2022年人教版八年级上册英语知识点总结.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载人教版八年级上册学问点汇总与习题Unit1 Where did you go on vacation. 短语归纳go on vacation 去度假 stay at home 待在家里 go to the mountains 去爬山go to the beach 去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp 去参观夏令营quite a few 相当多 study for 为 而学习 go out 出去 most of the time 大部分时间taste good 尝起来很好吃 have

2、 a good time 玩得兴奋 of course 当然 in the past 在过去feel like 给 的感觉；感受 go shopping 去购物 walk around 四处走走 because of 由于one bowl of 一碗 the next day 其次天 drink tea 喝茶 find out 找出；查明go on 连续 take photos 照相 something important 重要的事 up and down 上上下下come up 出来 buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物 taste + adj. 尝起

3、来 look+adj. 看起来 nothing but+动词原形 除了 之外什么都没有seem+ （to be ）+ adj. 看起来 arrive in+ 大地点 / arrive at+ 小地点 到达某地decide to do sth. 打算去做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力去做某事forget doing sth. 遗忘做过某事 / forget to do sth. 遗忘做某事 enjoy doing sth. 宠爱做某事want to do sth. 想去做某事 start doing sth. 开头做某事 stop doin

4、g sth. 停止做某事dislike doing sth. 不宠爱做某事 keep doing sth. 连续做某事Why not do. sth. 为什么不做 呢？so+adj.+that+ 从句 如此 以至于 tell sb. not to do sth. 告知某人（不要）做某事语法讲解1. go on vacation 度假 vacation 相当于 holiday ,但 vacation 表示长的假期；4. something interesting 好玩的东西1）something,anything,nothing ,everything 是指物的不定代词；somebody ,so

5、meone ,anybody ,anyone ,nobody ,everybody ,everyone 是指人的不定代词；somewhere ,anywhere ,nowhere ,everywhere 2）当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词时,放于其后；是指地点的不定代词；something special; somewhere wonderful. 3）不定代词、不定副词做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数；如：Is everybody here. 大家都到齐了吗？4）something,somebody ,someone ,somewhere 用于确定句及表示恳求或建议的疑问句中anything

6、,anybody ,anyone ,anywhere 用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中；如：Did you do anything interesting. 你做了好玩的事吗？（表疑问）Why don t you visit someone with me. 你为什么不跟我一起去拜望下某个人呢？（表建议）If anything happens, please tell me. 假如有事情发生,请告知我；6. buy sth. for sb. 或 buy sb. sth 如： buy some books for me. = buy me some books. 7. 提建议的句子：8. ri

7、de bicycles 骑自行车What/ how about +doing sth. 如：What/ How about going shopping. Why don t you + do sth. 如：Why don t you go shopping.Why not + do sth. . 如：Why not go shopping. Let s + do sth. 如： Let s go shoppingShall we/ I + do sth. 如： Shall we/ I go shopping. 13. 辨析： get to/reach/arrive 都是“到达 “的意思get

8、 to+ 地点=reach+ 地点= arrive at+ 地点（小） =arrive in+ 地点（大）留意：如他们后面要加地点副词 here, there, home 等,就不需要加介词；14.nothing.but. 意为 “除. 之外； 只有”,如：I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long. 我成天除了看电视什么也没干；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 20 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载15. feel like 意为： “感受到；摸起来 ”,后跟宾语从句或名词；如：I

9、felt like I was a bird. 我感觉我是一只鸟；另外,构成短语 feel like doing sth. 意为“想做某事 ”；如： I feel like eating. 我想吃东西；16. enjoy doing sth . 宠爱做 ; 愿意做 enjoy oneself 过得开心 =have fun/have a good time. 19. I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的20. n: 奇迹；令人诧异的事情如： No wonder. 难怪；不足为奇！wonder v 诧异如： w

10、onder at sth. ; wonder to do sth. 感到疑问；想知道如：I wonder where they are going. few 与 little 的区分：确定否定很多可数a few Few quite a few/not a few 不行数a little Little quite a little/ not a little 如：There is little sugar in the bottle. Can you get some. Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍旧没有人感到郁闷；1）seem 意为“似乎；似乎；看来 ”

11、,是个连系动词,构成的短语有：seem to do sth. 似乎做某事 如： They seem to wait for you. 他们似乎在等你；seem （to be ）+adj. 似乎 . 如： He seemed to be ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎病了；It seems that + 从句 似乎. 如： It seems that he was ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎病了；其他表示状态的系动词有：feel觉得） ; keep （保持） ;stay （保持） ;look （看来像 . ）; smell （闻起来） sound （听起来 ）taste

12、（尝起来 ）2） bored adj ,意为 “感到厌倦的、无聊的 ”,其主语是某人；boringadj,意为 “令人厌倦的、无聊的 ”其主语是某物；如：I got bored with the boring work. 相类似的词语仍有我对这无聊的工作感到厌倦；interested/ tired/ excited/ amazed/surprised interesting/ tiring/ exciting/ amazing/surprising 22. decide （v）打算 decide to not do sth. = make a decision not to do sth. d

13、ecisionn decide on doing sth. 打算做某事如： Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已经打算去北京；23. Because o f the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below.1） because of + 名词 / 代词 / 名短 I had to move because of my job. 由于工作的缘由because + 从句 如：I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是由于我宠爱；2）below 意为“在. 下面 ;低于”,其反义词为a

14、bove ,意为 “在. 上面；高于 ”24. 形容词 / 副词 enough 如：wet/quietly enough 足够美丽enough enough 名词 如： enough umbrellas 足够的雨伞足够 形/ 副enough+ 名 to do sth. 足够 去做 如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京；She is not old enough to go to school. 她年龄不够,不能去上学；同义句： She is too young to go to school. t oo to :太 而不能 She

15、is so young that she cant go to school.第 2 页,共 20 页25. so+ 形/ 副+that 从句： She is so popular that everyone likes her. such such+ 名短+ that 从句： She is such a popular girl that. 如此 以致于（结果）so that 从句：结果 （为了）如：He gets up early so that he can catch the early bus. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - -

16、 学习必备 欢迎下载26. 反身代词： myself/yourself/itself/herself/himself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves 如：The child herself usually wears the clothes herself. 27 What a difference a day makes. 一天的差异多大啊！ make a difference in ：对 有影响1. What a/an + adj.+ n 单+主+谓！或 What + adj. +n（复不） +主+谓！感叹句的结构 2. How+ adj. + 主+谓（联系

17、动词）！或28. I just stayed at homemost of the time to read and relax. How + adv+ 主+谓（实义动词）！Unit2 How often do you exercise. 短语归纳help with housework 帮忙做家务 on weekends 在周末 how often 多久一次hardly ever 几乎从不 once a week 每周一次 twice a month 每月两次 every day 每天be free 有空 go to the movies 去看电影 use the Internet 用互联网

18、swing dance 摇摆舞play tennis 打网球 stay up late 熬夜；睡得很晚 at least 至少have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈课和钢琴课 go to bed early 早点睡觉play sports 进行体育活动 be good for 对 有好处 go camping 去野营not at all 一点儿也不 in ones free time在某人的业余时间 the most popular 最受欢迎的such as 比如；诸如 old habits die hard 积习难改 go to the dentist 去看牙医mo

19、rn than 多于；超过 less than 少于 help sb. with sth. 帮忙某人做某事How about . . 怎么样？ / 好不好？want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事How many+ 可数名词复数 +一般疑问句？ 有多少 .主语 +find+that 从句. 发觉 spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时间It s+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事的 的；ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事by doing sth. 通过做某事 What s your favorite 你最宠爱的 是什么？the best

20、 way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式语法讲解1. exercise （v/n ）的用法1）（动） :锤炼. 如：He exercises every day. 2 可数名词 ：“. 操;练习 ”. 如： do morning/ eye exercises; do math exercises 不行数名词 :“锤炼 ;运动 ”讲：如：We often do / take exercise on weekends. 2. -How often do you usually go shopping. Sometimes/Twice a week. 有时候 / 一周两次 . 1 go sh

21、opping 意为“去购物 ”；Go+ v- ing : 表示进行某项活动；如：Go swimming/ shopping/skating/skiing/fishing/climbing/hiking 2频率副词： always=all the time, usually, often, sometimes=at times , hardly ever, never 1.sometimes: 有时候； sometime ：某时； some times：很多次 / 倍; some time: 一段时间2. hardlyadv: 几乎不 硬的；困难的；严格的；勤奋的 a hard writer 努

22、力地；hard 猛烈地 study/rain hard 3）how often 表示“多久一次 ”,是对动作的频率进行提问；其回答通常有：频率副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never how often 次数时间段 : 如：once or twice a week every 时间段 : every day 每天 区分： everyday （每天的；日常的）留意：表示 “一次或两次 ”时,一般用 once 和 twice 表示；如： once a month 一个月一次 而表示 “三次或以上 ”时,就用 “数词 times

23、 ”结构；如： five times a year 一年五次 4） 由 how 构成的疑问词组的用法“ 多少 ”但 how much名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -how many+ 可数名词复数如： how many programshow much+不行数名词如：how much coffee =what s the price of.仍有 “多少钱 ”的意思如： How much are those pants. 第 3 页,共 20 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载how many times: “多少次 ”. 其答语表示次数；如： onc

24、e ,twice,three times 等How old. 询问年龄 如：How old are you. I am five. 4 多久 时间 常用 for two days,for three hours 等回答；“ how long .”多长（某物的长度）如： -How long is the river. - 10 kms.5how soon 用来询问过多久,多久以后,其答语是 in two hours,in three days 等；如： How soon wil he come back？In an hour；3. “闲暇的 ”：Are you free tonight. 4.

25、at least 至少 at most 最多be free “自由的 ”： a free country freedomn 5. stay up 熬夜“免费的 ”： work for free. 6. junk food 垃圾食品5. “满的；饱的 ” be full of : The bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水；full“忙的 ”=busy He had a full life 6She says it s good for my health. 她说那对我的健康有益；1）be good for ：“对 有好处 ”； 如：Doing exercise i

26、s good for our health. （2）be good at ：“善于于 ”如： He is good at playing football. 3 be good to sb./sth: 对 好” 如：The old woman is good to us. 4 be good to do sth.: 适合；宜于 ” 如： The water is good to drink. 5 be good with: 与 相处好 ” 如： The teacher is good with his students. 7go online = use the Internet ：上网 8.

27、 Teenager magazine 青少年杂志9. more than two hours=over two hours: 超过 10. go to the dentist: 去看牙医11. keep healthy = stay healthy = keep in good health: 保持健康12. ask sb. to do : 叫 做某事 Teacher asked me to clean the classroom. Ask sb. not to do sth.: 叫 不要做某事 Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom. ask

28、sb. about sth. : 问某人某事 We asked our students about their free time activities. ask sb. for sth. : 向某人要求 如： ask teacher for help 13. help sb. with sth. 如： They help me with this problem. 他们帮忙你解决这个问题；help sb. （to ）do. 如： They help you to solve this problem. 他们帮忙你解决这个问题；14. n 诧异: to ones surprise 令某人诧异

29、的是 in surprise 诧异地surprise be surprised at sth. 对 感到意外v 使诧异、意外：be surprised to do sth. 诧异做某事be surprised that + 从句如： I was surprised at the news = I was surprised to hear the news. 15. fifteen percent of the students 百分之十五的同学 16. swing dance 摇摆舞17. althoughconj:“尽管；虽然 ”,表示转折关系,同义词有 though, 不能与 but 同

30、时使用；如： Although they re neighbors, they dont play together.= The yre neighbors, but they dont play together. 尽管他们是邻居,但是他们不在一起玩；18. maybe adv: 或许,大致 Maybe he maybe knows it. May + v 原：或许,大致 He may know it. 如：Maybe he is at home.= He maybe is at home.= He may be at home. 19. It s good to relax by usin

31、g the Internet or watching game shows. by: He learns English by singing English songs. 通过 方式 He went home by bus.= He went home on the bus= He took the bus home. through 通过 方式+ 名词：The best way to relax is through exercise （从 里面）穿过：Climb through the window. 20. 例如留意： 横过（从一边到另一边）walk across the street

32、. 第 4 页,共 20 页such as =like + 名短：如： such as winning the game. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载for example + 句子： 如： It s healthy for the mind and the body.21.Old habits die hard. 恶习难改 . diev: 死亡；消逝 deathn: 死亡；deadadj: 死的； dyingadj: 垂死的；临终的；（植）枯萎的 dying wish-遗言21. You can spend t

33、ime with your friends and family as you play together. spend 度过（时间）如：spend the weekend with family 花费（时间、钱）如：He spent 20 yuan in buying the magazine. 同义句： He spent 20 yuan on the magazine. He paid 20 yuan for the magazine. It took him 20 yuan to buy the magazine. The magazine cost him 20 yuan. Unit3

34、 I m more outgoing than my sister短语归纳more outgoing 更外向 as as 与 一样 the singing compe tition 唱歌竞赛be similar to 与 相像的 / 类似的 the same as 和 相同；与 一样be different from 与 不同 care about 关怀；介意 be like a mirror 像一面镜子the most important 最重要的 as long as 只要；既然 bring out 使显现；使表现出get better grades 取得更好的成果 reach for 伸

35、手取 in fact 事实上；实际上make friends 交伴侣 the other 其他的 touch ones heart感动某人be talented in music 有音乐天赋 be good at 善于 be good with 善于与 相处have fun doing sth. 享受做某事的乐趣 be good at doing sth 善于做某事make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 want to do sth. 想要做某事as+adj./adv. 的原级 +as 与 一样 It s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说,做某事 的；语法讲

36、解15. 形容词和副词的比较级一、含义 1. 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：2. 比较级：表示两者 人或物 之间的比较；原级、比较级、最高级 : good better - best 3. 加 more/most 的情形： .部分双音节和多音节词；.-ed/ing结尾的词； adj+ly adv.4. 双写的词：一个大热天,一个胖子和一个瘦子穿着红衣服,汗湿了,很难过；big hot fat thin red wet sad 二比较级基本句型：连系动词 + adj. （比）如： Lucy is slower than Lily. 1 主语 +谓语动词 +adj./adv（比） + than+

37、对比成分ll实义动词 + adv./ （比）如：Lucy runs more slowly than Lily. 2. 主语必需与对比成分保持一样：Her hair is longer than yours. your hair 3同级比较as+adj./adv.原级 +as : “犹如 一样 ”否定： not as/so+adj./adv.原级+as : “不如 一样 ”4比较级 and 比较级：越来越 e.g. They talked more and more loudly. 5. The 比较级 ,the 比较级 ：越 就越 The more exercise you do, the

38、stronger you6. “Which / Who is + 比较级,A or B ？” e.g. Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one. 7. the+ 比较级 +of the （ two ） : 两者中较 的一个Of the twins, she was the more hard-working . 8. 常用 the one 代单数可数名词 ,the ones /those 代替复数名词 ,that 代替不行数名词 . e.g. The book here is newer than the one on the deskThe

39、apples on the tree are fresher than those/the ones in the box. The weather in Wuhan is hotter than that in Beijing. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 20 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载9. 比较级前可用 “数词+名词 ” 表示确定的度量；e.g. I am 5 years older than himThe room is 3 times as large as that one. 留意： 1. 原级常与 very,

40、 as ,so, too, quite,pretty, really 等连用；2. 比较级常与 much, even, far, than, a little, a bit, a lot 等连用 . 3. Than 后的比较状语结构 : e.g. He runs faster than me/ I do. 16. You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though. 叙述： tell a story/lie/joke. 然而,你能看得出丽莎真的想赢；1. tell 告知 ： tell sb. sth.不能为 it/them= tell sth

41、. to sb. ; tell sb. not to do sth. 辨别；识别： Can you tell the differences between the twins. 2.though意为 “然而；但是 ”,表示转折关系,常放于句尾,用逗号隔开,而however 可位于句首、句中或句末,常用逗号隔开；However ,You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win 17. I think friends are like books- you dont need a lot of them as long as they good. 我认为伴

42、侣就像书 - 你不需要很多,只要好 就行；look like : 看起来像（外貌） She is pretty tall. be like: 像（性格,外貌）He is outgoing/ serious. 18. My best friend helps to brings out the best in me. 我最好的伴侣帮我激发出我最好的品质 . 使显现；使表现出：The dress brings out the color of her skin. bring out 生产；出版：The factory brings out a new kind of car. bring out

43、the best/worst in sb. 激发出某人最好 / 最差的品质 . 19. I know she cares about me because shes always there to listen to me. 我知道她关怀我,由于她随时都能够听我倾诉；n 当心；谨慎 Take care. 当心/ 保重 Cross the road with care. 1. care : 介意；在乎（ =mind ）I dont care what happens. v care about: 关怀；在意 如： He doesn t care about anything people say. care for 关怀；照料 = take care of 或 look after 宠爱；想要（否或疑）如： Would you care for a cup of coffee. 2. be therefor sb.