2022年外研版七年级下册英语语法专题复习4.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 优秀教案 欢迎下载七下英语重要学问点梳理语法学问点1.词类：物主代词、情态动词 can和方位介词短语2.时态：一般将来时态和一般过去时态3.句型：特别疑问句、祈使句、感叹句和挑选疑问句词类1 物主代词：表示所属关系的代词（ 属于谁的）单 数 复 数人称 形容词性物主代 名词性物主代 形容性物主代 名词性物主代词 词 词 词第一人称 my mine our ours 其次人称 your yours your yours his his 第三人称 her hers their Theirs its its 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系：物

2、主代词练习形容词性物主代词：必需和名词在一起；My father, your teacher. 名词性物主代词 :相当于与之相对应的形容词性物主代词 +名词；This shirt is mine. =This is my shirt. （1）挑选题；名师归纳总结 （）1. Look at . A. him B. he C. his C. them 第 1 页,共 10 页（）2. I drive to the park every day. A. they B. their （）3. classroom is big. A. we B. us C. Our B. my C. me （）4. I

3、 love . A. she B. her C. hers （）5. Do you know . A. I B. my C. me （）6. I am son. A. they B. their C. them （）7. This is not _ desk. My desk is over there. A. I - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - （优秀教案欢迎下载A. you B. your C. yours ）8. Can you spell _ name, Harry. Sorry. （）9. Tom and Jack are brothers

4、. This is _ room. A. they B. them C. their （）10. We are in the same class. _ classroom is very nice. A. our B. my C. ours （）11. Mrs. Green is my teacher. Im _ student.A. he B. his C. him （）12. That s a cat. _ name is Mimi.A. It B. Its C. Its（2）用括号里的代词的适当形式填空1, Mr Yang is _we teacher._him is from Bei

5、jing. _his teaches_our English. 2, Look,there is a cat._they is Lilys._it name is Mimi. 3, Let_I tell _she about_he life at school. 4, This is _they room.Where is _our. 5, Dont use the eraser._ is _me. 6, The lady under the tree is _me aunt._her often sings with _she husband 2 情态动词 can 1.含义：表达人或物的才能

6、,能或会2.特点：情态动词 can 没有人称和数的变化,之后要加动词原形；3.否定形式： cannot正式用法 cant口语 4.句型结构：确定句：主语 + 情态动词+ 动词原形+ 其他 + ；She / They can swim well. 否定句：主语 + 情态动词+ not + 动词原形+ 其他 + ；She / They can not swim well. 一般疑问句：情态动词+ 主语 + 动词原形+ 其他 + ？Can she / they swim well. Yes, she / they can. / No, she / they cant.特别疑问句：疑问词 + 情态动词

7、 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + . Why can she / they swim well. Who can swim well. 练习：名师归纳总结 1 The sign on the wall means you stay away from the building. 第 2 页,共 10 页A. must B. can t C. shouldnt 2 How many books you see on the desk. A. may B. can C. should - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3 - 优秀教案欢迎下载t. y

8、ou see the sign over there. - Sorry, I canA. Can B. Can t C. Should 否定句 4. I can run fast. I _ _ fast. 5. He can play basketball well. （一般疑问句）_ he _ basketball well. 3 介词over 正上方 on behind/at the back of 在.后面on the left of. 在左边in the front of on the right of. 在右边next to/near 在 邻近,紧挨着在 里面的前面 under .在

9、.正下方in front of.在.前面between .and .在两者之间 Lingling sits between Tony and Daming. 玲玲坐在托尼和大明之间 among 在三者或三者以上之间 Miss Li is among lots of students. 李老师在很多同学之间 留意：介词短语常和 be 动词连用；时态1 一般将来时时间状语： in+一段时间； tomorrow；in the future; next+时间； this+时间（表示将来时间的状语） be（is,am.are） going to 的用法；含义：方案,准备做某事将来时句型结构：名师归纳总结

10、 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 一般将来时优秀教案欢迎下载be going to+动词原形确定句结构：主语 +be going to +动词原形 +其他. 否定句结构：主语 +be not going to +动词原形 +其他 . 一般疑问句： be 动词提前 Be +主语 +going to +动词原形 +其他？确定回答： Yes,主语 +be. 否定回答： No,主语 +be not. 留意：表示方案到某地去, 谓语动词 go与 going重复,一般只说 be going to + 地点 . come/go/arrive

11、/leave等表示位置转移的动词可用于现在进行表将来；Eg: I am going to London next year. She is going to check her email. Look. The bus is coming. 由 shall和 will 引导的一般将来时含义：将会 特点：助动词 shall和 will 没有人称和数的变化,之后要加动词原形；shall在一般将来时中,一般用于第一人称之后；例如： I/We shall have an English lesson.我们将有一节英语课；否定形式： shall notshant will notwon t将来时句型结构

12、 : 确定句：主语 +shall/will+do 否定句：主语 +shall/will+not+do（will not 可缩写成 wont）一般疑问句： shall/will+主语 + do 特别疑问句：疑问词 + shall/will+主语 +do 2 一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用；一般过去时也表示过去常常或反复发生的动作；2标志性时间状语： yesterday（昨天） , last week（上周） , last month（上个月） , last year（去年） , two months ago（两个月前） , the day

13、 before yesterday（前天）,in 1990 在 1990 年, in those days （在那些日子里）等表示过去的时间状语连用；3动词结构： V-ed 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 优秀教案 欢迎下载动词过去式变化规章：1一般在动词末尾加 -ed,如： pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2结尾是 e加 d,如： taste-tasted 3末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾 的辅音字母,再加 -ed,如： stop-stopped 4以 “辅

14、音字母 +y” 结尾的,变 y 为 i, 再加 -ed,如： study-studied 5不规章动词过去式：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 优秀教案 欢迎下载lose丢失 -_ make制造 -_ mean意思 -_ meet见 -_ pay付 -_ drink 喝 -_ drive驾驶 -_ eat吃 -_ fall 落下 -_ fly 飞 -_ say说 -_ forget忘 -_ sell卖 -_ give给 -_ send送-_ go去 -_ sit坐 -_ sleep睡 -_ smell嗅 -_ sp

15、ell拼写 -_ spend度过 -_ grow成长 -_ know知道 -_ lie躺 -_ ring按铃 -_ write 写 -_ stand站 -_ ride骑 -_ teach教 -_ tell告知 -_ see观察 -_ wake弄醒 -_ win赢 -_ sing唱 -_ think 想 -_ speak讲话 -_ understand懂得 -_ wear穿 -_ begin开头 -_ swim泳 -_ blow吹 -_ break 打破 -_ choose挑选 -_ do做 -_ draw 画 -_ 4. 句式变化规章：take拿 -_ throw扔 -_ become成为 -

16、_ come来 -_ run 跑 -_ Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：（1）am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为was；（ was not=wasnt）（2）are 在一般过去时中变为 were；（ were not=werent）（3）带有 was或 were 的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在 was或 were 后加 not,一般疑问句把 was或 were 调到句首；句中没有 be 动词的一般过去时的句子否定句： didnt +动词原形,如： Jim went home yesterday. _ 一般疑问句：在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形；名

17、师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 优秀教案 欢迎下载如： Jim went home yesterday._ 特别疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句？如： Jim went home yesterday. _ 考考你的把握度：1. 我准备明天和伴侣去野炊；I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my friends. 2. 下个星期一你准备去干嘛. 我想去打篮球；What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday. I _ _ _ play

18、 basketball. What _ you do next Monday. I _ play basketball. 3. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping. 4. Ill go and join them.（改否定）I _ go _ join them. 5. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）_ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow. 6. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30. （

19、改一般疑问句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30. 用所给动词的适当形式填空；1.Tom _ visit a farm last week. 2. The twins _ water the flowers in the garden yesterday morning. 3. I _ watch a film with my friend last Friday. 4. My father _ be in London last year. 5. What_ do you do three days ago. 6. _ be there any parks h

20、ere in 1950. 7. What_do you do just now. I _ wash my clothes. 改写句子1. We are all happy. 改成一般过去时 We _ all happy. 2. I visit my grandparents every week. 用 last week 代替 every week _ 3 There were some zebras in the zoo last year. 改为一般疑问句并作确定回答 _ 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 优秀

21、教案 欢迎下载四、用所给词的适当形式填空；1.Today is a sunny day. We _ have a picnic this afternoon. 2. My brother _ go to Shanghai next week. 3. Tom often _go to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ go to school by bike. 4. What do you usually do at weekends. I usually _ watch TV and _catch insects. It s Friday toda

22、y. What _she _ do this weekend. She _ watch TV and _ catch insects. 6. What _ do you do last Sunday. I _ pick apples on a farm. What _ do next Sunday. I _ milk cows. 7. Mary _ visit her grandparents tomorrow. 8. David _ give a puppet show next Monday. 9. I _ plan for my study now. 句型1 特别疑问句；含义：以特别疑问

23、词开头的疑问句；特别疑问词总结： what 什么（职业,姓名等）what day 星期几 What day is it today. what size 多大尺码What size are your shoes. what time =when 什么时间 what colour 什么颜色 what size 多大号 when 什么时候（就时间提问）where 什么地方（就地点提问）who 谁（问人的身份,姓名等）which 哪一个 why 为什么（就缘由提问,常用 because回答）how 怎么样how many多少（提问可数名词数量）How many books do you have .

24、 多少（提问不行数名词数量） How much water is there in the glass. How much 多少钱（提问价格）How old 几岁（提问年龄）名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 优秀教案 欢迎下载多长（提问长度） How long is this ruler. How long 这把尺子有多长？多长时间（时间连续多久）How long do you go to school . 你去学校要多长时间？How often 多久（提问频率既单位时间发生多少次）How soon （仍要多久时间

25、才能开头或终止）How soon will he come back . How far （提问距离有多远）他多久才能回来？How heavy （提问有多重）句型结构：特别疑问词 + 一般疑问句？Eg :Why do you like watching TV . 当堂检测：就划线部分提问；1He often has lunch in the factoryhe often lunch？2They will come back in a month will they come back？3He hurt his leg last Sunday he hurt his leg ？4I got u

26、p at six this morning you up this morning ？5They were drawing a horse when I came in they when I came in ？6I didnt go to school because I had a bad cold you go to school？7Youd better take the No3 bus bus I better take？8Hes feeling well he feeling ？9The girl in a red coat is my sister is your sister？

27、10He comes to China once a year he to China？11. He goes to see his grandma twice a week . 对括号部分提问 _. 12. My father goes to work by car. 改为特别疑问句 _. 13. It take 15 minutes for a ferry to cross the river. 对括号部分提问 _. 14. You can dial 110 to call the police. 对括号部分提问 _ _ can you dial to call the police 15

28、. Ted put his bag in the desk . 改为特别疑问句 _ _ Ted _ in the desk. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 10 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 优秀教案 欢迎下载16. The students went camping last week. 对括号部分提问 _. 17. Diogenes came from Greece . 对括号部分提问 _ _ Diogenes _ _. 18. The way to keep fit is to eat food and take morn exercise

29、. 对括号部分提问 _ _ the way to _ _. 2 祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、恳求、建议或劝说的句子；其主语 you 常省略,谓语动词用原形,句末用感叹号或句号,读降调；1. 确定的祈使句（1）动词原形 +其他Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立；（2）Be + adj. Be careful. = Look out. = Take care. 当心 / 当心！（3）Lets + 动词原形Let s go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧；2. 否定的祈使句：有 be 动词直接加 not,没有加 dont3 感叹

30、句由what 引导的感叹句：what+a/an+adj.+n.+主语 +谓语 ！. What a clever girl she is. 多么聪慧的姑娘呀！What an interesting story it is. 多么好玩的故事呀！What good children they are. 他们是多么好的孩子呀！由how引导的感叹句：How+adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语 ！. How happy they look. 他们显得多么兴奋呀！How well she sings. 她唱得多好呀！练习1. _ fast the boy ran. A. How B. How an C. Wh

31、at D. What an 2. _ well you sing but _ badly he dances. A. How, how B. What, what C. How, what D. What, how d like some more.3. _ delicious the soup is. IA. How B. How an C. What D. What an 4. _ fools they were. They believed what the man said. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 5. _ foolish they were. They believed what the man said. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 10 页