2022年初中英语主谓一致考点讲解和练习打印.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载主谓一样讲解和训练谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一样,这叫做主谓一样；主谓一样一般遵循三条原就：语法一样原就,意义一样原就和接近一样原就；一、“ 三个一样” 原就1. 语法一样的原就1 以单数名词或代词,动词不定式短语作主语时,谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时,谓语用复数,例如：He goes to school early every morning. The children are playing outside. To work hard is necessary for a student. （2）由 and

2、 或 both and 连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数；例如：Both he and I are right. Mr. Black and Mrs. Black have a son called Tom. 但并列主语假如指的是同一人,同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数；例如：His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl. The poet and writer has come. （3）由 and 连接的并列单数主语之前假如分别由 each, every修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式；例如：In our country every boy an

3、d every girl has the right to receive education. Each man and each woman is asked to help. （4）主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语,谓语动词仍用单数；例如：The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum. Nobody but two boys was late for class. Bread and butter is a daily food in the west. （

4、5） 一些只有复数形式的名词,如 people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时,谓语动词要用复数；例如：A lot of people are dancing outside. The police are looking for lost boy. （6）由 each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时,谓语动词都用单数；例如：Is everybody ready. Somebody is using the phone. （7）有两部分构成的物体的名词, 如 glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks

5、, scissors 等作主语时, 谓语动词用复数；例如：Where are my shoes. I cant find them. pair 的单复数形 Your trousers are dirty. Youd better change them. 假如这类名词前用了a pair of 等,就往往用作单数,谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于式；例如：Here are some new pairs of shoes. My new pair of socks is on the bed. 2. 意义一样的原就（1）表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数；例如：Twent

6、y years is not a long time. Ten dollars is too dear. （2）有些集合名词,如 family, team 等作主语时,如作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数；如指其中每个成员,就用复数；例如：My family is big one. My family are watching TV . （3）不定代词由 all, most, more, some, any, none作主语时, 也要依这些代词表示的意义来打算谓语动词的单复数形式；假如代词代表复数可数名词,谓语动词用复数；假如代词代表单数可数名词或不行数名词,谓语动词用单数；例如：All of

7、the work has been finished. All of the people have gone. （4）疑问代词作主语时,其谓语动词也有两种情形：主语表示复数意义,谓语动词用复数；主语表示 单数意义,就谓语动词用单数；例如：Who is your brother. Who are League members. （5）“ 分数或百分数 +of+名词” 构成的词组作主语时,其谓语动词要以谓语动词用复数：名词是单数,谓语动词用单数；例如：of 后面的名词而定；名词是复数,It is said that 35 per cent of the doctors are women. Th

8、ree fourths of the surface of the earth is sea. （6）half, the rest等表示不定数量的名词作主语时,假如所指为复数意义,动词用复数；假如所指为单数意义,动词用单数；例如：I have read a large part of the book, the rest is more difficult. Only ten students attended the class because all the rest were off sick. （7）由 what 引导地主于从句作主语时,通常谓语动词用单数形式；但假如所指内容为复数意义

9、时,谓名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载语动词用复数形式；例如：What she said is correct. What she left me are a few old books. （8）凡是以“ 定冠词 +形容词（或分词）” 作主语,往往依据意义一样的原就打算谓语动词的单复数形式；假如这种主语指的是一类人,谓语动词用复数；假如指的是一个人或抽象概念,谓语动词用单数形式；例如：The sick have been cured and the lost have been found. Th

10、e dead is a famous person. 3. 邻近一样 就近一样 的原就（1）由连词 or, either or, neither nor, not only but also, not but 等连接的并列主语,假如一个是单数,一个是复数,就谓语动词按就近一样原就,与最靠近它的主语一样；例如：Either you or I am right. Neither the children nor the teacher knows anything about it. （2）在“There be”句型中 ,谓语动词和靠近的主语一样； There are two apples and

11、 one egg in it. （3）as well as 和名词连用时 ,谓语动词和第一个名词相一样；He as well as I is responsible for it. 不但是我,他对这件事也有责任；（4）以 here 开头的句子,其谓语动词和靠近的主语一样；Here is a letter and some books for you. 主谓一样谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一样,这叫做主谓一样；主谓一样一般遵循三条原就：语法一样原就,意义一样原就,邻近一样就近一样 的原就；第 2 页,共 7 页名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - -

12、- - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载主谓一样常考情形1. 单数名词 代词 ,不行数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式；复数名词 The desk _（ is / are）Toms. 这张桌子是汤姆的；Some water _（is / are）in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里；代词 作主语,谓语用复数形式；The students _（is / are）playing football on the playground. 这些同学正在操场上踢足球；2. more than one + 单数名词作主语,表示不只一个； .谓语用单数；Many a + 单数名词作主语,表示许多的 ., 谓语用

13、单数 More than one student _ （has / have）ever been to Beijing. 不止一个同学曾经去过北京；Many a student come /comes to help us. 3. 表示时间,金钱,价格,距离,重量,数目,长度,数学运算等的词或短语作主语时,这些通常作一个整体概念,谓 语用单数形式；Two months _ （is / are） a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假；Twenty pounds _ （is / are）not so heavy. 2 0 磅并不太重；Ten miles _（is / are）not a

14、 long distance. 1 0 英里并不是一段很长的距离；Five minus four _ （is / are）one. 5 减 4 等于 1；4. 主语是 each/every+单数名词 +andeach/every+单数名词时,谓语动词用单数；Each boy and each girl _ （has / have） got a seat.每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位；Every man and every woman _ （is / are）at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作；5. one and a half + 复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式；One and a h

15、alf hours _（is / are）enough. 一个半小时足够了；6. 动词不定式,动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式；To see _（is / are） to believe. 眼见为实； Doing eye exercises _ （is / are）good for your eyes.做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛非常有益；7. a/an+单数名词 +or two 作主语,谓语动词用单数； A student or two _ （like / likes ）to listen to this new teacher s class. 一两个同学喜爱听这位新老师的课；8. 当 wit

16、h ,together with ,along with ,as well as,besides,except,but,like 等介词或介词短语连接并列的主语时,谓语 动词遵循就远原就一般应与第一个名词的单复数保持一样；Mike with his father _ （has / have）been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰；Mike, like his brother, _ （enjoy / enjoys ）playing football. 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜爱踢足球；The students as well as the teacher _（was / were

17、）present at the meeting.开会的时候,同学们和老师都在场；9. 由 and 连接的两个单数名词作主语时,一般用复数形式,但 and 所连接的并列主语是同一个人,事物,或概念时,谓语动词用单数；这两种情形区分如下：a/the+单数名词 +and+单数名词,指的是同一个人或物；a/the+单数名词 +and+a/the+单数名词,指两个人或物；The writer and teacher _ （is / are）coming. 那位作家兼老师来了；作家和老师指同一个人 The writer and the teacher _ （is / are）coming. 作家和老师来了

18、；作家和老师是两个人 A knife and fork _ （is / are）on the table. 桌子上放着一副刀叉；10. people, police 等集体名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式；family, class, group, team 等集体名词作主语,如指一个整体时,谓语动词用单数形式,如指一个一个的详细成员时,谓语动词复数形式；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载 People here _（ is / are）very friendly. 这儿的人很友好； His fami

19、ly _ （is / are）not large. 他家的人不多； My family all _ （ like / likes ）watching TV . 我们一家人都喜爱看电视；11. 不定代词 somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, nobody, everything, no one, nothing 作主语,谓语动词用单数；_（Is / Are ）everyone here today. 今日大家到齐了吗？Something _（ is / are）wrong with him. 他

20、有毛病；Nobody _ （was / were）in. 没有人在家；12. each, either, neither, another, the other 作主语,谓语动词用单数；Each of them _ （has / have）an English dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英语词典；Neither answer _（ is / are）correct. 两个答案都不正确；13. 以 s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义,谓语通常用单数形式,如news, maths, physics 等； No news _ （is / are）good news. 没有消息就是好消息；

21、Maths _（ is / are）very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎；14. 由 both and 连接两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式；由 or, either or ,neither nor , not only but also , not but ,连接两个名词或代词作主语时,依据 就近原就 打算谓语动词形式；但是假如 either, each, neither 作主语,就动词为单数形式； Either my wife or I _ （am / is / are）going. Neither you, nor I, nor anyon

22、e else _ （know / knows ） the answer. Not only you but also he _ （is / are） ready to leave. Each of us _（has / have）got a new story book. Neither of the books _ （ is / are）very interesting. 15. 假如主语是由 “ a series of, a kind of, a portion of+ 等+名词” 构成时, 动词一般用单数形式；但 a number of +名词复数,表示大量的,许多的 动词要用复数形式

23、; 而 the number of + 复数名词作主语,表示 .的数量,谓语动词用单数；A number of students _ （ is / are）going to visit this place of interest. The number of the students _（is / are）over 800 16以 here,there 开头的句子,如主语在两个或两个以上,谓语动词通常与接近的主语一样； There _（is / are） a book and three pens on the desk. Here _（is / are）some books and pap

24、er for you. 17. the+形容词表示一类人时,the + 姓氏名词复数在作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式； The poor _ （is / are）very happy, but the rich _ （is / are）sad. The Blacks enjoy /enjoys working in China. 主谓一样 谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一样,这叫做主谓一样；主谓一样一般遵循三条原就：语法一样原就,意义一样原就,邻近一样 就近一样 的原就；主谓一样常考情形1. 单数名词 代词 ,不行数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式；复数名词代词 作主语,谓语用_形式；Th

25、e desk _（ is / are）Toms. 这张桌子是汤姆的；Some water _（is / are）in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载The students _（is / are）playing football on the playground. 这些同学正在操场上踢足球；2. more than one + 单数名词作主语,表示不只一个； .谓语用 _；Many a + 单数名词作主语,表示许多的 ., 谓语用 _. More tha

26、n one student _ （has / have）ever been to Beijing. 不止一个同学曾经去过北京；Many a student come /comes to help us. 3. 表示时间,金钱,价格,距离,重量,数目,长度,数学运算等的词或短语作主语时,这些通常作一个整体概念,谓 语用 _形式；Two months _ （is / are） a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假；Twenty pounds _ （is / are）not so heavy. 2 0 磅并不太重；Ten miles _（is / are）not a long dista

27、nce. 1 0 英里并不是一段很长的距离；Five minus four _ （is / are）one. 5 减 4 等于 1；4. 主语是 each/every+单数名词 +andeach/every+单数名词时,谓语动词用_形式；Each boy and each girl _ （has / have） got a seat.每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位；Every man and every woman _ （is / are）at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作；5. one and a half + 复数名词作主语,谓语动词用 _形式；One and a half hours

28、_（is / are）enough. 一个半小时足够了；6. 动词不定式,动名词作主语时,谓语动词用 _形式；To see _（is / are） to believe. 眼见为实； Doing eye exercises _ （is / are）good for your eyes.做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛非常有益；7. a/an+单数名词 +or two 作主语,谓语动词用单数； A student or two _ （like / likes ）to listen to this new teacher s class. 一两个同学喜爱听这位新老师的课；8. 当 with ,togethe

29、r with ,along with ,as well as,besides,except,but,like 等介词或介词短语连接并列的主语时,谓语 动词遵循就远原就一般应与第一个名词的 _保持一样；Mike with his father _ （has / have）been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰；Mike, like his brother, _ （enjoy / enjoys ）playing football. 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜爱踢足球；The students as well as the teacher _（was / were）present at

30、 the meeting.开会的时候,同学们和老师都在场；_形式, 但 and 所连接的并列主语 是同一个人,事物,或概 9. 由 and 连接的两个单数名词作主语时,一般用 念时,谓语动词用 _ ；这两种情形区分如下：a/the+单数名词 +and+单数名词,指的是同一个人或物；a/the+单数名词 +and+a/the+单数名词,指两个人或物；The writer and teacher _ （is / are）coming. 那位作家兼老师来了；作家和老师指同一个人 The writer and the teacher _ （is / are）coming. 作家和老师来了；作家和老师是

31、两个人 A knife and fork _ （is / are）on the table. 桌子上放着一副刀叉；10. people, police 等集体名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式；时,谓语动词用单数形式,如指一个一个的详细成员时,谓语动词family, class, group, team 等集体名词作主语,如指一个整体 _形式；People here _（ is / are）very friendly. 这儿的人很友好； His family _ （is / are）not large. 他家的人不多； My family all _ （ like / likes ）watchin

32、g TV . 我们一家人都喜爱看电视；11. 不定代词 somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, nobody, everything, no one, nothing 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 7 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 作主语,谓语动词用_形式；学习必备欢迎下载_（Is / Are ）everyone here today. 今日大家到齐了吗？Something _（ is / are）wrong with him. 他有毛病；Nobo

33、dy _ （was / were）in. 没有人在家；12. each, either, neither, another, the other 作主语,谓语动词用_ 形式；Each of them _ （has / have）an English dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英语词典；Neither answer _（ is / are）correct. 两个答案都不正确；13. 以 s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义,谓语通常用_ 形式,如 news, maths, physics 等； No news _ （is / are）good news. 没有消息就是好消息；Maths

34、 _（ is / are）very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎；14. 由 both and 连接两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用_形式；由 or ., either or , neithernor , not only but also , not but ,there .be . , 连接两个名词或代词作主语时,依据 就近原就 打算谓语动词形式；但是假如 either, each, neither 作主语,就动词为 _形式； Either my wife or I _ （am / is / are）going. Neither you, nor I,

35、 nor anyone else _ （know / knows ） the answer. Not only you but also he _ （is / are） ready to leave. Each of us _（has / have）got a new story book. Neither of the books _ （ is / are）very interesting. 15. 假如主语是由“a series of, a kind of, + 等+名词” 构成时,动词一般用_形式；但a number of + 名词复数,表示大量的,许多的 动词要用 _形式 ; 而 th

36、e number of +复数名词作主语,表示 .的数量,谓语动词用_形式；A number of students _ （ is / are）going to visit this place of interest. The number of the students _（is / are）over 800 16以 here,there 开头的句子,如主语在两个或两个以上,谓语动词通常与接近的主语一样； There _（is / are） a book and three pens on the desk. Here _（is / are）some books and paper for

37、 you. 17. the+形容词表示一类人时,the + 姓氏名词复数在作主语时,谓语动词用_形式； The poor _ （is / are）very happy, but the rich _ （is / are）sad. The Blacks enjoy /enjoys working in China. 4. 第 6 页,共 7 页就近原就6 个：1. 2 5. 3. 6. 就远原就8 个：5. 1. 2. 6. 3. 7. 4. 8. 主语是那些单词或短语时,谓语要用单数 形式：2. 1. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3. 是那些单词或短语时,谓语要用复数 形式：学习必备欢迎下载7. 4. 8. 5. 9. 6. 10. 主语6. 1. 2. 7. 3. 8. 4. 9. 5. 10. 集合名词,既可以是单数也可以是复数的单词或短语1. 2. 3. 4. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 7 页