2022年初高中英语衔接资料.docx

《2022年初高中英语衔接资料.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年初高中英语衔接资料.docx（18页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学而不思就惘,思而不学就殆初高中英语连接资料写在前面的话迈进高中的校门,面对全新的学习环境,同学们进入了一个新的学习阶段；学习内容及难度与过去初 中有了很大的转变,因而学习方法也应当相应地有所转变；在中学阶段,英语学习主要重视对于简洁英语 学问和语法的学习,而到了高中阶段就侧重于培育英语的的综合才能,这就需要我们把学到的学问敏捷运 用到对语言、文章的懂得中,不断提高分析判定才能、规律思维才能和语言运用才能；因此我们应当讲求学习策略, 制定符合自己的学习方法和目标,力争从一开头就养成一个良好的学习习惯,使自己布满信心,学好英语；一、学习英语第一从

2、总体上中要留意的几点：1、要点滴积存,不要急于求成；记住： Rome isn t built in one day. 罗马不是一天就建成的；急于求成就可能会造成消化不良,或者一事无成的结果；急于求成往往表现为对自己提出过高的要求；这样做往往会给自己很大压力,进而对自己 逐步失去信心,失去爱好；只有逐步的积存,才能聚沙成塔、集腋成裘,由量的积存进而实现质的变化,从而实现英语成果的飞跃提升和自己语言运用才能的提高；2、要把握英语学习的规律,善于积存；语言的学习应听、说、读、写全面进展,在开头阶段应侧重以听说为主；然后逐步加大阅读,究竟高中英语学习阶段主要以阅读懂得是主要的培育目标；养成每天阅读肯定

3、的英文的好习惯会让你终身受益；记住： Ten minutes every day is better than ten hours in a day. 我们要敬重记忆规律,利用点滴时间,与其 他学科穿插进行；特殊是早晨是学习英语的大好时间；3、要树立信心,不要妄自菲薄；“ 有的同学在中学阶段英语学习的并不是很好,对高中学习也失去了信心；其实,语言学习就是一个积存 的过程,只要我们在高中阶段仔细学习,把握英语学习的规律,就肯定能够将这一学科学好；很多的实践 也反复证明白这一道理,很多在中学阶段英语基础并不是很好的同学,到了高中之后把握了正确的学习方 法并且努力学习,一样可以将英语学得很好；4、要

4、做到博闻强识,加强背诵；很多语言训练专家指出：语言才能的强弱与把握语言材料的多寡成正比；语言材料输入量越大,语言能力提高越快,其中背诵是一种强化语言材料输入的好方法,是不行缺少的语言学习环节；另外仍要学会主 动出击,不要坐等人教；要持之以恒,不要三天打鱼两天晒网；二、高中阶段详细的学习方法1、把握好课堂学习这一主阵地；课堂上要积极参加,不能做被动的听众；提高课堂效率,珍爱每一次练习机会；要想在课堂上提高效率,那课前的预习就显得尤为重要了；在预习时,我们要结合课后的notes注释 熟读课文,明白生词在文章中的使用,标出难点；同时在课堂上要做到仔细听讲,积极回答；我们仍要学会记笔记,由于懂得记住

5、灵 活运用；因此,对好的例句、词语辨析、常用句型、文化差异,中英文差异,习俗差异都可作些笔录；既 可以在课上去记,同时课下仍要进行仔细的补充和整理,要将英语笔记作为我们学习英语的一笔珍贵的财 富；语法的框架；2.关于语法学问的学习：把握肯定的语法学问是必要的,它是基础,也是高中英语模块教学的重点；中国 人学习外语应当学点语法,但是过分地讨论语法是不利于才能的培育的,这也是中国人学习英语的误区；因此我们学习语法的时候,不是单纯的记忆语法的条文,而是看语法在实际语境中是如何应用的；语法会 对其他才能的形成有很大的影响,缺乏的扎实的语法基础就无法读懂结构复杂的长句,阅读才能和书面表 达的才能也因此而

6、受到牵制和影响；切记：语言的意义打算语言的形式；我们在学习时肯定要再详细的语 境中去分析句子,仔细分析并总结错题,我们就肯定能够把握好语法的；3、留意阅读训练,提高自己的阅读才能 阅读应当是高中三年中最应重视的部分了；由于它是培育英语语感,巩固和熟识所学学问的最有效途径；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学而不思就惘,思而不学就殆在高中阶段,我们的阅读不能仅仅满意于课文了,仍要做到进行大量的课外阅读；要记住,用一本教科书学英语是确定不够的；泛读时可以挑选一些与高中学习有关的书报杂志；读不同题材、体裁的文章,懂得跨学

7、科学问；读时留意对运用精妙的词汇,短语或句子做些摘抄；除此之外,同学们也要更加重视听说才能的培育；能说出一口流利的英语,不仅培育了成就感,也促进了语言的学习；开头时可跟录音读,保证发音正确；由于很多同学听力差并不是由于把握的语言学问不够,而是听到的正确的语音与自己所说熟识的不正确的读音不能联系起来,因此影响了懂得；句子一十大词类 名词 - 表示人或事物的名称 形容词 - 表示人或事物的特点 副词 - 修饰动词、形容词、或其他副词 动词 - 表示动作或状态 代词 - 代替名词、数词 数词 - 表示数量或次序 冠词 - 限制名词的意义 介词 -表示名词、代词和其他词的关系 连词 -连接词与词或句与

8、句 感叹词 -表示说话时的感情或语气二按句子的结构可分三种：1）简洁句： 只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）；e.g. He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. 2 并列句 ：由并列连词（ and, but, or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简洁句连 在一起构成；e.g. You help him and he helps you. The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的,道路是曲折的；3）复合句 ：含有一个或一

9、个以上从句的句子；复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾 语从句、表语从句和同位语从句） 、定语从句和状语从句等；e.g. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall. 三句子成分及结构（一）：句子成分由词或词组充当, 英语的基本成分有七种主语（ subject）、谓语（ predicate）、宾语（ object）、表语（ predicative）、定语（ attribute）、状语adverbial,补语（ complement）；（1）. 主语 S 主语 Subject 是一个句子

10、所表达的主体,一般位于句首；表示句子说的是什么人或什么事；但在 there be 结构、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面；主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示；例如：1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 名词名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学而不思就惘,思而不学就殆2.We often speak English in c

11、lass. 代词 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. 数词 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 不定式 5.Smoking does harm to the health. 动名词 6.The rich should help the poor. 名词化的形容词 7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 主语从句 8.It is necessary to master a foreig

12、n language；it 为形式主语,不定式为真正的主语（2）. 谓语 （V）谓语 Predicate 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特点和状态；动词在句中作谓语,一般放在 主语之后；谓语的构成如下：1、简洁谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成；如：He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten oclock.2、复合谓语：由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成；如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. 留意：谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一

13、样；（3）表语 （P）表语Predicative用以说明主语的性质、特点、状态与身份,它一般位于系动词之后；表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、例如：副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语及表语从句表示；1.Our teacher of English is an American.（名词）2.Is it yours.（代词）3.The weather has turned cold.（形容词）4.The speech is exciting.（分词）5.Three times seven is twenty one.（数词）6.His job is to teach English.（不定式）

14、7.His hobby is playing football .（动名词）8.The meeting is of great importance.（介词短语）9.Time is up. The class is over.（副词）10.The truth is that he has never been abroad.（表语从句）留意：系动词（ Linking verb 用于连接主语和表语,说明主语的状态,性质特点和身份等；1）状态系动词用来表示主语状态,只有 be一词,例如：He is a teacher. 2）连续系动词用来表示主语连续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rema

15、in, stay, stand, 例名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学而不思就惘,思而不学就殆如：He always keep silent at meeting. 3）感官系动词主要有 feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft. 4）变化系动词表示主语变成什么样,主要有 He became mad after that. become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.例如：除此之外

16、,仍有 prove, turn out, appear, seem等；The rumor proved false. His plan turned out a success；（4）宾语 O 宾语（ Object）表示动作的对象或承担者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面；例如：1.They visited an exhibition yesterday.名词 2.The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time. 代词,动名词 3.How many dictionaries do you have. I have five. 名词,

17、数词 4.They helped the old with their housework yesterday. 名词化形容词,名词 5.He pretended not to see me. 不定式 6.I enjoy listening to popular music. 动名词 7.I think（that）he is fit for his office. 宾语从句 宾语种类：1）双宾语（间接宾语 O+直接宾语 O）Lend me your dictionary, please. He gave me a book yesterday.2）复合宾语（宾语 O+宾补 C）1. They

18、elected him their monitor. 名词 2.They painted their boat white. 形容词 3.Let the fresh air in. 介词 4.You mustn t force him to lend his money to you. 不定式 5.We saw her entering the room. 动名词 6.We found everything in the lab in good order. 介词短语 7.We will soon make our city what your city is now. 从句 以上几种是句子的

19、必要成分,不行缺少,否就句子意义就不完整；句子除了必要成格外,仍可以有定语,状语,同位语和插入语；（5）定语 修饰,限制,描述或补充说明名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语 Attribute ；1.Guilin is a beautiful city.（形容词）2.China is a developing country; America is a developed country.（分词）名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学而不思就惘,思而不学就殆3.There are thirty women teache

20、rs in our school.（名词）4.His rapid progress in English made us surprised.（代词）5.Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.（不定式短语）6.The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.（动名词）7.He is reading an article about how to learn English.（介词短语）8.Farmers who saw us stared at us as if we

21、 are walking skeletons. 定语从句 （6）状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特点的句子成分；从情形 ,时间 ,处所 , 方式,条件,对象,确定 ,否定 ,范畴和程度等方面对谓语中心进行修饰或限制,状语一般由副词充 当,也可由名词,介词短语,非谓语动词,从句等充当；1.Light travels most quickly. 副词及副词性短语 2.He has lived in the city for ten years. 介词短语 3.He is proud to have passed the national college entrance exa

22、mination. 不定式 4.He is in the room making a model plane. 分词短语 5.Wait a minute. 名词 6.Once you begin, you must continue. 状语从句 9 种状语种类如下：1. How about meeting again at six. 时间2.Last night she didnt go to the dance party because of the rain. 缘由3.I shall go there if it doesn. 条件4.Mr Smith lives on the thir

23、d floor. 地点 5.She put the eggs into the basket with great care. 方式 5. She came in with a dictionary in her hand. 相伴 6.In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder. 目的 7.He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately. 结果 8.She works very hard though she is old. 让步 9.I am taller than he i

24、s. 比较（7）同位语（ Appositive）对前面的名词或代词做进一步的说明,通常由名词、数词、代词 或从句担任,如：This is Mr. Zhou, our headmaster. We students should study hard. We all are students. （8）插入语（ Parenthesis）对一句话做一些附加的说明,通常有 believe-等,如：To be frank,I don t quite agree with you.to be honest , I think suppose, （二）：英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合

25、、省略或倒装；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学而不思就惘,思而不学就殆把握这五种基本句型,是把握各种英语句子结构的基础；1： （主谓）2： （主系表）3： （主谓宾）4： （主谓间宾直宾）5： （主谓宾宾补）基本句型一： （不及物动词）1. The sun rose. 2. Who cares. 3. What he said does not matter. 4. They talked for half an hour. 5. The pen writes smoothly此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子

26、的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思；这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等；基本句型二： （是系动词） （表语）1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 2. The dinner smells good. 3. He fell in love. 4. Everything looks different. 5. He is growing l and strong. 6. Our well has gone dry. 7. His face turned red. 基本句型 三： （主谓宾）此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词 都具有实义

27、,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思, 必需跟有一个宾语 ,即动作的承担者,才能使意思完整；这类动词叫做及物动词； （及物动词） （宾语）1. Who knows the answer. 2. He has refused to help them. 3. He enjoys reading. 4. He said Good morning. 5. He admits that he was mistaken. 基本句型 四： O （主谓间宾直宾）有些及物动词可以有两个宾语；这两个宾语通常一个指人 （及物） O（多指人） （多指物）间接宾语 ；一个指物 直接宾语 ；名师归纳总结 - -

28、- - - - -第 6 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学而不思就惘,思而不学就殆1.She ordered herself a new dress. 2. He brought you a dictionary. 3. I showed him my pictures. 4. I told him that the bus was late. 5. He showed me how to run the machine. 基本句型 五： （主谓宾宾补）此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语仍不能表达完整的意思,必需加上一个补充成分来

29、补足宾语,才能使意思完整； （及物） （宾语） （宾补）1. They painted the door green. 2. This set them thinking. 3. They found the house deserted. 4. He asked me to come back soon. 5. I saw them getting on the bus. （三）：Practice makes perfect. I 挑选句子结构 a, b, c, d, e, 1. Please tell us a story._ 2. She smiled._ 3. I have a lot

30、 work to do._ 4. His job is to train swimmers._ 5. He noticed a man enter the room._ 6. Please look at the picture._ II. 指出以下句子划线部分是什么句子成分：1. The students got on the school bus. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3. I shall answer your question after class. 4. What a beautiful Chinese painting. 5. They

31、went hunting together early in the morning. 6. His job is to train swimmers. 7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 8. There is going to be an American film tonight. 9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow. 10. His wish is to become a scientist. 11. He managed to finish the work in time.

32、名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学而不思就惘,思而不学就殆12. Tom came to ask me for advice. 13. He found it important to master English. 14. Do you have anything else to say. 15. To be honest,your pronunciation is not so good. 16. Would you please tell me your address. 17. He sat there,

33、 reading a newspaper. 18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy. 19. He noticed a man enter the room. 20. The apples tasted sweet. III. 翻译以下句子主谓结构（ 主语 不及物动词）1你应当努力学习；2.她昨天回家很晚；3.那天早上我们谈了很多；4.会议将连续两个小时；5.在过去的十年里,我的家乡已经发生了庞大的变化；主谓宾结构（主语及物动词宾语）1.昨晚我写了一封信；2.今日下午我想同你谈谈；3.这本书他读过多次了；4.他们胜利地完成

34、了方案；5.那位先生能流利地说三种语言；主系表结构（主语系动词表语）1.我的兄弟都是高校生；2.冬季白天短,夜晚长；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学而不思就惘,思而不学就殆3.孩子们,请保持寂静；4.树叶已经变黄了；5.这个报告听起来很有意思；双宾语结构（主语双宾动词间接宾语直接宾语）1 Johnson 先生去年教我们德语；2. 奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个好玩的故事；3. Mary 把钱包交给校长了；4. Robinson Crusoe 给自己做了一只小船；5. 我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？复合宾语结构（主语动词 宾语

35、 宾语补足语）1.我们叫她 Alice. 2.我们大家都认为他是诚恳的；3.我们要使学校变得更漂亮；4.每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语；5.我们不会让她在晚上外出的；There be 句型1今晚没有会；2.这个村子过去只有一口井；3 这个学校有一名音乐老师和一名美术老师4.灯亮着,办公室里确定有人；5.恰好那时房里没人；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学而不思就惘,思而不学就殆Keys to the Translation of Sentence Patterns 主谓结构（ 主语 不及物动词）1.You sh

36、ould study hard. 2. She went home very late yesterday evening. 3.That morning we talked a great deal. 4.The meeting will last two hours. 5.Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years 主谓宾结构（主语 及物动词宾语 ）1.I wrote a letter last night. 2.I want to talk with you this afternoon. 3.

37、He has read this book many times. 4.They have carried out the plan successfully. 5.That gentlemen can speak three languages fluently. 主系表结构（主语 系动词表语）1. My brothers are all college students. 2.In winter, the days are short and the nights are long. 3. Children, keep quiet please. 4.The leaves have tur

38、ned yellow. 5.The report sounds interesting. 双宾语结构（主语 双宾动词间接宾语直接宾语）1. Mr. Johnson taught us German last year. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 11 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学而不思就惘,思而不学就殆2. Grandma told me an interesting story last night. 3. Mary handed the wallet to the schoolmaster. 4. Robinson Crusoe m

39、ade himself a boat. 5. Shall I call you a taxi. 复合宾语结构（主语 宾补动词宾语宾语补语）1.We call her Alice. 2.All of us considered him honest. 3.We will make our school more beautiful. 4.Every morning we hear him read English aloud. 5.We wont let her go out at night. There be 句型1.There isnt going to be a meeting tonight.2.There was only a well in the village. 3.There is are a teacher of music and a teacher of art in the school 4.The light is on. There must be someone ion the office. 5.There happened to be nobody in the room. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 11 页