2022年定语从句专项讲解.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载导入 定语从句专项讲解提问：定语是什么？修饰限定名词或代词的成分被称为 定语 ；举例 : This is a beautiful flower. （形容词作定语,置前）This is a flower in the garden. （介词短语作定语,置后）This is the flowerwhich you gave to me.（定语从句作定语,置后）先行词关系词定语从句学问点梳理定义：在复合句中 , 修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做 定语从句 ；结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 其他关系词的用法 : 1. 关系词的分类： 1）

2、关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose 2）关系副词：when, where, why 作状语 2. 关系代词在句中充当成分名师归纳总结 关系代词who whom that which whose 第 1 页,共 6 页充当成分主、宾（可省）、表宾语主、宾（可省）、表主、宾 可省 、表定语- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 先行词人精品资料欢迎下载物人或物人人或物3. 关系代词的具体用法who, whom的用法1 who 在定语从句中作 主语 、宾语或表语,作宾语可省 ；The girl who is in red is L

3、ily. 作_,不行省）I like the person who you are talking to. 作_,可用 whom/that 替换或者省略 You are who you are. 作_, 不行省 2 whom 在句中作 宾语 , 限制性从句可省,非限制性从句中不能省略I happened to meet the professor whom I got to know at a party yesterday. 作_,可省 I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards. （_后面不行省）温馨提示 ：关系代词 w

4、hom 在定语从句中作介词的宾语时,引出,此时 whom 不能省略；whose的用法常由“ 介词 + whom whose的先行词既可 指人 ,也可 指物 ；在定语从句中 作定语 ,whose = the n. +of which/whom e.g. This is the scientistwhose achievements are well known. whose 指人 = This is the scientist, _ the achievements are well known. e.g. I d like a room whose window faces the sea.

5、（whose指物）= I d like a room_ the window faces the sea. that 和 which 的用法 1 限制性定语从句中,通常情形下可以互换；that 指人或物 ,which 指物不指人 ,作 主语或宾语 ,作宾语可省,主语不能；His father works in a factorythat/which makes TV sets. 作_, 不行省 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载The coat _ I put on the desk is blac

6、k. （作 _, _）The room in _ I live is very big. 留意：先行词为物,在介词后面用 which ）= The room _ I live in is very big. 2）只用 that“ 人物最不避人物”“ 人物” that 既可指人,也可指物Is this the museum that you visited the other day. 指_,可用 _ Jack is no longer the person that I met five years ago. （指 _, 可用 _、_）“ 最” 极端修饰：最高级、序数词、the only, t

7、he same, the same等This is the best film that has been shown so far in the city. 先行词被 _修饰 The first thing that we should do now is to find a local guide. （先行词被 _修饰）“ 不” 不定代词 all, much, little, few, something, anything, everything, nothing, none, 等All the apples _that_ fell down from the tree were eat

8、en up by the pigs. There is not much _ ought to be done right now. 先行词为 _ He did everything could help us. 先行词为 _ 10 全国 2 I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone else s fault.A. which B. whose C. who D. that “ 避” 防止重复Who is the person that is standing at the school gate. （前有 _）哪辆自行车

9、是你弄丢的那辆？“ 人物” 先行词有人也有物Tell us about the people and the places _that _ is the bike _ you lost. are different from ours. 名师归纳总结 I m going to talk about the countries and people that I have visited.（先行词是 _）第 3 页,共 6 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精品资料 欢迎下载3 只用 which 在 非限制性定语从句 中 She lost the ga

10、me, which depressed her greatly. Tokyo, _ is the capital of Japan, sees great changes every day. 在定语从句中 作介词的宾语 ,且介词位于关系代词前；The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop. The pen with _ you are writing is Jeffs.假如有两个定语从句,其中前一个关系代词用that,后一个宜用 which Let me show you the novel that I borrowed

11、from the librarywhich was newly open to us.解题思路 Step 1: 找出 先行词 ,判定指人指物 Step 2: 判定 定语从句 中缺什么成分（主语、宾语、表语、定语） Step 3: 挑选合适的 关系代词 ；即学即练1. This is the bag _ my mother bought yesterday. A. that B. who C. whom D. This 2. The man _ lives next to us is my English teacher. A. whom B. which C. who D. / 3. The

12、girl _ you saw in the street is Mary. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A. that B. whose 精品资料欢迎下载D. as C. which 4. Is this the factory _ a lot of students visited yesterday. A. the one B. that C. where D. this 5. The only language _ is easy to learn is the mother tongue. A. whi

13、ch B. that C. / D. it 6. The girl handed everything _ she had picked up in the street to the police. A. which B. in which C. that D. all 7. Please show me the book _ you bought yesterday. A. which B. whom C. whose D. this 8. This is the best book _ I have been looking for all this year. A. who B. wh

14、om C. which D. / 9. The man _ was here just now is a doctor. A. whom B. who C. / D. He 10. The boy _ has two lovely dogs. A. who live next door B. which lives next door C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door 11. Don t go in, this is the shop _ _ we have just been _. A. /, to B. that, / C. w

15、here, to D. which, there 12. He is the most careful boy _ I know. A. what B. which C. as D. / 13. Did you tell your mother all _ you had seen on the way home. A. what B. why C. that D. which 第 5 页,共 6 页14. Its one of the most important meetings _ this years. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - -

16、- - 精品资料 欢迎下载A. that has been held B. which has been held C. that have been held D. which have held 15. This is the new type of plane _ parts are made of plastics. A. that B. what C. which D. whose 课后作业1. They sent my child to the school every morning, which I considered a great help to me. 2. She h

17、as two daughters who study in the same school. 3. Talking about the USA, New York is the first thing that comes to mind. 4. Do you know the girl who is standing on the stage. 5. She may be late, in which case we ought to wait for her. is the person that is standing at the gate. 6. Who 7. The first t

18、hing that we need to do now is to clean the room. 8. Her grandma passed away last night, which made her quite sad. 9. Singing is the only thing that interested her most. 10. Yellow River is the second longest river in China that is the origin of Chinese nation. 11. Tom has made rapid progress, which makes me very happy. 12. The song to which you are listening is one of my favorite song. 13. which is the pen that you lost. 14. A company whose profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 6 页