2022年中考英语语法复习.docx
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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思一、宾语从句含义在主句中做宾语的从句叫做宾语从句 She knew that the teacher had seen the film “ that the teacher had seen the film ” 做 knew 的宾语,同时又是由连接词 that 引导的从句,所以它叫宾语从句;二、宾语从句的分类1、动词宾语从句 He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class ;2、介词宾语从句 agree with you said just no
2、w 3、形容词宾语从句 I am afraid that I will be late. 三、连接词1、that 没有含义,不做成分 2、Whether/if 表示是否,在宾语从句中不做成分 I dont know if/whether he still lives here after so many years. 3、连接代词: what 、which 、who、 whom 、whose在宾语从句中做主、宾、表和定语 连接副词: where 、when 、 how、why (在宾语从句中作状语)The small children don t know what is in their s
3、tockingswhat 主语 Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morningwhy 在宾语从 句中做缘由状语 四、做宾语从句题目留意两点一时态:名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思1、当主句是现在时态,宾语从句可以依据需要使用任何时态 I dont know when he will come back He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.
4、 2、当主句是过去时态时;宾语从句必需是一种过去的时态;She asked me if I knew whose pen it was. He said that he could finish his work before supper. 3、当表示客观事实或者普遍真理的句子做宾语从句时,在时;The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun (二)语序:肯定使用陈述语序区分几种时态:任何时候都用一般现1一般现在时:表示常常、反复发生的动作或存在的状态;We study hard at school every day. He goes
5、to school by bike. 2一般过去时:表示在过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示在过去某段时间里常常发生的习惯性动作;Did you go there last week. I went to see my uncle yesterday. 3一般将来时:表示在将来会发生的动作或存在的状态;Ill come to see you next Sunday. She is babysitting her sister this weekend. We are going to Wuhan next Monday. 4现在进行时:表示在说话时或现阶段正在发生的动作或存在的状态;I
6、s she listening to music. He is having a meeting. 5过去进行时:表示在过去某个时间正在发生的动作或存在的状态;What was she doing when you came in. They were watching TV when I went into the room. 6现在完成时:表示在说话时刚刚终止的某一动作或状态;名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 8 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思I have learned English for 5 year
7、s. Have you ever been to Singapore. 7现在完成进行时:表示某一在过去开头,始终连续到现在,有可能刚刚终止,也有可能要连续下去的动作;We have been skating for two hours. She has been learning Chinese since she came to China. 留意各种时态的构成形式和不同功能;【比较 since和 for 】 Since 用来说明动作起始时间,for 用来说明动作连续时间长度; 例如: I have lived here for more than twenty years. 我住在这儿二
8、十 多年了;I have lived here since I was born. 我从诞生起就住在这儿了;留意:并非有 for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时;I worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已不在这里工作;)many years.(现在我仍在这里工作;)I have worked here for 【感叹句 用法 】 How 和 What 放句前 , How 与形、副词类连 , What 后面名词添.主语谓语不用变 ,省掉它们也常见 . 当然, what 感叹句和 how 感叹句有时可以相互转换;当 What 修饰单数可数名词时
9、,假如这一名词有形容词修饰,也可用 how 引导感叹句, 但不定冠词 a 或 an 需放在形容词之后;如:What a large factory = How large a factory it is. 【强调句】 我们学过的强调句是it 引导的句子;记住:强调句的连词只有两个, that 和 who ;当强调的部分是人,且为句子的主语时,才用 who ,其余用 that. 句式是: It is was 被强调部分 +thatwho + 句子其他部分;此结构强调的成分仅限于主语,宾语和状语;判定一个句子是否是强调句,只需看去掉 It be,that 是否仍是一个完整的句子;看下面例题:It
10、is twenty years _ Miss Feng returned to China. A. that B. when C. since D. as 答案 C.此题易误名师归纳总结 选为 Athat. 其实本句不是强调句;如是,去掉It be ,that 仍应是一个完整第 3 页,共 8 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书之法 ,在循序而渐进 ,熟读而精思的句子;而本句去掉 It is.that ,只剩下 ten years Miss Feng returned to China.不成句;因此本句不是强调句;【状语从句】状语从句是句子的状语
11、由一个从句充当,来修饰主句中的动词,形容词或副词等;从句都由从属连词引导,与主句连接,放在句末时,一般不在前面加逗号;状语从句依据它表示的意思可分为时间,缘由,条件,比较,结果, 目的等类; 时间状语从句: 是由 when, as, while, after, before, since, until, as soon as 等从属连词引导的状语从句;时间状语从句中的谓语动词不能用一般将来时, 只能用一般现在时表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态;如:I will call you as soon as I arrive there. 缘由状语从句:because, since, as和 for都表
12、示缘由;常常令我们不知该用哪个好;我们来比较一下;because 语势最强,回答 why 提出的问题,用来说明人所不知的缘由;当能够很明显的看出缘由或人们已知缘由,就用as 或 since;如: I dont like that coat,because the color looks terrible. 由 because 引导的从句假如放在句末,且前面有逗号,就可以用 for 来代替; 但假如不是说明直接缘由,而是多种情形加以推断,就只能用 for;如: He is not here, because / for his mother is ill. 目的状语从句:表示目的状语的从句可以由
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