2022年初一名词单复数,所有格.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 初一上学问点复习（三）名词的单复数,可数与不行数名词,名词的全部格,冠词学问点 1. 名词的单复数名词： 表示人或事物的名称或抽象概念的词；可数名词与不行数名词. 单数 可数名词前面可加 a,an 来修饰：a bag一个包. 可数名词：可以计数的 名词复数可数名词名词不行数名词： 不计其数 的名词没有复数形式 ,前面不能用不定冠词a, an,也不能直接加数词A.可数名词但可以跟某些量词短语搭配 ,表示数量 ,如: a glass of water, two cups of tea. 1. 单数可数名词,表示 “ 一” 的概念 ,指单个的可数物体

2、；要用名词的单数形式,表示名词的单数,要在名词前加冠词 a 或 an；（an 多用于以 a ,e, i, o,开头的单词）eg： a book/ tree an apple/ egg 2.复数名词：指两个或以上的可数物体；名词复数的规章变化； 在一般情形下,词尾后加-s；books,cups,beds,boys,horses . 以 s,x,sh,ch 结尾的词,词尾加-es,读 |iz| buses,boxes,dishes 碟子, watches 以 f 或 fe 结尾的词,先将 f 或 fe 变成 v,再加 -es,读 |vz| halfhalves,knife knives 小刀 wi

3、fe wives 以辅音字母加 o 结尾的词,词尾加-es；tomatoes,potatoes 留意 ：A.假如是元音字母加 o 结尾的名词只加 s：zoos,radios,vedios B.有特别的以辅音字母加 o结尾的也加 s : photo-photos; piano-pianos 钢琴 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的词,先将 y 改为 i 再加 -es；cities,families ,babies 3 名词复数的不规章变化；manmen,toothteeth 牙齿, childchildren ,sheepsheep绵羊, deer-deer 小鹿foot-feet 脚 Chinese C

4、hinese Japanese Japanese 4 有些名词只有复数形式 clothes,trousers 裤子, glasses,socks , shorts , pants , shoes 通常是以复数的形式显现；*另外,当我要表达一双袜子,一条裤子等时,要说成 a pair of socks a pair of shorts 5.一些代词和其他词复数的不规章变化； I - we you you he, she, it - they me-us him/her/it-them this - these that those my our her, his, its their am/ i

5、s are a/ an some 6. 句子单数变复数,留意以下六要素：主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即 She is a girl. They are girls. I we,youyou ,she,he,it they；如：am,is 要变为 are；如： I m a student. We are students.不定冠词 a,an 要去掉；如： He is a boy. They are boys.一般单数名词要变为复数形式；如：It is an apple. They are apples.指示代词 this,that 要变为 these,those；如： This i

6、a a bo x. These are boxes.man,woman 名词作定语修饰可数名词时,要在“数” 上与被修饰名词保持一样；但其他名词修饰名词表示“ 性质” 时,不作变化；She is a woman doctor. Th eey are women doctors.That is a pencil case. Those are pencil cases.B.不行数名词1. 没有复数形式 ,前面不能用不定冠词 a, an,也不能直接加数词 .但可以跟某些量词短语搭配 ,表示数量 , 如: a glass of water 一杯水（不能说 a water） a cup of tea.

7、一杯茶 a piece of paper 一张纸 a piece of bread 一片面包 A bottle of milk 一瓶牛奶2. 不行数名词跟量词搭配时,变复数只变量词：two glasses of water many cups of tea twenty pieces of paper 注：可数名词也可以和量词搭配 ,of 后的可数名词要用复数形式：a box of apples 一箱苹果a pair of shoes一双鞋1 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 当量词的数量超过一时,也变复数：Six

8、boxes of apples 8 pairs of shoes专项练习一 一.用所给单词的适当形式填空：1.It s not _ alarm clock. a 2. Let _ play tennis. I 3. Where _ Toms parents.b4. Many _.sheep 5. I see your _. They are fine.grandparent 6. Your _ are my pen _. 伴侣 7. His _ are very cute. 女儿 8. The two _ are good. 家庭 9. _ answers are right.they 10.

9、 Her sister and his brother arent my _ _ 表兄妹 11. I have two_ knife 12. There are many _ here. box 13. There are many _ on the road. bus 14. A few _ are drawing on the wall. boy 二、写出以下名词的复数形式15. The _ are playing football now. child 1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 22、sheep 6、child 7、shelf 8、

10、 bed 9、 country 10、family 11、 toy 12、foot 13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo 16、 army 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20、knife 三、挑选填空1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful. A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos 2. This kind of car made in Shanghai. A. is B .are C .were D .has 3. There a

11、re four and two in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans 4. Thats art book. A. an B. a C. the D are 5. The boys have got already. A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of breads 6. The old man wants . A. six boxes of apples

12、 B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples 7. There some in the river. A. is ,fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are ,fish 8. There two in the box. A. is watch B. are watches C. are watch D. is watches 9. We should clean twice a day. A .our tooth B. our tooths C.teeth D.our te

13、eth 10.The _ meeting room is near the reading r oom. A.teacher B.teacherC.teachersD.teachers 11. In Britain _ are all painted red. A.letter boxes B.letters boxes C.letter box D.letters box 四单数句变复数句,复数句变单数句1It is a bus._ 2This is my sister._ 3He is his friend ._ 4That is her dictionary._ 5Those are b

14、oxes._ 6They are teachers._ 7These are desks ._ 8We are boys. _ 9.I have a tooth, foot and hand._ 学问点 2. 冠词与名词的搭配冠词是放在名词前的一个虚词,本身无独立意义；冠词分为不定冠词（a, an）和定冠词（ the）；1. 巧学 a 和 an： a 和 an 均为 不定冠词 ,用于单数可数名词前,表示数量为“ 一个、块、只 ”1 a 用于辅音音标 而不是辅音字母 开头的单数可数名词前,an 用于元音音标 而不是元音字母 开头的单数可数名词前；a pen; an orange; an umbr

15、ella 一把伞 ; an English teacher an hour 一个小时 ; a useful pen 一只有用的钢笔2如单数可数名词前有 this、that、 my 等代词修饰时,就不再使用 a 或 an；1. This isbag A my B my a Ca my 2. This isnJapanese mapThat isEnglish map A a；a Ban； an Ca；an 2 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 在某些固定词组中,需要不定冠词,如：a lot of ,a bit, tak

16、e a walk,have a rest等；2.定冠词 the 的用法：与指示代词 this,that 相同,有 “那这个” 的意思,但较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西；1 特指双方都明白的人或物 look at the blackboard 看黑板2上文提到过的人或事,第一次显现用 a/an,其次次显现用 the: 如： There is a pen on the floor. The pen is red. 3 用在序数词的前面；如：May is the fifth month of a year.五月是一年的第五个月；4 用在一些习惯用语中；如：in the mo

17、rning/afternoon/evening 在早晨 /下午 /晚上5用在乐器之前；如：play the piano 弹钢琴3. 不用冠词的场合1名词前有 this,that,my,some,no,each,every 等作修饰词时；如：His table is useful.他的桌子很有用；2表示星期、月份、季节、节日的名词前；如：I watch TV on Sundays.我在周日看电视；3在三餐名词前；如：My father play baseball after supper .我爸爸晚饭后读报纸；4在球类运动前；如：Do you like playing basketball.你喜

18、爱打篮球吗？5惯用语；如： at night,in bed,at school,go to school 去上学 专项练习二go to bed 去睡觉等；1. There is _ art room in the building. A. a B. an C. the D. / 2. What color is _ orange.- It s _ orange. A. an, the B. /, an C. an, / D. /, the3. Do you know _ old lady in blue. Yes. Shes a teacher of _ university in Beiji

19、ng. A. an, an B. the, a C. the, an D. an, a 4. Last week Lilys father bought her _ Mp4 player as _ birthday present. A. a, a B. a, an C. an, a D. an, an5. The girl often plays _ piano for _ old. A. the, / B. /, the C. the, the D. /, / 6. There is_ “u” and _ “s” in the word A. a, a rulers B. an, a .

20、C. a, an D. an, an7. This is_ Japanese book. Its not _English book. B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a 8. I have _ very interesting book. It is about_ exciting game. A. an, the B. the, a C. a, an D. a, a9Is that your _ . Aa picture B picture Cpictures Dnice pictures 10 Are _ Kates _. Athis, book Bthat,book

21、 Cthese,books D those,book 11 What can I do for you, sir. - I d like two _.A. bottle of orange B. bottle of oranges c.bottles of oranges D.bottles of orange 12.Many _ are talking under the tree. And their _ are swimming in the lake. A. woman, children B. woman, child C. women, children D. women, chi

22、ld 13. The little baby has two _ already. A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths 二完型填空1 name is Chen Gang. I2 m Chinese boy. I 3 twelve. I 4 English. Im in . Im in Class Seven, Grade One. My 6 name is Miss Gao. She is a good teacher. 7 school I have a friend. 8 name is Ma Qiang. This is a photo of my

23、 9 .That man is my father. 10 is thirty-nine. The woman is my mother , she is thirty-seven. The girl is my sister .She is ten. That boy is me. 1.A. I B. My C. Me D. His 2.A. a B. an C. the D. / 3.A. is B. am C. are D. / 4.A. like B. likes C. look like D. look for 5.A. No. 1 middle school B. No.1 Mid

24、dle school C. No.1 middle School D.No.1Middle School 6.A. teachers B. teacherC. teachers D. teacher 7.A. at B. in C. At D. In 8.A. He B. His C. Her D. she 9.A. home B. school C. family D. bedroom 10.A. he B. He C. Its D. It三、以下句子均有一处错误,请在错处下划横线,并把正确答案写在题后的横线上（保持句子意思不变）；1. There are four peoples in m

25、y family._ 3. That is his father friend._ 2. Are those your friend._ 4. This isnt her bag. Its I bag._ 3 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 5. These are apple._ 7. -Dad, he is my friends, Tom. _ 9. Mr Green is Jim father._ 学问点 3. 名词的全部格6. Are they your grandparent._ 8. Excuse me

26、, is that yours watch._ 10. There is a bottle of the water on the desk._ 名词全部格形式：表示有生命的名词与后面名词的全部关系；分为：1名词 s全部格见下表：of 全部格：动物和无生命的名词全部格一般使用介词 of 短语来表示；如：单数名词后直接加s Jims coat 吉姆的外套 Jeff s mother 杰夫的妈妈以 s 结尾的复数名词,只加Teachers Day 老师节 the twins books 双胞胎的书不以 s 结尾的不规章的名词复数,加s名词 s全部格 Womens Day 妇女节 Childrens

27、 Day 儿童节 mens shoes男式鞋表示两者共同拥有时,只在最终一个名词后加s表示两者各自拥有时,要在每个名词后加sLucy and Lilys mother 露茜和莉莉的妈妈（一个妈妈）Lucy s and Kates rooms 露茜和凯特的房间（各自的房间,不是同一个）the name of her cat 她的猫的名字 a picture of our school 一张我们学校的照片有时有生命的东西也可用 of 全部格,可与名词s全部格替换；如：the name of the boy=the boy这个男孩的名字专项练习三1. _ 李明的父母 work in a big ho

28、spital. 2. This is _ 我妹妹的语文书 3. _ 我的姐姐和弟弟的卧房 are very nice. 4. _ 王平和王明的父亲 is a hotel manager. 5. Is this _ 你的好伴侣的钢笔 . 6. They are _Peter 和 Sam的老师 . 7. _ 老师节 is on September 10th . 8. _ 同学们的桌椅 are very new. 11. Please open _教室的门 . 12. _ 赵敏的鞋 are white. s14. _John 和 Sally 的母亲 are American. 15. _ 刘伟的妻子

29、的伴侣 is from Guangzhou. 16. _Tony 哥哥的电脑 is broken. 17. It s _ 妇女节 on March 8th. 18. Are these _ 男生们的书包 . 20. _ 我父亲的和她父亲的伴侣 are from Beijing. 21._ shirt is white. A. My brother B. My brothers C. My brotherD. My brothers22. Today is September 10th. It is _ Day. A. Teachers B. TeachersC. the TeachersD.

30、Teacher23. Today is September 10th. Its _ Day. A. Teacher B. TeachersC. Teachers D. Teacher 24. Its June 1st, its _ Day. A. Childrens B. ChildrensC. Childrens D. Childrenss 25. This year, _ is on May 9th. 4 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 5 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - A.My mothers birthday B. My mothers b

31、rithday C. My mothers birthday D. My motherss birthday 26. This is _ . A. Mike and Jims bike B. Mikes and Jim bike C. Mikes and Jims bike D.Mike and Jim bike 巩固练习一按要求写出相应的词1this（反义词） _ 2these（反义词） _3it（复数形式） _ 4that（复数形式） _ 5photo（复数形式） _6picture（复数形式） _7cousin（复数形式） _ 8friend （复数形式） _9son（对应词） _ 10

32、sister（对应词） _ 二、将下面的词变成复数1.this friend _2. brother _3.grandparent _4.this is _ 5.that key _ 6. . this boy _ 7. that girl _8 . sister_ 三.挑选填空1. My_ is a teacher. A. parents B. grandparents C. parent D. fathers2. This is my good _. A. friends B. friend C. sisters D. brothers 3. My _ are all teachers.

33、A. friend B. sister C. grandparents D. mother 4. The red T- shirt is eight _ . A. dollar B. pound C. dollars D. cent 5. - Where _ your new pants. - _ on the bed. A. is, ItB. are, TheyC. is, TheyD. are, Its6. These shirts _ only 5 dollars. Do you want _. A. are, it B. is, them C. are, them D. is, it

34、7.How much _ these carrots. A. are B. is C. do D. does 8.Three_ are eating grassA sheep B sheeps 9Water_ a kind of matter A is B are 10 Her clothes_ nearly worn out A is B.are 11There_no water in the glass A.are B.is 12.I want to buy 买_. A. kilo （公斤） of meat B. a kilo of meats C. two kilos of meats

35、D. two kilos of meat 13.There is lots of _ in the cup. . A. milks B. waters C .meats D.orange 四按要求改写句子,每空一词：1.That is her sister.变为复数句 _ _her_. 2.These are my friends. 变为单数句 _ _my_. 3指出并改正句中的一处错误；How much is the socks. _ How much are that pants. _ 五、用括号内词的适当形式填空：These shoes are twenty-three dollar.

36、_ 1There are two_ over there （ watch）2I like taking _ （ photo）3l can see a _and two _ standing there（ man,woman）4There are two baskets of_ on the floor （ apple）7This is a_ Those are three_（ knife ）6Look at those_（ child）8He doesnt like these_（ glass）9Thirty _live in this building（ family ）六、翻译1 每天早上他吃鸡蛋、面包和蔬菜；2.一个鸡蛋和两杯牛奶Lucy 的妈妈是我爸爸的伴侣；3.一条短裤4. 36 双鞋子5. 8 个班6. 我的爸爸是一个老师,7. 杯子里有很多牛奶；5 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 5 页