2019-2020同步外研英语必修四新突破讲义：Module 6 Section Ⅱ　Learning about Language .doc

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1、Section Learning about Language.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1If you were attacked(袭击), would you be able to defend yourself?2There is something mysterious(神秘的) about the childhood of this famous writer.3Im rather sceptical(怀疑的) about their socalled sympathy for the poor.4With no one to turn to in such a fr

2、ightening(吓人的) situation, she felt very helpless.5There was not a living creature(生物) to be seen in this abandoned island.6He dived into the river to cool off.7It is important to keep calm in an emergency.8Two thirds of the surface of the earth is covered by water.9Our school covers an area of 6，000

3、 square meters, almost three times the size of theirs.10The man walked in the snow and left many footprints behind him.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1hair n. 头发，毛发hairy adj. 毛的；多毛的2fright n. 害怕；恐惧frighten vt. 使害怕frightened adj. 害怕的frightening adj. 吓人的3exist vi. 存在existence n. 存在4sharp adj. 锋利的；尖的sharpen vt. 使

4、锋利5journal n. 杂志；学报；期刊journalist n. 记者6volcano n. 火山volcanic adj. 火山的名词后缀ence表示人的名词后缀istexistence 存在preference 偏爱difference 不同influence 影响journalist 记者scientist 科学家tourist 游客receptionist接待员.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1get close to接近，靠近2instead of而不是3be back in the news再次成为新闻4dive into the water潜入水中5on the surfac

5、e of在的表面6stick out伸出，突出来7be sceptical about对怀疑8jump out of从跳出来.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1He is back in the news because of the scandal.2Only when you get close to the flower can you smell its sweet.3Environmental groups are skeptical about the governments claims.4He made a face and stuck out his tongue at h

6、im.5Now I can walk to work instead of going by car.“动词out”短语集锦“beadj.about”短语一览stick out 伸出die out 灭绝break out 突然发生，爆发run out 用完be sceptical about 对怀疑be crazy about 迷恋；热衷于be anxious about 为担心/忧虑be enthusiastic about 对热心背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.A third report came from Li Xiaohe, who was visiting the lake wi

7、th his family.还有一则报道来自李晓和，当时他和他的家人正在湖边游玩。“a/an序数词”别紧张。如果你第一次失败了，你还可以再试一次。Dont be nervous. You can try a second time if you fail the first time.2.He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.他声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。to have done sth.警方似乎已经找到了他犯罪的新证据。The police seem to

8、 have found the new evidence of his crime.3.There have been reports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since the beginning of the last century, although no one has seen one close up.自上世纪初以来，一直就有关于天池怪物的报道，尽管还不曾有人近距离地目睹过。 there be句型的现在完成时自从上个月以来有一些令人鼓舞的迹象。There have been some encouraging signs since last mon

9、th. attack v. 攻击，进攻 n袭击，侵袭，攻击，(疾病等的)侵害，损害(教材51)It often gets angry and will attack anyone who goes close to it.它常变得很生气并会攻击靠近它的人。(1)attack sb.with sth.用某物攻击某人be attacked with . 患(病)，得(病)(2)make an attack on/upon 攻击，向进攻be/come under attack 遭到的攻击/抨击a heart attack 心脏病突发The general commanded that the sol

10、diers (should) make an attack on/upon the enemy.将军命令士兵对敌人发起进攻。The company came under attack for the firing of 50 employees.这家公司因解雇50名员工而遭到抨击。The baby is in a poor health，and it is often attacked with a disease.婴儿的身体状况很差，经常患病。 frightening adj.吓人的(教材P51)The Grey Man is a frightening creature that live

11、s in Scotland.灰人是生活在苏格兰的一种吓人的生物。(1)frightened adj. 害怕的；受到惊吓的be frightened to do sth. 害怕做某事be frightened of/at 害怕(2)frighten v. 使害怕；使惊恐frighten sb. into/out of doing sth. 吓得某人做/不做某事frighten away/off吓走/跑(3)fright n. 恐惧；害怕with fright 害怕地News of the robberies frightened many people into fitting new lock

12、s to their doors.发生抢劫的消息把许多人吓得装上了新门锁。He is frightened to go(go) out alone at night.他害怕晚上一个人出门。I frightened the bird away/off by moving suddenly. 我突然一动，把鸟吓跑了。 exist vi.存在；生存；生活(教材P51)Spirit is something that continues to exist after death.灵魂是人死后继续存在的东西。(1)exist in存在于(相当于 lie in)exist on 依靠生存，依靠生活(2)c

13、ome into existence 开始存在；产生；成立in existence 存在的；现存的；现有的The worker earned little money a month，so he had to exist on only fast noodles.这个工人一个月挣的钱很少，因此他不得不靠方便面度日。No one knows when such a custom first came into existence.没有人知道这种风俗是什么时候开始有的。Do you believe in the existence of ghosts? Perhaps they only exis

14、t in the minds of some people.你相信鬼魂的存在吗？或许它们只存在于一些人的想象中。名师点津exist是不及物动词，不用于被动语态，通常不用进行时。 calm adj.平静的；(人/言行)镇静的vt.使镇定/平静下来(教材P52)Mr Li Xiaohe said that he and his family were able to see the monster clearly because the weather was fine and the lake was calm.李晓和先生说他和家人都清楚地看见了怪物，因为当时天气好并且湖水平静。remain/k

15、eep/stay calm保持镇静calm down 平静下来，镇静下来In the event of an emergency，please remain calm and walk to the nearest exit.如果发生紧急事件，请保持镇静并走到最近的出口。The police found that it was difficult to calm down the angry crowd.警方发现很难使愤怒的人群平静下来。明辨异同calm，quiet，silent，stillcalm平静的；沉着的。 指风平浪静或人的情绪平静、镇静quiet宁静的；安静的。指没有声音、不吵闹或心

16、里没有烦恼silent寂静的；沉默的。指不说话或没有声音still静止的；不动的。指人或物体静止不动clam，quiet，silent，stillWhen facing danger，one should keep calm；when taken photos，one should keep still；when someone else is asleep，one should keep quiet；when in class，one shouldnt keep silent about the teachers questions. unlikely adj.不可能的(教材P52)They

17、 say that the lowtemperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.他们说，水温这样低的湖泊不可能生存有体形如此巨大的动物。be unlikely to do.不可能做It is unlikely that. 不可能He is unlikely to find the place where he lived forty years ago.他不可能找到四十年前住的地方了。You are unlikely to pass(pass) the exam，because yo

18、u didnt work hard.你不可能通过考试，因为你不努力。It is unlikely that she will make the same mistake again.她不可能再犯同样的错误。 cover vt.占地(多大面积)；行走(多长的路)；覆盖；包含；报道；足以支付(教材P52)It is 2，189 metres high and covers an area of about ten square kilometres.它海拔2 189米，占地约10平方公里。写出下列句中cover的含义：Our new school built last year covers an

19、 area of about 4，000 square meters. 占地(多大面积)We are instructed to cover 30 miles in one day in the camp. 行走(多长的路)The wind blew in from the desert and covered everything with sand. 覆盖Lots of reporters were sent to cover the Olympic events. 报道Do you have enough to cover all your daily expenses？足以支付The

20、book covers many events that cannot be found in other history books. 包含cover an area of 占地面积是be covered with/by 被所覆盖When I woke up, I found the ground covered(cover) with heavy snow. 当我醒来时，发现地上覆盖了厚厚的积雪。 (教材P52)He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.他声称看见一个黑黑的、

21、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。【要点提炼】本句中的to have seen是不定式的完成式，表示该不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前。(1)不定式的完成式表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前。(2)不定式的一般式表示不定式的动作与谓语动作同时或者几乎同时发生，或者在它之后发生。(3)不定式的进行式表示不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生。The engine just wont start.Something seems to have gone wrong with it.引擎怎么也发动不起来，似乎出现了什么问题。I plan to attend (attend) the meeting tomorrow.我计

22、划要参加明天的会议。He pretended to be reading (read) a book when I went in.我进去时他假装正在读书。 (教材P52)There have been reports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since the beginning of the last century，although no one has seen one close up.自上世纪初以来，一直就有关于天池怪物的报道，尽管还不曾有人近距离地目睹过。【要点提炼】there be句型的现在完成时，强调过去状态对现在造成的影响。there be句

23、型可以根据语境需要运用不同的时态。There is someone at the door to see you.(一般现在时)门口有人找你。There is going to/will be a meeting this evening.(一般将来时)今晚有个会议。There was a hospital here three years ago，wasnt there？(一般过去时)这儿三年前有一家医院，是吗？There had been many such accidents before you came.(过去完成时)你来之前就有过很多起这样的事故了。名师点津there be结构中除

24、了可以用be外，还可用seem，appear，live，stand，come，exist，rise，lie等不及物动词。Once upon a time，there lived an old fisherman near the sea.很久以前，在海边住着一位老渔夫。1(教材P52)The director of a local tourist office，Meng Fanying，said the monster，which seemed to be black in colour，was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the m

25、ost recent sighting.【分析】本句是主从复合句。主句的主语是The director of a local tourist office，Meng Fanying是主语的同位语，谓语动词said，其后是宾语从句。从句的主语是the monster，由which引导的定语从句修饰。从句谓语部分是was ten metres from the edge of the lake，during the most recent sighting是时间状语。【翻译】据当地的旅游办公室主任孟凡迎说，最近有人看见怪物就在离湖边十米的地方，它的颜色似乎是黑色的。2(教材P52)Although

26、 no one really got a clear look at the mysterious creature，Xue Junlin，a local photographer，claimed that its head looked like a horse.【分析】本句是主从复合句。Although引导让步状语从句，主句的主语是Xue Junlin，a local photographer是主语的同位语。claimed 是主句谓语动词，that 引导的从句作claimed的宾语。【翻译】尽管没有人看清楚过这个怪物，但当地的一位摄影师薛俊林声称它的头看起来像马头。.单句语法填空1It w

27、as said that this was the only copy of the book in existence (exist)2It was a very frightening(frighten) experience and they were very courageous.3Before you start，it seems that the task is unlikely (likely) to be accomplished.4Many people made an attack on/upon the governments policies.5He pretende

28、d to be sleeping (sleep) when I came in.6“The match between the two teams was exciting，” said Federer，“and we hope to see a second.”7It was difficult to calm down the football fans.8In the past few years there have been (be) great changes in my hometown.9The mountain is covered(cover) with snow all

29、the year round.10There are many mysterious(mystery) stories about the Egyptian pyramids.单句改错1Trade connections were existed between the two countries before the war.去掉were2The animal will defend itself when attacking by making a strange noise. attackingattacked3First impressions are the most lasting

30、.After all，you never get the second chance to make the first impression.第二个thea4There used to have a temple on the hill.have be5At last the tourists managed to escape from the dangerous place, hungry and frightening. frighteningfrightened.完成句子1泰山占地426平方千米，是五岳之首。Mount Tai, which covers an area of 426

31、 square kilometers, is the first of Chinas Five Mountains.2他们未必会来，因为天气这么糟糕。They are unlikely to come since the weather is so bad.3为了能出去玩，他假装已经完成了作业。He pretended to have finished his homework in order to go out to play.4为了找到一份更好的工作，他决定再学习一门外语。In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second language5政府由于在反恐方面没有做出足够的努力而受到攻击。The government has come under attack for not doing enough to deal with terrorism.