现代大学英语精读第二版第一册课后练习提高知识材料学习答案解析完全.doc

#+ Unit One Preview: 1 True or false 1F 2T 3F 4F 5T 6F 7T 8T 9T 10T Vocabulary 4. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets 1. differ 2. differently, different 3. difference 4. serious, serious, seriously 5. seriousness, seriously polluted 6. Fortunately/ Luckily, pollution, seriously, pollute 7. attention 8. attentively, attentive 3 Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases and expressions. 1. on their own 2. show off 3. burst into 4. given rise to 5. brought about 6. to resort to 7. clinging to 8. give rise to 9. took advantage of 10. in vain, make, out of 4 Translate the following sentences using words and expressions taken from the text. 1. 他们利用我们求助无门的困境把我们公司接管了。 They took advantage of our helpless situation and took over our company. 2. 虽然我们面前仍有困难，但我肯定我们中国人有智慧靠自己实现国家的和平统一。 Although there are still difficulties ahead of us, I am sure that we Chinese people will have the wisdom to bring about the peaceful unification of our country on our own. 3. 只强调国内生产总值是错误的，它会引起很多严重问题。 It is wrong to put emphasis on nothing but GDP. It will give rise to many serious problems. 4. 他喜欢炫耀他的财富，但是这完全是徒劳的，人们仍然像躲避毒药那样躲避他。 He loves to show off his wealth, but this is all in vain. People still avoid him as though he were poison. 5. 他不久就爱上了这个村子。他决心和村民一起把这个地方变成一个花园。 He soon fell in love with the village and was determined to make it a beautiful garden together with other villagers. 6. 我们必须花更多的钱来和全球气温上升作斗争。另外，我认为我们还必须采用严厉的法律措施。这不只是一个钱的问题。 We must spend more money fighting against global warming. In addition, we must resort to tough laws. It is not just a matter of money. 7. 当警察到达学校的时候，学生和老师还在一种茫然不知所措的状态。 When the police arrive at the school, the students and the teachers were still in a daze. 8. 这个腐败的官员还在死死抓住他的权力不放。他拒绝靠边站。 This corrupt official was still clinging to his power. He refused to step aside. 9. 当那个人最后进入视界时，我发现他原来是我父亲。不知道他怎么在这大雪中找到这个地方的。那时候，我放声大哭起来。 When the man finally came into view, I found it was my father. I didn’t know how he managed to find this place in the blinding snow. At that moment, I burst into tears. 10. 她不时地偷偷朝他张望。 她发现自己第一次这样看一个年轻男子。 She glanced at him from time to time. It was the first time in her life that she had found herself looking at a young like that. 5. Fill u in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs 1 of 2 from 3 for 4 out 5 up 6 up 7 up for 8. out 9. with 10. of 11. of 12. of 13. up Grammar: 2 Fill in the blanks with the correct form of word(s) in the brackets. 1. had overslept 2. had invited 3. was born, had left 4. had gone, told 5. had worked, were admitted 6. loved, had always been 7. was, had been 8. became, had read 9. returned, came 10. met, had once treated, said, was, had done, forgave, asked 3. Fill in the blanks with ONE suitable word. 1. easy 2. beginning 3. But 4. suddenly 5. worried 6. If 7. master 8. number 9. habit 10. go 4 Translate the following sentences into English 1. 上大学之前，我没有想到大学生活如此丰富多彩。 Before I came to/ entered college, I had never thought life at college would be so rich and interesting. 2. 出生于20世纪90年代的中国大学生大多数是独生子女。 Most of the Chinese college students born in the 1990s are the only child of their families. 3.了解他的人都因为他出色的工作而钦佩他。 All those who know him admire him for his hard work. 4. 我那天缺课了，因为我不知道课已提前到了周四。 I missed the class because I didn’t know it had moved up to Thursday. 5. 在某些国家，超重的人会受到一定的惩罚。 In some countries, those who are overweight will be punished one way or another. 6.在大火中失去家园的人们很快被安置到安全的地方。 Soon after the fire, those who had lost their homes were taken to a place of safety. 7. 再见面的时候，我们发现我们两人变化都很大。 When we met again, we found we both had changed a lot. 8. 以李教授为首的专家们很快就会来帮助农民解决问题。 A team of experts headed by Professor Li will soon come and help farmers solve their problems. 9.现在种着西红柿的那块地以往是荒地。 The field planted with tomatoes used to be wasteland. 10.我们老师叫我们读像矛盾、巴金那样大师们写的作品。 Our teacher told us to read books written by such masters as Mao Dun and Ba Jin. Unit 2 Vocabulary 4. Translate the following sentences, paying special attention to the words in bold type. 1. 一个男子突然站了起来，用他的鞋子朝他扔过去。幸亏他及时低头躲了过去。 2. 我们在他回家前把房间通通风吧。 3.她虽然八十好几了，但还能穿针引线。 4. 我们必须勇敢面对这个危险。总有人妖在我们这里浑水摸鱼。 5. 她清楚地知道，如果2把那钱放进口袋，她就会倒大霉。[head for:很可能遭受（不幸）；会招致] 6.会议是由一个刚刚平步青云，掌握大权的妇女主持的。 7. 正如老话所说，剥猫皮可以有很多种方法。 （不必墨守成规） 8. 一对年轻的恋人坠入爱河，仅因为此，他们被用石头活活砸死。 9. 我希望贫富差距能够缩小。前两天我见到一个饿极了的年轻人在一家饭馆狼吞虎咽地吃残羹剩饭。 10.桌子上的食品如此诱人，我都流口水了。 3. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets 1. is that we can’t find enough foreign markets 2. is that with democracy there is no harmonious society 3. is that we should give/ allow students more freedom 4. is not strong enough to send him to prison 5. reliable enough to be her husband 6. is not big enough to hold so many people 7. There doesn’t seem to be any different opinion 8. Because at that time there seemed to be enough food for everybody 9. Because there didn’t seem to be any good reason at the time 10. because he was being followed at that time 11. my car is being repaired/fixed 12. I hear it is being criticized by many people 13 a good doctor, but he doesn’t know much about history 14. an excellent English professor, but she doesn’t know everything 15. we may be poor, but we are no beggars. 16. I shouldn’t have told her in such a hurry 17. I shouldn’t (have gone) 18. we should have listened to them 4 Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words and phrases 1. move in on, happened to 2. aware of 3. heard of 4. think twice 5. Because of, hand over 6. the other day, on duty 7. on the case, as to 8. in the first place 5. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions and adverbs. 1 on 2 into 3 up 4 forward to 5 down upon 6 up 7 up to 6 Translate the following sentence into English 1. 在我看来，这似乎不可能，但是其他所有人看起来都很有信心。 It seems impossible to me, but all the others looked very confident. 2. 我们四下一望，没有一个仍然矗立的建筑物了。地震似乎把一切的摧毁了。 We looked around. There wasn’t a building standing in sight. The earthquake seemed to have destroyed everything. 3. ---他这些日子里似乎情绪很低落，不知道为什么。 He looks to be in a low spirits. I wonder why. ---我觉得那是因为他似乎学习上没有多少进步。他怕被同学瞧不起。 I think it is because he doesn’t seem to be making much progress in his studies. He is afraid of being looked upon by his classmates. 4. ---你在找什么，迪克？W What are you looking for, Dick? ---我好像把钥匙丢了。真烦人。 I seem to have lost my key. How annoying! 5. 如果你发现一个字在中间说不通，你就该查查字典。这是掌握意思的唯一办法。 If you find a word that doesn’t seem to make any sense in a sentence, you should look it up in the dictionary. That is the only way to learn to use a word. 6. 他们继续争吵了几个钟头，两人似乎谁也不愿听对方的话。我突然想起有人说过：“讨论是知识的交流，而争吵是无知的交换。” They went on arguing for hours. Neither was willing to listen to the other. I suddenly remembered someone saying: “Discussion is an exchange of knowledge while argument is an exchange of ignorance.” 7. 那里的形式似乎非常复杂，政府已答应进行认真调查。 The situation there seems quite complicated. The government has promised to look into it. 8. 我爷爷似乎正在好起来，但是他任然需要有人照顾。 My grandpa seems to be getting better and better, but he still needs somebody to look after him. 9. 经济学家已经得出结论：危机似乎很快就要结束了，世界经济正在好转。 Economists have come to the conclusion that the crisis seems to be coming to an end. World economy is looking up. 10.这次病后，我看了看我的银行账本。使我伤心的是，账上的余额几乎是零。我前三年存在银行的钱全花完了。 When I got well I looked at my bank account. To my sadness, I found my balance was almost zero. All my sayings in the past three years were gone. 7. fill in each blank with the correct form of the appropriate word in the brackets. Ago and before: 1. 和过去式连用，不能和现在完成式连用 2. 说“现在的多长时间以前”用ago; 说“过去某时的多长时间以前”用before。所以通常ago 用于过去式，before用于过去完成式中。 Eg. Two years ago, I left the company, which I had joined two years before. Grammar 3. Fill in each blank of the passage with ONE suitable word 1 type/ kind 2 lending 3 for 4 is 5 pay 6 opening 7 balance 8 store/keep/save/put 9 changes 10 withdraw 4 Translate the following sentence using one of the patterns listed in Grammar exercise 1-2 1. 你还是试一试别的方法吧。 You ought to try a different method. 2. 要不你再去和写作老师谈一谈？ I think you ought to talk with our writing teacher about it. 3. 我们还是立即向警方报告这次失窃吧。 We ought to report the theft to the police immediately. 4. 你的父母身体不好，你多去看看他们吧。 You ought to see your parents more often now that they are not in good health. 5. 你不该对长辈那样大声嚷嚷。 You shouldn’t have shouted at the elders like that. 6. 这么重要的会议你是不该迟到的。 You shouldn’t have been late for such an important meeting. 7. 难道吉姆不是你的朋友吗？他提出要帮你，你是不该拒绝的。 Isn’t Jim your friend? You shouldn’t have turned down/ rejected his offer of help. 8. 作为一个大学生，你是不该把业余时间都花在网络游戏上。 As a college student, you shouldn’t have spent all your free time playing computer games. 9. 万一我这次失败了，我还会再试第二次的。 If I failed this time, I would try for the second time. 10. 要是地球继续变暖，这些岛屿将不复存在。 If the global warming continued, these islands would disappear. 11. 我要是现在有一百万元，我一定会给父母买一套房子。 If I had a million yuan, I would buy my parents an apartment. 12. 要是我当选为学生会主席，我没准会组织一次钢琴比赛。 If I were elected president of the students’ union, I might organize a piano competition. 5 Identify and correct the mistakes 1. No one knew what had happened/was happening there. / No one knows what is happening /has happened there. 2. My parents had a good reason to be angry with me. I shouldn’t have lied to them in the first place. 3. The new Prime Minister is well aware that his government is faced with a lot of problems. / The new Prime Minister is well aware of the problems his government is face with. 4. If you won the prize, what would you do you the money? 5. The guest was greeted with a bunch of flowers at the airport. 6. The teller was arguing with a young customer about something when the narrator entered the bank. 7. The narrator thought the bank’s policy was ridiculous. 8. It was understandable for her to be angry with me. / She had a good reason to be angry with me. 9. I shouldn’t have lied to her in the first place. 10. He had no choice but to do what he was told to. Unit 3 Vocabulary 1. 3 Translate the following expressions 1心中不高兴的纳税人 2. 一个不平等条约 3. 不为人知的捣蛋分子 4. 不幸的结果 5. 未曾预料到（出其不意）的访问 6. 可以预见的未来 7. 一个令人难忘的人物 8. 变化莫测的天气 9. 非饮用水 10. 在可以付得起的价位上 11. 难以描述的痛苦折磨 12. 由于可以理解的原因 13. 拓宽街道 14. 加深湖泊 15. 缩短文章 16. 重组政府 17. 重游故乡 18. 更换旧机器 4. Complete the sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets. 1. represent, represented 2. employer, unemployed, employees, reemployed 3. well-informed, information 4. informer, inform, authorities 5. complaints, complain, unemployment 6. insult 7. insulting, insult 8. representative 9. be insulted 2 Complete the following verb + noun collocations or expressions 1 mind (his own business) 2 plant / grow / harvest / reap (the rice) 3 dig / sink (a well) 4. (catch) fish / birds / crabs / mice/ a thief / a cold / the meaning / the disease 5 till / improve / conserve (the soil) 6 plough (the field) 7 (condemn) the enemy / the killings 8 (attract) attention / interest / criticism 9 (gather) flowers/ nuts / information /troops 4. Fill in the blanks with correct prepositions and adverbs (1) in, of, with, at, with, about/of, to, of, on, to (2) of, for, from, till, on, after, against/from, in (3) to, in, of, of, for, to, for, in, to, (4) down, over, with (5) by, over, (6) along, with, across (7) around/ round, away, with (8) to, up, off, off, on 5 Translate the following sentences, using the link +predicative pattern 1. 祝英台虽然不愿意嫁给马家小少爷，但她不能不服从她父亲。她的心都碎了。 Zhu Yingtai had to (was forced to) obey her father and marry the young master of the rich Ma family although she was extremely unwilling. She was heartbroken. 2. 那个人从来没见过这么大的一张钞票。他说：“这东西看着好，摸着也好，的确就是好。” The man had never seen such a large note. He said, “It looks good, feels good, and it is good.” 3. 树叶都变黄，变红，变紫了。看起来真是如天堂一样美。 Leaves had turned/got/gone/become yellow, red and purple, It really looked heavenly beautiful (beautiful like heaven). 4. 随着年纪越来越老，她开始容易感到疲惫。 As she grew older, she began to feel tired easily. 5. 他的话听起来很有说服力，但好听的理由并不等于好的理由，两者之间存在很大差别。 What he said sounded very convincing, but reasons that sound good do not always mean good sound reasons. There is a big difference between the two. 6. 他爱说话，他永远无法保持沉默，而他说的往往被证明是错的。 He likes to talk. He can never keep quiet, and what he says often proves (turns out to be) incorrect. 7. 他在战斗中受了伤，流了很多血，变得十分虚弱，他的领导强迫他留在医院到伤口痊愈为止。 He got wounded in battle, lost a lot of blood, and became very weak. His leaders ordered him to stay in the hospital until he was completely recovered ( healed). 8 他以为可以从我们手中滑过去；他们错了，他们休想干了坏事就溜走。 They thought they could slip through our fingers. They were wrong. They couldn’t get away with what they had done. 9. 长征的时候，红军需要越过大渡河，穿越草地，翻过雪山。 During the Long March, the Red Army had to get across the Dadu River, through the grassland and over the sown-covered mountains. 10. 你在哪里生活习惯了吗?你和同学相处的如何？我们给你寄的钱够你凑合着用吗？ Are you used to the life there? How do you get along with your classmates? Can you get by with the money we send you? (Is the money we send you enough for you?) 7 Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the appropriate word or phrase in the brackets. 1 wish 2 hoping 3 hope, wish 4 wished 5 hope 6 can’t, can, won’t 7 should, would/could/might 8 happened/occurred, happen/occur 9 occurred, taken place/happened/occurred 10 happen, take place Grammar 3. Fill in each blank of the passage with ONE suitable word 1. trying 2 enough 3 brought 4 without 5 first 6 simple 7 any 8 times 9 in 10 only 4 Translate the following sentence using sentence patterns of unreal condition or as. 1. If you had arrived ten minutes earlier, you could have caught the train. 2. Your father would have forgiven you if you had told him the truth. 3. If it hadn’t snowed heavily, I would have taken you along to yesterday’s party. 4. If there had been more rain in spring, the harvest would have been much better. 5. If they hadn’t learned a lesson from their failure, they wouldn’t have achieved so much. 6. If my family hadn’t supported me, I wouldn’t have taken part in this contest. 7. Many people think that China’s Great Wall is one of the seven wonders of the ancient world,. 8. As so often happens, misfortunes/troubles never come singly/alone. 9. As is often the case with many first-year college students, Jim finds it hard to adapt to the life at college. 10. As is reported, the president will visit five African countries next month. 5 Identify and correct the mistake(s) 1. Supermarkets have sprung up everywhere in Beijing since the 1990s. 2. The old lady finds the shop filled with goods she