2022年中考英语备考攻略词类知识点.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师精编 优秀资料一. 冠词重难点：1.a 和 an 区分 2.a 加序数词和 the 加序数词 3. 定冠词 the 用法 4. 不用冠词情形 5.in hospital/ in the hospital, in front of/ in front of, at table/at the table, by sea/by the sea, go to school/ go to the school, next year/the next year, athe teacher and writer/atheteacher and athe

2、writer 二. 名词重难点 ：1. 中考常见的既可数又不行数的名词归纳 chicken 小鸡鸡肉 room 房间空间 exercise运动练习 light 灯光 glass 玻璃杯玻璃 time 次数倍数时间 fruit 水果种类水果 study 书房学习 work 作品工作 fish 鱼肉种类 orange 橙子橙汁 hair 头发几根头发集体名词 family, class, team, group, row, police2. 中考常见的不行数名词 news advice weather fun information pity3. 不规章变化的名词 man-men woman-wo

3、men policeman-policemen foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese German-Germans4.单复数相同的名词 sheep deer fish people Chinese Japanese Catonese Portuguese5. 只有复数形式的名词 thanks,glasses, gloves, clothes, pants, trousers, shorts, socks,shoes,sneakers6.只能修饰可数名词复数的词 many,several ,a few,few ,a largenumber of7. 只能修饰不行数名

4、词的词 much,a little,little,a great deal of,8. 既能修饰可数名词复数又能修饰不行数名词的词some,a lot of , lots of ,plenty of 9. 名词用法辨析：1、sport 、game、match、race 2、festival、holiday 、vacation3 、journey 、tour 、trip、travel4、sound、noise 、voice5 、fish6. chick,chicken7. Clothes 、cloth 、clothing8. Game、sport9. .gold、 golden10. Journ

5、ey 、tour 、trip、travel ,voyage11. Photo、picture、drawing12. Problem、question13. Road、path 、street、way.14.work, works 15.green, greens 16.wood, woods 17.manner, manners 18.arm, arms 三. 代词重难点：1. 人称代词物主代词反身代词之间转换2.one 和 it的区分 3.other,the but 区other,another,others,the others,the rest区分 4.all,both,either,n

6、either,none别 5. 常见用法 onethe other,bothand,eitheror,neithernor,not onlyalso,so/neither+助+主, so/neither+主+助 6.few 、little、 a few 、 a little7.many/much/too many/too much的用法四. 介词重难点：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师精编 优秀资料1. 简洁介词 at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for ,

7、to, without2.by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of3. 和动词搭配 agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about4. 和形容词的搭配 afraid of, angry with, different from, good at5. 和名词的搭配 answer to , key to, reason for, cause of, visit to6. at, on, in 表时间 7. between, among 表位置 8.

8、 beside, besides 和 except 9.in the tree, on the tree 10. on the way, in the way, by the way, in this way 11. in the corner, at the corner 12. in the morning, on the morning13. at the end of/by the end of,in the end14. as与 like15. through与 across16. by、in 与 with17. 表示方式时间或地点介词in 、on、at 五. 连词重难点：1 并列连

9、词 .and, for, or, both and, either or, neither nor2. 从属连词 that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as3. as far as 就来说 4. hardly when 一就5. as soon as 一 就 6.so-that 和 such-that7.not until8. because 、 as、since 、for9. if 、whether10. till/until 与 not till/until11. prefer to rather than 与 prefer to 六. 形容词副词

10、重难点：1. 名前系后不定代词后 2. 只做表语形容词 alone,asleep,afraid,awake,alive,well3.与 make/keep/leave 连用作宾补 4. 形容词副词比较级 5. 特别词 too much/much too,hard/hardly,free/freely,wide/widely,late/lately/latest,too/either/as well/also, whole 与 all, tall 与 high, short 与 low, real 与 true, interested 与 interesting, good与 well, nic

11、e 与 fine, quick 、fast 与 soon, lonely 与 alone, other 与 else, gone、lost 、missing living、 alive 、 live 、lively, sick 与 ill, the+ 形容词 , already/yet, hard与 hardly, how/what 用于感叹句 , sometimes 、 sometime 、 some times 、some time, before long, long before 6. no more、 no longer、not.any more、no.any longer7. 形容

12、词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级：1. 原级用 as-as- 比较级用比较级 +than2.“ 比较级+and+比较级” “ 越来越 ” ；如：The weather is getting warmer and warmer.3. “ the+比较级 ,the+ 比较级 ”表示“ 越 就越 ”4、一般的形容词或副词的比较级前面可以加much/a little/even/still,5. “ one of the +最高级 +名词 复数 5. more than=over; less than=under. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - -

13、 - - - - - 名师精编 优秀资料七. 动词重难点：1、动词的分类：实义动词连系动词助动词情态动词过去进行时现在2、动词词形变化：原形单三现在分词过去式和过去分词3、动词八种时态： 一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时完成时过去完成时过去将来时4、被动语态：说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系5、动词短语6、动词的非谓语形式：动词不定式、 动名词和分词三种形式 ; 其中分词又包含现在分词和过去分词两种形式 动词不定式：后面可跟动词的不定式形式的情形1. 动词：agree to do同意去做 afford to do买得起 decide to do打算去做某事hope to do期望去做 wi

14、sh to do 期望去做 fail to do 做某事失败 plan to do 准备去做 pretend to do假装去做 refuse to do 拒绝去做 would like to do 想要去做 want to do 想要去做某事 learn to do 学做 prefer to do sth. 喜爱 爱 做某事 sb. seem to do sth 似乎做某事 want/would like to do sth. 想做 used to do sth. 过去常做某事2. 句型 .名师归纳总结 allow sb. to do sth.答应某人去做某事asked sb. not to

15、 do sth.叫某人做事某第 3 页,共 6 页事 叫某人不要去做某事tell sb. not to do sth. 叫某人去 不要 做某事 follow sb. to do sth. 跟随某人去做某事get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人做某事 或不要做某事 be amazed to do sth. 对做某事感到诧异be afraid to do sth. 可怕做某事be excited to do sth. 对做 感到兴奋 be frightened to do sth. 害怕去做某事be glad/happy to d

16、o sth. 兴奋去做某事be/get ready to do sth.预备做某事 be sorry to do sth. 对做某事感到愧疚be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到诧异cant wait to do sth. 迫不急待地去做某事get/have a chance to do sth. 得到一个- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 做某事的机会It s + adj.+for 名师精编优秀资料s +adj. sb. to do sth. 做某事 对某人来说 怎么样 It +of sb. to do sth.It takes

17、sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事 常考 It s best for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是最好的 It s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了 too for sb. to 太 以致不能 =not enough to do prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿 而不愿 常考 something to eat/drink 一些吃 / 喝的东西 Sth. is hard/difficult/easy to do 做好某事很难 / 简洁take

18、turns to do sth. 轮番做 There is no time for sb. to do sth. 对 某人来说 没时间做某事了 There is no need for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说没必要做某事try/do ones best to do sth. 尽力去做某事、 be supposed to do sth. find it +adj. to do sth. 动名词：后面可跟动词的ing 形式的情形1. 动词：finish doing sth. 完成做某事 enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事 practice doing sth. 练习做某

19、事 imagine doing, 想象做某事 avoid doing sth. 防止做某事 consider doing sth.考虑做某事 suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 mind doing sth. 介意做某事 keep doing sth.连续做某事2. 固定短语： feel like doing sth. 喜爱做某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 be worth doing 值得做某事 spend time in doing sth. 花费时间 金钱 做某事 have difficult/trouble in doing sth 做某事有困难

20、have fun doing. 做某事兴奋3. 介词后 on, in, of, about, at, with, without, for, from, up, by 等 ：be good at doing sth.;thank you for doing sth.;give up doing sth.;stop sb. from doing sth.;do well in doing sth.;be afraid of doing sth.;be interested in doing sth.;be proud of;instead of;be fond of 4.to 作介词的情形 lo

21、ok forward to doing sth 期望做某事 ; prefer doing sth. to doing sth 与 相比较更喜爱; pay attention to doing 留意做某事 ; be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 ;make a contribution to 为 做奉献后既能跟不定式也能跟动名词的情形：名师归纳总结 1、有些动词接doing 和 to do意义相近像like喜爱 ,love 喜爱 ,hate 憎恨 ,第 4 页,共 6 页prefer宁可 ,begin 开头 ,start开头 ,continue连续 如： like

22、to do表示想要做某一详细的动作 like dong表示一般或抽象的多次动作它们在实际使用中区分很小；- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师精编 优秀资料2、后加不定式或动名词区分较大的动词：remember to do 记住去做 remember doing 记得做过 forget to do 遗忘去做 forget doing 遗忘做 过try to do 设法做 try doing 试着做 go on to do 接着做另一事 go on doing 连续做同一事 stop to do 停下来去做 stop doing 停止做 cant hel

23、p to do 不能帮忙做 cant help doing 情不自禁做 后跟不带 to 的不定式 动词原形 的情形；1. 在感官动词和使役动词后 feel , hear ,listen to ,watch ,look at ,see, notice ,make,let , have 等后跟动词不定式作宾语补足语时应省去不定式符号 to 但将此句改为被动句时,省去的不定式符号 to 应加上在动词 help 既可带 to ,也可不带 to ；2. 助动词或情态动词后：do, did, does, will, shall, would, should, can, may, must等后面接不带 to

24、 的动词不定式； 3. 某些固定句型中 1WillWouldyou pleasenot.2had better3Why not. 4 would rathernot.would rather.than.=would.rather than.5 在祈使语气 或口语 中； 既可跟动词原形又可跟动词 ing 形式的情形； see/watch sb. do sth. 看到某人做过 常常做 某事 see/watch sb. doing sth. 到某人正在做某事hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做过 常常做 某事 hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事分词：现在分词修饰物过去

25、分词修饰人动词用法辨析：1. seem 好象 用法： sb./sth. + seem + to be+形容词 sb./sth. + seem + like sb/sth + seem + to do It seems that + 从句 2. be afraid 可怕 用法： be afraid of sth; be afraid of doing; be afraid to do; be afraid that+ 从句 3. be sure 确信 用法： be sure of sth; be sure todo; be sure that+ 从句 4. put on、wear、have on

26、、be in 、try on、dress5. like 、love 与 enjoy6. look 、see、watch 、read7. hear 、hear of 、hear from8.speak 、talk 、say、tell 9. borrow 、lend 、keep10. bring 、take 、carry 、send 、lift11. take 、spend、pay、cost12. arrive in/at、reach 、get to13. be made of 、be made from 、be made into、be made in 、be made by14. be use

27、d for、be used to 、used to 、get used to15. agree with/ agree to / agree on16. die 、dead、death17. leave, forget 八. 句法重难点：1. 主谓一样 2. 简洁句 陈述句：包括确定句,否定句,祈使句. 疑问句：一般疑问句,名师归纳总结 特别疑问句, 挑选疑问句, 反意疑问句 3. 感叹句 How+形容词 副词 + 主语 +谓语 Whata/an 第 5 页,共 6 页+形容词 +名词 单数 / 复数 + 主语 +谓语 4. 并列句 and ,or, but both and, neither

28、 nor, - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - either or, not only 名师精编优秀资料 中考复 but also 5. 复合句 宾语从句,状语从句,定语从句习之从句 1. 宾语从句 2. 状语从句 3. 定语从句宾语从句三要素语序时态 连接词宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序Can you tell me how I can get to zoo. Please tell me when well have lunch 宾语从句的时态1. 主现从任 Can you tell me how I can get to the railway s

29、tation. 2. 主过从相 He asked if you had written to Peter. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 3. 从客用现 Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. 宾语从句的连接词 1.that 引导的宾语从句 2. 连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which 和连接副词 when, where, why, how 引导的宾语从句 3. if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句 状语从句分类及常

30、用连词 时间状语从句 when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once 一旦 地点状语从句 where, wherever 缘由状语从句 because, since, as, for, now that 既然,由于 etc. et cetera ,等于 and so on 目的状语从句 in order that 为了,以便 , so that, that, etc. 结果状语从句 so that, so that, such that, that, etc. 条件状语从句 if, unless, assolong as, etc. 让步状语从句 though, although, even 名师归纳总结 if, even though, however, whatever, as, etc. 比较状语从句 as as, so as, than, etc. 第 6 页,共 6 页方式状语从句 as, as if, as though, etc. 定语从句 1. 结构先行词 +连接词 +定语从句 2.关系代词有who, whom, whose, that, which, as关系副词 when, where, why, how - - - - - - -