can B. will C. may 15. How _ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only a part of the article. A. can B. must C. n

20、eed D. may 16. I hear you ve got a se t of valuable Australian coin. _ I have a look. Yes, certainly. 名师归纳总结 A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should 第 6 页,共 7 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师总结 优秀学问点 答案解析一、1.needn t/don have to 2.Can can 3. May must 4.have to 5. will 6.should 7.can/could 8. must/sh

21、ould 9.Would 10.can 二1.Can t run 2.Must neednt 3. Can play 4.cant take 5.wouldn t 三1. C ；“ought to / should have+ 过去分词” 表示懊悔起初该做但却没做某事；“ 或许我本该把具体地址写给她的；”2. D；“couldn t have+过去分词” 表示对过去情形的估计；既然小汽车上“ 已有五人” ,且是“ 设法” 才把你带去的,如此拥挤,旅途当然“ 不行能”舒适；3. C；nearly 示意“ 时间不早了” , Jack“ 按理应当 should 随时 at any moment” 都

22、有可能到达这里；意义不通,也不用于确定句；must 语气过强 ;can 一般不用于确定估计 ;need 4. B ；mustnt 不许、千万不 表示禁止； may 表示可能性；句意为“ 你千万不要玩刀子,可能会弄伤自己的” ；5. D；表示过去具体某次“ 能够” 做成某事只能用 不用 could ； was / were able to 而6. B；should 表示按理应当,大致；can 一般不用于确定估计 ; 用 might 语气太不愿定,顾客可能走掉；7. A ；could have done 表示本可以做但却没有做的事；句意为“ 你原来可以住在 Barbara 那儿的”; 而 must

23、 have done 只表示有把握的确定估计,这与前面具有疑问语气的 Oh, did you. 不符；8. D ；语境明显提示“ 我可能 might 要去听音乐会”9. B ；表示稍微的批评,句意为“ 我真的好担忧你啊；你当时本不该不说 一声就离开家的” ；10. D ；由“ 他自己喜爱开车” 这一习惯推断,“ 他可能不会 火车来” ； can not “ 不行能” ,语气太确定；11. B ；can 表示“ 可以” ； should 应当 , must 必需 , willmay not 坐 情愿 均不符合语境；12. D；dare 作行为动词时 , 一般接 to do,但疑问式或否定式中 to 可以 省略,此句有疑问口气；13. A ；would 表示过去的习惯；14. D ；在规章中警告应考者,在收完全部试卷前“ 必需” 留在教室里；15. A ；can 在疑问句中,表示疑问、怀疑,依据情形可译作“ 能、可以”等；名师归纳总结 16. B ；may 表示恳求对方答应,即：“ 我可以做 吗.”第 7 页,共 7 页- - - - - - -