2022年小升初语法--形容词和副词的比较级和最高级.docx

《2022年小升初语法--形容词和副词的比较级和最高级.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年小升初语法--形容词和副词的比较级和最高级.docx（9页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载形容词和副词的比较级和最高级一、形容词和副词的比较等级形式大多数形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、 比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别； 原级即形容词和副词的原形,两种；比较级和最高级有规章变化和不规章变化（1） 规章变化： 音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er,-est 来构成比较级和最高级；构成法 原级 比较级 最高级一般单音节词末尾加-er,-est；tall 高的 taller tallest great庞大的 greater greatest 以不发音的 e 结尾的单音节词 nice好的 nicer ni

2、cest 和少数以 - le 结尾的双音节词 large大的 larger largest 只加 -r,-st ；able（有才能的 abler ablest 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节 big 大的 bigger biggest 单音节词,双写结尾的辅音字 hot 热的 hotter hottest 母, 再加 -er,-est ；“ 以辅音字母+y” 结尾的双音easy简单的 easier easiest 节词,改 y 为 i,再加-er,busy忙的 busier busiest -est ；少数以 -er, -ow 结尾的双音节clever聪慧的 cleverer cleverest

3、词末尾加 -er,-est ；narrow 窄的 narrower narrowest 其他双音节词和多音节词,在important 重要的 more important most important 前面加more,most 来构成比easily简单地 more easily most easily 较级和最高级；（2）不规章变化名师归纳总结 原级比较级最高级第 1 页,共 6 页good好的 / well 健康的 better best ill 有病的 / bad 坏的 / badly 坏地 worse worst much/many多的 more most little 少的 less

4、least old 老的 older/elder 比较老的 /较年长的oldest/eldest 最老的 /最年长的far 远的 /地 farther/further farther/further - - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载二、形容词和副词比较等级的常用句型；（1）as + 形容词或副词原级+ as He cannot run so/as fast as you. 1）在否定句或疑问句中可用so as；2）当 as as 中间出名词时采纳以下格式；- as +形容词 + a +单数名词- as + many/much + 名

5、词This is as good an example as the other is. I can carry as much paper as you can. 3）用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时,放在 as 的前面；- This room is twice as big as that one. - Your room is the same size as mine. 4 倍数 + as + adj. + as = 倍数 + then + of - This bridge is three times as long as that one. - This bridge is

6、three times the length of that one. - Your room is twice as large as mine. - Your room is twice the size of mine. （2）比较级形容词或副词+ than - You are taller than I. 留意：1）要防止重复使用比较级；- 错 He is more cleverer than his brother. - 对 He is more clever than his brother. - 对 He is clever than his brother. 2）要防止将主语含

7、在比较对象中；- 错 China is larger that any country in Asia. - 对 China is larger than any other countries in Asia. 3）要留意对应句型,遵循前后一样的原就；- The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. - It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out. 4）要留意冠词的使用,后出名词的时候,前面才有可能出名词；比较： Which is large, Canada or A

8、ustralia. Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia. She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters. （3）可修饰比较级的词 1）a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even 等 2）仍可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语；3）以上词 除 by far 外,必需置于比较级形容词或副词的前面；

9、典型例题1） - Are you feeling _. - Yes,Im fine now. better. A. any wellB. any betterC. quite good D. quite better 答案： B. any 可修饰比较级,quite 修饰原级, well 的比较级为2）The experiment was_ easier than we had expected. A. more B. much more C. much D. more much 答案： C. much 可修饰比较级,因此 B,C 都说得通,但 easier本身已是比较级,不 需 more,因此

10、 C 为正确答案；3）If there were no examinations, we should have _ at school. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time 答案： D；重点难点详解（1）many ,old 和 far 1 假如后接名词时,much more + 不行数名词many more +可数名词复数2

11、 old 有两种比较级和最高级形式 : - older/oldest - elder/eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系；- My elder brother is an engineer. - Mary is the eldest of the three sisters. 3 far 有两种比较级,farther,further. 在英语中两者都可指距离；在美语中, father 表示距离, further 表示进一步；I have nothing further to say. （2）the + 最高级 + 比较范畴1 The Sahara is the biggest desert

12、 in the world. 形容词最高级前通常必需用定冠词the,副词最高级前可不用；形容词 most 前面没有 the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示“特别 ”；It is a most important problem. = It is a very important problem. 留意：使用最高级要留意将主语包括在比较范畴内；- 错 Tom is the tallest of his three brothers. - 对 Tom is the tallest of the three brothers. 2 以下词可修饰最高级by far, far, much, mostly,

13、almost 留意：- This hat is nearly / almost the biggest. a. very 可修饰最高级,但位置与 much 不同；- This is the very best. - This is much the best. b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级；- Africa is the second largest continent. 3 句型转换：- Mike is the most intelligent in his class. - Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his cl

14、ass. 4 “否定词语 +比较级 ”,“ 否定词语 + so as ”结构表示最高级含义；Nothing is so easy as this. =Nothing is easier than this. =This is the easiest thing. （3）和 more 有关的词组1 the more the more 越 就越 The harder you work ,the greater progress youll make. 2 more B than A = less A than B 与其说 A 不如说 B He is more lazy than slow at h

15、is work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work. 3 no more than 与 一样 ,不比 多 The officials could see no more than the Emperor. no less than 与 一样 He is no less diligent than you. 名师归纳总结 4 more than 不只是,特别She is more than kind to us all. 第 3 页,共 6 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载形容词和副词比

16、较级和最高级习题一、挑选填空1. Which does Jimmy like _ , Chinese or Art.A. well B. best C. better D. much 2. The Changjiang River is one of _ in the world. A. the longest river B. longest rivers C. the longest rivers D. longer rivers 3. The box is _than I wanted. A. biger B. the biger C. bigger D. the bigger 4. M

17、y mooncake is nicer _ his.A. likeB. withC. forD. than 5. You are fatter than _ .C. himD. he is tall A. heB. his6. He jumps _ of the three. A. farB. furtherC. farthestD. furthest D. Lucy s7. My hair is longer than _. A. my sisterB. KateC. my brothers8. There are _ paper here .Please bring some. A. li

18、ttleB. less C. fewerD. a little 9. The pen is _ than that one.A. more cheap B. cheap C. much cheaper D. quite cheaper 10.Tom speaks Chinese _ better than Jimmy.A. moreB. veryC. a lot ofD. much 11.There are _ girls in Class Two than in Class Four.A. more B. nicest C. most D. best 12.It s too _ for yo

19、u to do that.A. easy B. more dangerous C. harder D. the easiest 13.Who has _ apples now, Jim, Lily or Lucy. 名师归纳总结 A. muchB. biggestC. betterD. the most 第 4 页,共 6 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料欢迎下载_ . 14.You have more rulers than me. But_ are nicer thanA. mine, yours B. mine, yourC. my,

20、 yoursD. my, your 15.Tingting is _than Meimei, but Meimei is_than Tingting. A. all, strongerB. taller, strongest C. tallest, strongD. taller, stronger 16.Mother is _ in my family. A. busyB. busierC. the busiestD. more busy 17.There are _A. more childrenin the park on Sunday. B. a lot of people C. mu

21、ch men and women D. many peoples 18.-This blue sweater is too big for me .-Will you please show me a _ one. A. smallB. smallerC. the smallestD. smallest 19.No one is _ Mary in the class. A. so tallest asB. as taller as C. so high asD. so tall as 20. This bike is _ than that one.A. twenty yuan dear C

22、. dear twenty yuanB. twenty yuan dearer D. dearer twenty yuan 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Your classroom is _ wide and _ bright than ours. 2.There are _ few hours of sunlight a day in winter than in summer. 3.Which do you like _ well , Maths or Chemistry. 4.This is the _ good film I have ever seen. 5.Africa is

23、the second _ large continent.6.What he said made his mother much _ angry . m not as _ careful as he. 7.I 8.Weve got as _ many books as we need.9.Practice as _ much as you can. 10.They have done _ much work with _ little money. 11.Youre the _ kind person Ive ever met. 12.He is _ young than his two si

24、sters. 13.The _ old I get, the _ strong I seem to feel. 14.The weather is getting _ warm and _ warm . 15.Summer is _ hot season of the year. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 6 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 精选资料 欢迎下载参考答案：一、挑选填空1-5CCCDA6-10CDBCD 11-15AADAD16-20 CBBDB 二、用所给词的适当形式填空1. wider, brighter 2. fewer 3. better 4. best 5. largest 6. angry 7. careful 8. many 9. much 10. more, less 11. kindest 12. younger 13. older, stronger, 14. warmer, warmer 15. the hottest 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 6 页