2019-2020同步外研英语选修七新突破讲义：Module 2 Section Ⅲ　Grammar——表语从句和主语从句 .doc

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1、Section Grammar表语从句和主语从句语 境 自 主 领 悟先观察原句后自主感悟But the big surprise of the evening was when I was elected prom queen！My feeling is (that) theyre going to be big one day.Its a good thing that the exams are finished.Its wellknown that Americans are competitive.1.句和句中的黑体部分均为表语从句。2.句和句中的黑体部分均为主语从句，而句首的it用

2、作形式主语。一、表语从句1表语从句的连接词引导词用法从属连词that，whether在从句中不作成分，that没有实际意义，不可省略；whether意为“是否”because说明主语所表示的事件发生的原因，意为“因为”as if/though从句表示的情况发生的可能性较小时常用虚拟语气连接代词who(ever)，whom(ever)，whose，what(ever)，which(ever)等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等连接副词when，where，why，how等在从句中作状语，表示时间、地点、原因、方式等The trouble is that I have lost his addre

3、ss.麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。The point at issue is whether we go to the party.争论点是我们是否去参加聚会。He has heart disease.That is because he has been smoking too much.他有心脏病。那是因为他抽烟太多。He looked as if he had seen a ghost.他好像见了鬼似的(很惊慌的样子)。All I know is what I read in the papers.我所知道的一切，都是从报纸上看来的。The last time we had great fu

4、n was when we were visiting the Water Park.我们最后一次痛快地游玩是我们参观水上公园的时候。即时演练1用适当的连接词填空The problem is whether we can find them there.This is what I should have done first of all.This is where I dont agree with you.2注意事项(1)that与what的区别that引导表语从句时，是连词，在从句中不作成分；what是连接代词，引导表语从句时，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。That was wha

5、t she did this morning on her way to school.那就是她今天早晨在去学校的路上做过的事。(2)because与why的区别because引导表语从句时，表示“因为”，why引导表语从句时，表示“的原因”，相当于the reason why。 He got up late this morning.This is why he came late.今天早晨他起晚了。这就是他来晚的原因。He was late today.This is because he got up late.他今天来晚了。这是因为他起晚了。(3)虚拟语气用于表语从句如果主句的主语是i

6、dea，advice，suggestion，order，request，requirement等名词时，表语从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气，即(should)动词原形。My suggestion is that we(should) go and help him without delay.我的建议是我们应该立即去帮助他。即时演练2单句改错 “Every time you eat a sweet，drink green tea.” This is that my mother used to tell me.thatwhatShe often comes late.Thats why she ha

7、s a baby to take care of.whybecauseThe doctors advice is that we must take more exercise.mustshould或去掉must二、主语从句1引导词引导词用法从属连词that，whether，if在从句中不作成分，that没有实际意义，whether和if意为“是否”连接代词who(ever)，whom(ever)，whose，what(ever)，which(ever)等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等连接副词when，where，why，how等在从句中作状语，表示时间、地点、原因、方式等(1)连词tha

8、t和whether，在从句中不作任何句子成分，只起连接从句的作用。It is often the case that anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.通常情况下，对于那些心存希望的人，一切皆有可能。(2)连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever等；连接副词where，when，how，why等。What she did is not yet known.她干了什么尚不清楚。How this happened is not clear to anyone.

9、这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。Whoever comes is welcome.不论谁来都欢迎。Wherever you are is my homemy only home.你所在的任何地方都是我的家我唯一的家。即时演练3用适当的连接词填空What will happen to the world is difficult to predict.Whether we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.Who will take the place of our original headmaster hasnt been decid

10、ed yet.Why he gave up the chance of studying abroad is unknown.Where we will have the picnic next week is being discussed.2注意事项(1)常用形式主语it的结构若主语从句较长，而主句谓语部分又相对较短时，常用it作形式主语，同时将主语从句后置。It is a fact(a good idea/a pity/a shame/no wonder.)that从句。It is a pity that you missed the film.你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了。It is

11、necessary(clear/true/strange/important/wonderful.)that从句。从句多用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“(should)动词原形”。It is necessary that you (should)master English.你有必要掌握英语。It is reported(well known/hoped/thought/expected/said/believed/decided/suggested/ordered.)that从句。It is said that he was killed in the earthquake.据说他在地震中丧生了。

12、It seems(happens/appears/doesnt matter/makes no difference.)that从句。It seems that they will win the game.看起来他们将会赢得这场比赛。即时演练4句型转换That he should know about it is important.It is important that he should know about it.That he has gone to Shanghai is said.It is said that he has gone to Shanghai.(2)whatev

13、er和whoeverwhatever和whoever可以引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。此外，它们还可以引导让步状语从句。Keep calm，whatever happens.不管发生什么事都要保持镇静。Your support is important to our work.Whatever you can do helps.你的支持对我们的工作很重要。你能做的任何事都会有所帮助。即时演练5判断下列从句的类型Whoever breaks the law should be punished.主语从句Whoever breaks the law，he should be pun

14、ished.让步状语从句Whatever may happen，you must keep calm.让步状语从句3主语从句中的虚拟语气(1)在“Itbe形容词that从句”句型中，如果形容词为necessary，important，strange，natural等时，从句谓语动词常用“(should)动词原形”。It is necessary and important that one(should)master the skill of operating computers so as to meet the need of a job.为了满足工作上的需要，掌握电脑操作技巧是很有必要

15、并且是很重要的。(2)在“Itbe过去分词that从句”句型中，如果过去分词为suggested，advised，ordered，requested，required等时，that从句谓语动词使用“(should)动词原形”。 It is suggested that the sports meeting(should)be put off.有人建议推迟举行运动会。(3)主语为从句时的主谓一致主语为从句时，谓语动词一般要用单数形式，但如果what引导的从句作主语，代表复数概念(常可从表语上看出)时，谓语动词常用复数形式。What I need are two pens.我所需要的是两支钢笔。即

16、时演练6单句改错It is suggested that the work must be done in a day.去掉must或mustshouldIt is strange that he treats the man in a friendly way.treats(should)treatWhat I want to buy is several books.isare.用适当的连接词填空1That my brother won the match made my parents surprised.2My suggestion is that we (should) read E

17、nglish newspapers to improve our English.3The key is where we will go for our holiday.4The doctors advice is that you should give up smoking.5The question is who will come to help us.6He had a bad cold.That is why he didnt come to the meeting.7Whether well have a party or not next week hasnt been de

18、cided.8This is what we have learned from this lesson.9How he got the important information from the company was a mystery.10It happened that she was out when we called.单句改错(每句仅有1处错误)1It is by no means clear how the president can do to end the strike.howwhat2It doesnt matter which you pay by cash or

19、credit card in this store.whichwhether3It suddenly occurred to him what he had left his keys in the office.whatthat4Id like to start my own businessthats when Id do if I had the money.whenwhat5The parents try to do everything for their son.Thats how they are mistaken.howwhere6She was ill.Thats becau

20、se she didnt come today.becausewhy7That is known to us how he became a writer.ThatIt8Now Id like to tell you that took place in my school last Thursday.thatwhat9Secondly，we should show our respect for our parents and do which we can to help them.whichwhat10The only problem is that because Im not very good at small talk with people I dont know.去掉because