2022年高一英语下学期Healthyeating .pdf

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1、读书破万卷下笔如有神学科：英语教学内容： Healthy eating【单元重点】词语探究Healthy, habit, stomach, cough, traditional, product, function, supplement, lose weight, develop, now and then, equipment 句子分析1I think that vegetables are good food because they contain lots of vitamins2Does Mike have a fever? 3Take this medicine three ti

2、mes a day Youll be all right soon4Traditional diets often have too much fat and too many calories for the 21st century person5If we want to keep up with the high pace of modern life, we had better learn to make the right choices about what and how we eat6Some nutrients help build our body and make i

3、t stronger7Calcium, which is found in eggs, milk and other dairy products, is good for our bones and teeth8People become vegetarians either because they believe it is healthier not to eat meat or because they do not think we should kill animals for food9Organic vegetables are vegetables that are gro

4、wn without chemicals that can be harmful to human beings and the enviroment10Instead of eating expensive diet foods or going on unhealthy diets, we can simply try to eat less fat and sugar and exercise more11If our body is short of any of its kind, well become sick12It can keep us from feeling cold

5、and it often helps make food taste better13They also give us vitamins, such as vitamin C and vitamin A, and fibre14Other snacks take a bit longer to prepare, but they can give us a chance to practise our cooking skills口语交际1Whats wrong with Mike? 2Whats the matter? 3Its nothing serious4And I advise y

6、ou not to eat fruit that isnt ripe in the future语法详释精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 10 页读书破万卷下笔如有神情态动词 (1) had better， should ，ought to 【课文理解】Part One词语探究1healthy 用作形容词， 意思是 “健康的， 健壮的， 卫生的”，它的比较级和最高级分别是healthier，healthiest，反义词是unhealthy ，它的名词形式是health 。egTom is healthier than Pe

7、ter汤姆比彼得健壮些。Her mother is in good health她母亲身体健康。 辨析 healthy，healthful healthy意思是“健康的” ，通常指人。egHe is very healthy他很健康。healthful意思是“有益于健康的”，通常指物。egGreen vegetables are a healthful food绿色蔬菜是有益健康的食物。2habit(1) 在单元里，该词的意思是“习惯”。egThe boy formed the habit of reading那个男孩养成阅读的习惯。(2) 由 habit构成的常见短语：be in the h

8、abit of有的习惯get into the habit of染上的习惯get sb into the habit of使某人养成的习惯get out of a habit戒除一种习惯 辨析 habit，hobby，custom，practice 这四个词都可表示“习惯，习俗”的含义，但有一定的差异。habit常指个人的习惯，习性。hobby 通常指业余的爱好。custom 通常指社会、国家、宗教等长时间形成的习惯、风俗或习俗。practice通常指习俗或惯例，通常与custom 同义，但常常表示贬义。3stomach (1) 用作名词，意思是“胃”， “腹部”，通常用作可数名词，它的复数形

9、式为stomachs。egHe has a pain in his stomach他胃疼痛。The baby was lying on its stomach那婴儿俯卧着。(2) 用作不可数名词，意思是“胃口，爱好”。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 10 页读书破万卷下笔如有神egShe has stomach for basketball她想打篮球。4cough (1) 用作名词，意思是“咳嗽”，通常用作可数名词。egThe teacher had a bad cough yesterday老师昨天咳嗽得很厉害。(2)

10、 用作动词，意思是“咳嗽”。egThe patient coughed all the time那个病人咳个不停。5traditional 用作形容词，意思是“传统的”， “惯例的”。egThe traditional friendship between the two countries has a long history两国的传统友谊有着悠久的历史。The doctor saidThe traditional Chinese medicine does good to the patient 大夫说：“中药对病人有好处。 ”6product 通常用作可数名词，意思是“产物，产品”。eg

11、The country is famous for its industrial and agricultural products这个国家以它的工农业产品而出名。7function (1) 用作名词，意思是“功能”， “作用”。egThe professor performed an important function in the experiment那位教授在实验中起着重大作用。The function of his heart goes well他的心脏功能正常。(2) 用作动词，意思是“(器官的 ) 活动” ， “( 机器的 ) 运行” 。egThe machine does no

12、t function properly这台机器有点毛病。The telephone was not functioning这台电话坏了。8supplement (1) 用作名词，意思是“增补，补充”， “( 书刊等的 ) 副刊，增刊” 。egThis is a supplement to a dictionary这是词典的补编。(2) 用作动词，意思是“增补，补充”。egThe farmers often supplement natural fertilizer with chemical fertilizer农民常用化肥来补充天然肥料。9lose weight lose weight 的意

13、思是“减肥” ， “体重减轻” ，而 put on weight 的意思是“长胖” ， “发福”，“体重增加” 。egThe big man often does morning exercises to lose weight精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 10 页读书破万卷下笔如有神那个大块头的人常常晨练为的是减肥。10develop (1) 用作及物动词，意思是“发展”， “启发”， “开发”， “冲洗”。egThose countries should develop the heavy industries那些

14、国家应该发展重工业。The photos have been developed照片已冲洗出来了。(2) 用作不及物动词，意思是“发展”， “生长”， “产生”。egThe seeds have developed into plants种子已长成植物。Things developed smoothly事情发展顺利。11now and then (1)now and then的意思是“时而” ， “有时”。egHe went to see his parents now and then他偶尔去看看他的双亲。(2) 在英语中，表示“时而”的短语常见的有：now and then有时，偶尔a l

15、ittle now and a little then时断时续now and again时而，有时from time to time有时，不时at times有时，不时once in a while偶尔，间或12equipment 用作名词，意思是“设备”， “设置”， “装备”， “装置”，通常用作不可数名词。egThe equipment of this laboratory took much time and money这个实验室的装备花费了很多时间和金钱。This is a machinery equipment plant这是一个机械装备厂。Our school is speedi

16、ng up the equipment of the laboratory我们学校正在加速配备实验室。part Two句子分析1I think that vegetables are good food because they contain lots of vitamins我认为蔬菜是好的食品，因为它们含有大量维生素。(1) 句中 that引导一个宾语从句，从句中又含有because 引导的原因状语从句。(2)because是连词，意思是“因为”，通常用来叙述原因。egHe couldnt come to the party because his wife was ill因为他妻子生病，

17、所以他不能来参加聚会。(3)lots of相当于 a lot of，意思是“许多” ，通常用于肯定句，在否定句或疑问句中则多半用 many或 much 。egThere are lots of eggs in the basket精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 10 页读书破万卷下笔如有神篮子里有许多鸡蛋。There is a lot of milk in the glass杯子里有许多牛奶。 注意 a lot of或 lots of既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。2Does Mike have a fever?

18、迈克发烧吗 ? fever的意思是“发烧，发热”，通常用作不可数名词。egHe has a high fever他在发高烧。3Take this medicine three times a dayYoull be all right soon每天吃三次这种药。你会马上康复的。(1)three times a day意思是“每天三次” 。egHe often goes shopping with his wife three times a week他常常每周三次陪他妻子购物。(2)time可以表示“次数” ，用作可数名词。egIve read the poem five times这首诗我已

19、读了五遍。 注意 说“一次”，通常用once，而不用a time或 one time ， “两次”通常用twice ，而不用 two times 。如果要说“一两次” ，可以用 once or twice ，说“两三次” ，常用 two or three times ，也可用twice or thrice。(3)all right在此句意思是“( 健康状况 ) 良好” 。(4)all right还可以起加强语气作用，意思是“确实”。egYou have read the book all right，but the point is that you havent studied it cri

20、tically不错，这本书你是读过了，但问题是没有用批判的眼光去分析。4Traditional diets often have too much fat and too many calories for the 21st century person传统的食物对21 世纪的人来说含有太多的脂肪和太多的热量。(1)diet用作名词，意思是“饮食”， “食物”。egThe doctor put the patient on a special diet大夫给这个病人规定特别饮食。(2)diet还可用作动词，意思是“给指定饮食”。egThe doctor has dieted the patie

21、nt strictly大夫严格规定病人的饮食。5If we want to keep up with the high pace of modern life， we had better learn to make the right choices about what and how we eat如果我们想跟上现代生活的节奏，我们最好学会对吃什么和如何吃做出正确的选择。(1)keep up with意思是“跟上” 。egWei Fang worked hard in order to keep up with her classmates魏芳努力学习是为了跟上她的同学。(2)if引导条件

22、状语从句，从句一般不能用将来时态，而应用一般现在时代替一般将来时，精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 10 页读书破万卷下笔如有神一般过去时代替过去将来时。egIf I have time，Ill visit you如果我有时间，我就来看望你们。6Some nutrients help build our body and make it stronger有些营养食品有助于增强我们的体质而且使身体更加强壮。(1)build ones body在这里的意思是“增强某人的体质”，其中 build可用 build up来代替，意思

23、是“使增强”， “使强壮”，body 有单复数变化形式。egHe went to live in the countryside and soon built up his body他到农村去住，身体很快就强壮起来了。Taking exercises can build our bodies运动能使我们身体强壮。(2) 句中 it代替 our body 。7Calcium ， which is found in eggs，milk and other dairy products，is good for our bones and teeth钙对我们的骨骼和牙齿是有好处的，钙存在于鸡蛋、牛奶和

24、其他日常食品里。(1) 句中 which is found in eggs，milk and other dairy products是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词calcium 。非限制性定语从句对于它所修饰的那个先行词，通常只是一个附加说明，如果省略掉，主句的意思依然完整。一般不能用关系代词that来引导非限制性定语从句。egJack London ， who was one of the famous American writers，lived in a very adventurous life杰克伦敦过着非常冒险的生活，他是著名的美国作家之一。上句中，如果去掉who was one

25、 of the famous American writers，其意义仍然完整。(2)be good for意思是“对有益” ，后面接表示人或事物的名词。egPractice is good for health锻炼有益于健康。 辨析 be good for， be good at，be good to be good for意思是“对有益( 有利，有用 ) ” ；后面通常接表示人或事物的名词。egGreen food is good for us绿色食品对我们有益。be good at意思是“擅长，善于” ，后面通常接名词、代词或动名词。egHe is good at drawing他擅长绘

26、画。be good to意思是“对友好” ，后面通常接表示人的或人格化的名词。egHe is often good to me他常对我好。8People become vegetarians either because they believe it is healthier not to eat meat or because they do not think we should kill animals for food人们成为素食主义者要么是因为他们认为不吃肉会更健康，要么是因为他们认为我们不应该捕杀动物作为食物。句中 either or 是并列连词，意思是“要么要么”， “是，还是

27、” ，“不是，就是”，通常引导并列成分或并列分句。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 10 页读书破万卷下笔如有神eg Either you or he has to go there或者是你或者是他得去那儿。( 并列主语 ) 注意 either or 引导并列主语，谓语动词的数一般和最近的主语一致。Do you speak either French or English? 你是讲法语还是英语。( 并列宾语 ) You either go or dont go你要么去要么不去。( 并列谓语 ) Either you com

28、e early or you stay here要么你来早点，要么你呆在这儿。(并列分句 ) 9Organic vegetables are vegetables that are grown without chemicals that can be harmful to human beings and the enviroment有机蔬菜就是不用化学药品种植的蔬菜，化学药品对人类和环境是有害的。(1) 句子 that are grown without chemicals是定语从句，修饰先行词vegetables ，that can be harmful to human beings

29、and the enviroment也是定语从句，修饰先行词chemicals 。(2)be harmful to意思是“对有害的”。egThis medicine is harmful to our health这种药品是对我们健康有害的。10Instead of eating expensive diet foods or going on unhealthy diets，we can simply try to eat less fat and sugar and exercise more我们只能尽量少吃脂肪和糖，并且多锻炼，而不吃昂贵的食物或依靠不健康的节食。(1)instead o

30、f是短语介词，意思是“代替”， “而不是”。它后面一般跟名词，代词，动词-ing或介词短语作它的宾语。egShall we have fish instead of meat today? 我们今天吃鱼不吃肉，好吗? If I had not got a cold，Id be working instead of lying here in bed如果我没感冒，我就干活了，而不是在这里躺在床上。Well have tea in the garden instead of in the house我们将在花园里，而不是在房子里喝茶。(2)instead单独使用时，与instead of 不同，

31、instead是副词，意思是“代替” ， “而是”。egLast summer I went to QingdaoThis summer Im going to Dalian instead去年夏天我去了青岛。今年夏天我将去大连。Instead of going to Qingdao，Im going to Dalian this year今年夏天我将去大连，而不去青岛。以上两句意思一样，但是用instead这个副词时，句子中的动作是被“取”的，即要去做的，而用instead of时， of 后面的动作是被“舍”的，即不去做的。(3)go on在此句中意思是“依靠”。egThe poor we

32、nt on welfare in those days穷人们在过去靠救济生活。11If our body is short of any of its kind， well become sick如果我们身体缺少某种东西，我们就会生病。be short of意思是“缺少，缺乏” 。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 10 页读书破万卷下笔如有神egHe is often short of money他总是缺钱用。12It can keep us from feeling cold and it often helps mak

33、e food taste better这能防止我们感到寒冷，而且常使食物味道更好。(1)keep from 意思是“使不做”， “隐瞒”。egNothing can keep us from changing the plan什么也不能使我们改变计划。He kept the secret from us他隐瞒那个秘密，没有告诉我们。(2)taste在此句中用作名词，意思是“味道”， “滋味”。egSugar has a sweet taste糖有甜味。(3)taste还可用作及物动词，意思是 “品尝”，用作不及物动词，意思是 “有的味道” ，“尝起来”，后面通常接表语。egCan you ta

34、ste anything strange in the soup? 你尝得出这汤里有什么怪味道吗? This food tastes sweet这食品吃起来很甜。13They also give us vitamins，such as vitamin C and vitamin A，and fibre他们也给我们提供了像维生素C和维生素A这样的维生素和纤维素。such as 意思是“像样的” 。egI like drinks such as tea and soda我喜欢诸如茶和汽水之类的饮料。I like people such as my uncle我喜欢我叔父那样的人。14Other s

35、nacks take a bit longer to prepare，but they can give us a chance to practise our cooking skills其他的小吃要花更长时间去准备，但他们给我们提供了训练我们烹饪技术的机会。(1)bit用作名词，意思是“一点”， “一些”。egGive him a bit of water给他一点水。(2)a bit放在形容词、副词前，用作状语，也可作宾语，表语，a bit of 放在名词前，用作定语。egYour article is a bit long你的文章有点儿长。He has a bit of money他有点

36、钱。 注意 not a bit相当于not at all，意思是“毫不” ， “根本不”，not a little相当于very ，意思是“非常” 。egHe is not a bit tired他一点儿也不累。He is not a little tired精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 10 页读书破万卷下笔如有神他非常累。Part Three口语交际1Whats wrong with Mike? 迈克怎么啦 ? 2Whats the matter? 怎么啦 ? 以上两个句型，通常用于询问别人出了什么毛病。egWha

37、ts the matter with Wang Fei? 王飞怎么啦 ? He has a pain in his back他背部有点疼痛。What is wrong with the watch? 手表怎么啦 ? It doesnt work它不走了。3Its nothing serious没关系。这个句型通常用于说话人认为没什么要紧时。egI think that may be a problemBut its nothing serious我认为这可能是一个问题。但这是不要紧的。4And I advise you not to eat fruit that isnt ripe in th

38、e future我劝你今后不要吃还没成熟的水果。这是一个劝告他人做或不做某事的句型。egI advise you to think it over before you give her an answer我劝你考虑一下再答复她。He advised me not to read in bed他劝我别躺在床上看书。Part Four语法详释情态动词 (I) had better， should ，ought to 1had better had better的意思是“最好” ，后面接动词原形，表示说话人希望对方做什么。had better not 则表示说话人希望对方最好不要做什么。egYou

39、 had better see a doctor你最好找大夫看看。You had better not go home now你现在最好不要回家。2should should 通常表示劝告，建议，意思是“应该”。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 10 页读书破万卷下笔如有神egYou should keep your promise你应该履行诺言。You should invite him to the party你应该邀请他参加舞会。3ought to (1)ought to常用来表示因为有责任、义务，而应该做某事，通常

40、与should 意思相近。egThe students ought to obey the school rules学生们应遵守校规。Oughtnt we to give him a chance to try? 我们难道不应该给他一个尝试的机会吗? (2)ought to也常用来表示劝告或建议，意思是“应当”， “宜于”。egThere ought to be more buses during the rush hours在上下班乘客拥挤的时刻，公共汽车应当多一点。(3)ought to还可表示猜测，意思是“理应”， “总应该”。egIf he started at seven，he ought to be here now要是他七点钟出发，这会儿总应该到了。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 10 页