2022年形容词和副词比较级的变化规则.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 形容词和副词比较级的变化规章 兴隆庄镇桲椤树学校 董广直接加 er 双写最终一个字在单词末尾加r 去 y 变 i 加 er 不规章变化母加 er old older big bigger late later heavy heavier good better 1一般 单音节词和少数以 -er ,-ow 结尾的双 音节 词,比较级在 后面加 -er ,最高级在后面加 -est ；（1）单音节词如：small smaller smallest shortshorter shortest talltallertallest greatgreater

2、 greatest（2）双音节词如：clever cleverer cleverest narrownarrower narrowest 2以不发音 e 结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r ,最高级在 原级后加 -st ；如：large larger largest nice able abler ablestnicer nicest 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3在重读闭音节 （即：辅音元音辅音）中,先双写末尾的辅音字母 ,比较级加 -er ,最高级加 -est ；如：big bigger biggest h

3、ot fat fatterfattesthotter hottest 4以“ 辅音字母 y” 结尾的双音节词,把 y 改为 i ,比较级加-er ,最高级加 -est ；如：easyeasier easiest heavyheavier heaviest busybusier busiest happy happier happiest5其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加 more,最高级在前面加 most；如：beautifulmore beautifulmost beautifuldifferentmore differentmost different easily more eas

4、ily most easily留意：（ 1）形容词最高级前通常必需用 级前可不用；定冠词 the ,副词最高例句： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - （2） 形容词 most 前面没有 the ,不表示最高级的含义,只表示 特别 ；It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 6有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规章的,必需熟记；如：go

5、odbetter best wellbetter bestbadworseworst illworseworstold older/elderoldest/eldest many/muchmoremost littleless least far further/farther furthest/farthest名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法1“ A + be + 形容词比较级+ than + B ”意思为“ A 比 B更 ” ；如： This tree is taller

6、than that one. 这棵树比那棵树高；留意：在含有 连词 than 的比较级中, 前后的比较对象必需是同一范畴,即同类事物之间的比较；在比较级前面使用much,表示程度程度“ 强得多” ；如： A watermelon is much bigger than an apple. very, quite 一般只能修饰原级,不能修饰比较级；2“ 比较级 + and + 比较级” 或“more and more + 原级” 表示“ 越来 越 ”如： It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来了,天气变得越来越温和了；It is g

7、etting cooler and cooler. 天气越来越 凉快；The wind became more and more heavily. 风变得越来越大；Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的学校变得越来越漂亮；3在含有 or 的挑选疑问句 中,假如有两者供挑选, 前面的形容词要用比较 级形式；如： Who is taller,Tim or Tom. 谁更高, Tim 仍是 Tom. 4. “ the + 比较级 , the+ 比较级” ,表示“ 越 越 ” ；The more money you make, the m

8、ore you spend. 钱你赚得越多,花得越多；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - The sooner ,the better. 越快越好；5. 表示倍数的比较级用法：. A is times the size /height/length/width of B. 如： The new building is three times the height of the old one. 这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍； 新楼是旧楼的四倍高 . A is times as big /high/long/wide/lar

9、ge as B.如： Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大； 亚洲比欧洲大三倍 . A is times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.如： Our school is twice bigger than yours. 我们学校比你们学校大两倍；6. 形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比 较,表示“ 最 ” 的意思；句子中有表示范畴的词或短语；如：of the three, in our class等等；如： He is the tallest in our class

10、. 他在我们班里是最高的；7. 否定词语 +比较级 ,否定词语 + so as 结构表示最高级含义；Nothing is so easy as this. =Nothing is easier than this. =This is the easiest thing. 8. 比较级与最高级的转换：Mike is the most intelligent in his class. Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - -

11、- - - - - 7. 修饰比较级和最高级的词1）可修饰比较级的词.a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by great deal, any, still, even 等； far, many, a lot, lots, a . 仍可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作 修饰语 ；. 以上词 除 by far外,必需置于比较级形容词或副词的前面；留意： 使用最高级要留意将主语包括在比较范畴内； 错 Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. 对 Tom is the tallest of the three brothers

12、. 2 以下词可修饰最高级： by far, far, much, mostly, almost；This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. 留意：a. very可修饰最高级,但位置与much不同；This is the very best. This is much the best. b. 序数词 通常只修饰最高级；Africa is the second largest continent. 8. 要防止重复使用比较级； 错 He is more cleverer than his brother. 对 He is more clever than

13、his brother. 对 He is cleverer than his brother. 9. 要防止将主语含在比较对象中； 错 China is larger that any country in Asia. 对 China is larger than any other country in Asia. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 10. 要留意对应句型,遵循前后一样的原就；The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It

14、is easier to make a plan than to carry it out. 11. 要留意 冠词的使用,后出名词的时候,前面才有可能出名词；比较： Which is larger, Canada or Australia. Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia. She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters. 比较级的几种主要句法1、问人的句法： （要用形容词比较级）陈述句： SuHai is older than S

15、uYang. 一般疑问句： Is Su Hai older than Su Yang. 特别疑问句： Who is older than SuYang. 挑选性的特别疑问句：Who is older, Su Hai or Su Yang. 2、问物的句法： （要用形容词比较级）陈述句： His ruler is longer than her ruler. 一般疑问句： Is his ruler longer than her ruler. 特别疑问句： Whose ruler is longer than her ruler. 挑选性的特别疑问句 : Whose ruler is longe

16、r, his or hers. 3、问动作的句法： （要用副词比较级）陈述句： Mike jumps higher than Ben. 一般疑问句： Does Mike jump higher than Ben. 特别疑问句： Who jumps higher than Ben. 挑选性的特别疑问句 : Who jumps higher, Mike or Ben. 比较级句子中涉及到的人称代词和物主代词的用法1、主格和宾格（原句）Mike is stronger than Nancy. （改一改） He is stronger than her. （原句）This man is taller

17、than that man. 改一改 _is taller than_. （原句）Helen swims faster than Su Yang. 改一改 _swims faster than_. 你能总结一下：什么时候用主格,什么时候用宾格吗？2、形物和名物名师归纳总结 （原句）Liu tao s bag is heavier than Yang Ling s bag. 第 7 页,共 9 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 改一改 His bag is heavier than her bag. His is heavier than hers.

18、想一想：红色部分分别是什么类别的物主代词？（原句）Mr Green s desk is bigger than Miss Li s desk. 改一改 _desk is bigger than _desk. _is bigger than _. 练 习一、语音选出每组单词中划线部分读音与其余三个不同的单词；（）1、 A 、worker B、workbook C、worm D、doctor （）2、 A 、weight B、height C、eight D、eighty （）3、 A 、than B、traffic C、late D、animal （）4、 A 、near B、year C、be

19、ar D、hear （）5、 A 、more B、work C、world D、worm 二、挑选填空； 1.Are you as _ as your classmate, Xiao Ming. A. tall B. taller C. younger 2._ Saturday morning, they went for a_ A. In, walk B. On, walk C. At, walking 3.This cat is _ than that one. A. thin B. thinner C thiner 4. Whose ruler is longer, _. A. your

20、s or his B. your or his C. yours or her 5. -What do your parents do after supper. -They take the _ dog for a walk. A. cute B. red C. well 6.-_ your grandfather 80 years old. -Yes, he _. A. Is, does B. Are, is C. Is, is 三、用括号里所给单词的正确形式填空；I m _ tall than David.Whos _ young, you or your brother.Which i

21、s _ long, Chang Jiang River or the Yellow River. David s bag is _ heavy than _ I. Gao Shan runs_fastthan his brother. Is your hair as _ longer, longas hers. Yang Ling flies a kite_highertallerthan David. My mum _ says, sayJimmy is also her child. I am three months _minutesminute youger than _. he, h

22、im 四、课文内容填空Last Sunday morning, Su Hai _ go for a walk in the park. She met Ben and his cousin Jack. They had a _ chat. Jack was not the only _ children .He had a brother Jimmy. That s a _ cute dog. Jack was 6 years old. Ben was _ old than him. Ben was also _ tall and _ heavy than him. Ben was as _

23、was _ strong than Su Hai. Su Hai had a _ was twenty _ minute _ young than Su Hai. 五、完成阅读懂得,老师讲评；old as Su Hai. But he twins sister Su Yang. Su Yang 名师归纳总结 Mr. White and Mrs. White work in the same hospital. They have two lovely girls. Their 第 8 页,共 9 页names are Lucy and Lily. Lucy and Lily are twin

24、sisters. Lucy is 10 years old. Lily is ten minutes younger than Lucy. But Lucy isnt as tall as Lily. She is shorter than Lily. They are both students in Sunshine Primary School. Lucy is good at Maths. But Lucy is not. She is better at music. They like watching TV. They watch TV every Saturday and Su

25、nday. - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - The Whites came to China 2 years ago. They like China very much now. They like Chinese food. 依据短文内容判定正误；名师归纳总结 1.The parents work in the same hospital. 第 9 页,共 9 页 2. Mr. White and Mrs. White came to China 3 years before. 3. Lily is shorter than Lucy. 4.After dinner, Lucy and Lily watch TV. 5. They like Chinese food. - - - - - - -