2019-2020同步译林英语必修四新突破讲义：Unit 3 Section Ⅱ　Language points（Ⅰ）（Welcome to the unit & Reading） .doc

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1、Section Language points()(Welcome to the unit & Reading).单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词。1My grandparents have become tired of urban (城市的)life.2At last they were able to feel secure(有把握的)about the future.3We should care more about the disabled (有残疾的) and give them as much help as we can.4The famous director w

2、as working in the studio (工作室)when it began to rain.5Can you telephone me at your convenience(方便) to arrange a meeting?6Only by working hard and never giving up can we make our dream a reality7I was asked to give a short presentation on the aims of the plan. 8Greatly disappointed at the result，he we

3、nt away.9Jack，Badly injured in the accident，finally learnt to live with his disability.10Im confident that you will get the job.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示写出下列单词。1present v展现，展示presentation n展示，介绍；颁发；提交，出示2real adj.真实的really adv.事实上，真实地reality n现实，事实3happy adj.快乐的happily adv.快乐地happiness n幸福，快乐4disappoint vt.使失望

4、disappointing adj.令人失望的disappointment n失望disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的5disable v使丧失能力disabled adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的disability n无能n.aladj.n.freeadj.original adj.原始的，最初的personal adj.个人的additional adj.额外的，附加的powerfree adj.不用电的powderfree adj.不用洗衣粉的dutyfree adj.免税的.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语。1connect with和有联系2add to 增加；增添3give

5、out 发出(气味、热、光等)4put forward 提出，提议5in reality 在现实中，实际上6carry out 执行，实施；履行7in the long term 长期8compared with/to 和相比较9for fun 为了好玩10as to 至于，关于.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空。1I enjoy swimming.But as to my brother，he enjoys playing football.2The heavy rain added to the difficulty in saving the buried people.3Compar

6、ed with his handwriting，my handwriting is much worse.4She put forward a good plan which shocked all the people present.5My grandpa finally carried out his promise to give up eprep.动词短语v.to(介)动词短语come across偶遇；被理解come about发生come from来自，起源于add to增加，增添lead to导致，产生，通向turn to转向，求助于背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.Not o

7、nly will he or she feel every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma，but the user will also experience the cold，smells，sights and sounds of the surrounding environment.使用者不仅能感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的每一步的艰辛，还能体验到周围环境的寒冷、气味、景观和声音not only位于句首的倒装句Not only was the poor drunken driver fined，but also he would be in prison al

8、l his life.这个可怜的醉酒司机不仅被罚款，而且还要坐一辈子牢。2.he or she will enjoy a feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement upon reaching the top.到达顶峰时，他们将会享受到一种愉悦感和成就感。upon/on(doing)sth.“一就”，该结构在句中作时间状语。Upon/On arriving home，I at once helped my parents with the farm work.一到家，我立刻帮助父母干农活。3.RealCine works by making

9、the users feel that they are really in a new world.RealCine的工作原理是让使用者觉得自己身处真实的新世界中“make宾语宾补”结构Our English teacher make us feel that she is our close friend.我们的英语老师使我们感觉到她是我们亲密的朋友。4.In scientific studies it has been shown that VR can be a good treatment for people who have social problems.科学研究表明，虚拟现实

10、可以为有社交障碍的人提供一种好的治疗。“Itbe过去分词that.”句型It is often said that if you want to understand a culture，you should listen to their folk tales.常听人说，假如你想了解某个文化，就应该聆听他们的民间故事。 reality n现实，事实(教材P42)Virtual reality could be used in many aspects of our life.虚拟现实可以应用于我们生活的很多方面。(1)in reality事实上，实际上(2)real adj. 真实的，真正的

11、really adv. 真正地，事实上，的确realistic adj. 现实的；实际的；逼真的realize vt. 实现；意识到I tried my best to bring him back to reality.我尽了最大努力让他面对现实。In reality，violent crimes are still extremely rare.实际上，暴力犯罪还是极罕见的。Marty has been working really(reality)hard on his book and he thinks hell have finished it by Friday.马蒂的确一直在努

12、力写书，他认为周五就能完成。 add to使增强，使增加，使扩大(教材P42)To add to the virtual world of RealCine，the headsets even have small openings that give out smells to match the environment.给RealCine虚拟世界锦上添花的是，耳机上甚至还有一些小孔，可以释放出与环境相匹配的气味。add to使增强，使增加，使扩大add up 把加起来add.to. 把添加到add up to 总计为，合计达Add up your scores and see how ma

13、ny points you get.累加你的分数，看你能得多少分。Shall I add your name to the list?我可以把你的名字写进名单吗？Three and six add(s) up to nine.三加六等于九。图形助记“增加”知多少语境助记The president said it was not easy to manage a company，adding that the financial crisis added to the difficulties.However，the dormitory for the workers must be added

14、 to and they would add a toilet to each room.The week before，he added up all the expenses and the total added up to more than 100，000 yuan.董事长说经营一个公司不容易，再加上金融危机增加了困难。然而，工人的宿舍必须扩建而且每个房间要加个厕所。这周前，他合计了一下花费，总额达到10万元之多。 confident adj.自信的；肯定的，有把握的(教材P43)This encouraged him to become more confident around

15、others.这鼓励他在周围人面前变得更加自信。(1)be/feel confident about.对自信/有信心be confident of 对有把握be confident that. 对有把握(2)confidence n. 自信心，自信have/lack confidence in. 对有/缺乏信心with confidence 充满信心地Im quite confident that I can help you learn Mandarin.我很有信心能帮你学习普通话。Tom was confident of/about his ability to get a good jo

16、b for himself.汤姆自信有能力为自己找到一份好工作。Our goal is to prepare students to go into the business world with confidence.我们的目标是帮助学生做好准备，满怀信心地进入商界。 (教材P43)An argument has been put forward that some users will be disappointed by RealCine because VR is not real.有争论提出说有些使用者对RealCine感到失望，因为虚拟现实毕竟不是真实的。(1)put forwar

17、d提出(建议、计划等)，提议；推荐，提名；把向前拨；把提前写出下列句子中put forward的意思Most people present at the meeting dont support the plan put forward by the committee.提出My watch was slow，so I put it forward by three minutes.拨快Ill put you forward as a candidate.推荐put away收拾起来，放好put aside 储蓄put down 放下；记下；平息(叛乱等)put off 推迟put on 穿上

18、；上演put out 伸出；扑灭；生产put up 挂起，张贴；举起，抬起；建造，搭起put sb./sth.through 给接通电话；把接到Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.今日事今日毕。Could you put me through to the manager please?请帮我找经理接一下电话好吗？The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.经理提了个建议我们应雇个助手。(2)disappointed adj.失望的，

19、沮丧的(1)be disappointed in/with sb.对某人感到失望be disappointed at sth. 对某事感到失望be disappointed that. 失望的是(2)disappoint vt. 使失望disappointing adj. 令人失望的 disappointment n. 失望to ones disappointment 令某人失望的是They were disappointed at the result of the game.他们对比赛结果极为失望。The next day，we got a disappointing message th

20、at another buyer had offered a much higher price.第二天，我们得到了一个让人失望的消息，另一个买主出了更高的价格。I was disappointed to hear(hear) that the game had been cancelled.听到取消这场比赛的消息我很失望。To our great disappointment(disappoint)，it rained on the day of the picnic.使我们大失所望的是，野餐那天下起雨来了。 convenience nU方便，便利；C便利的设施或用具(教材P43)In re

21、ality，he is disabled and can no longer walk，but he was able to see and touch a lion while still in the convenience of the VR studio.在现实中，他因为残疾已经不能走路，但是借助VR工作室里设备的便利，他能够看见并抚摸一头狮子。(1)convenience n方便，便利；便利的设施或工具at ones convenience 在某人方便的时候for ones convenience(of) 为了某人的方便(2)convenient adj. 便利的be conveni

22、ent for sb. 对某人方便It is convenient(for sb.) to do sth. 做某事(对某人来说)方便It was a great convenience to have the school so near.学校这么近真是太方便了。We have provided seats for the convenience of our customers.为方便顾客，我们备有座位。If you feel that I am suited for the job, please inform me of the time of an interview at your

23、convenience.如果你认为我适合这项工作，请在你方便的时候通知我面试时间。Will it be convenient for you to come(come)in the morning?你上午方便来吗？名师点津convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用物作主语或用it作形式主语。如“当你方便的时候”应翻译成when it is convenient for you，而不是when you are convenient。语境助记Its a great convenience for me to live here.At my convenience，I can visit

24、some of my favorite museums.Shopping is convenient for my wife.It is convenient for my son to go to school，for his school is only two blocks away.If Sunday is convenient for you，be sure to come to get together.住在这里对我来说真方便。我可以抽空去参观我所钟爱的几家博物馆；对我妻子来说购物很方便；儿子上学也很方便，因为学校只有两个街区的距离。要是你周日有空，一定要来聚一聚。 secure

25、adj.安全的；有把握的；稳固的，坚固的 vt.获得；使安全(教材P43)Besides this，VR can be used to practise skills in a secure environment that otherwise would be quite dangerous.除此之外，VR技术还可以应用于技能训练，使原本危险的训练环境变得安全。(1)feel/be secure about对感到放心be secure against/from 无之虑(2)secure.against. 使安全，保护免受(攻击、伤害或损失)(3)security n. 安全a sense o

26、f security 一种安全感She has secured a good job.她已经得到了一份好工作。The poor orphan doesnt feel secure about his future.这个可怜的孤儿对他的未来感到不安。Our house is secure from/against flood.我们的房子没有被淹的危险。Her boyfriend couldnt provide her with a sense of security(secure)她的男朋友无法给她安全感。 injure vt.伤害，损害(教材P43)For example，firefighte

27、rs could use RealCine to train safely，without the risk of getting injured in a burning building.比如，消防队员可以利用RealCine安全地进行训练，而不必冒着在燃烧的建筑物中受伤的危险。(1)injury n损害，伤害do sb.an injurydo an injury to sb. 使某人受伤害(2)injured adj. 受伤的the injured 受伤者，伤员.But now，because my left foot was injured，I cannot go with you a

28、s planned.但是现在因为我的左脚受伤了，所以我不能按计划和你一起去了。Many of the injured are still in a serious condition.许多伤员的状况仍然很严重。Be careful with that knife or youll do yourself an injury(injure)当心那把小刀，别把自己弄伤了。明辨异同injure，wound，hurt，harminjure多指意外事故造成的伤害，也可指对名誉、地位的损害。wound指人在战斗、攻击中受伤，身体上出现明显的伤口，多指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤。hurt多指精神上受到伤害，

29、也可指身体上的疼痛。harm指身体或精神上的损害或对周围事物的危害。意为“伤害，损害，有害于”。常用短语do harm to“对有害”。injure，wound，hurt，harmThe soldier was wounded in the arm in the war.This bright light will do great harm to your eyes.I injured my leg badly in the football match.I never meant to hurt your feelings.图形助记不同的“伤害” compared with.和相比(教材P

30、43)This kind of urban planning is in the long term cheaper and more practical，compared with the way most urban planning is done today.长远来说，与现在大多数城市规划方式相比，这种城市规划方式更经济、更实用。(1)compare.to.把比作compare.with. 把和比较compared with/to 和相比(2)beyond/without compare 无与伦比；无可比拟(3)comparision n. 比较；对照in comparision wi

31、th. 和相比较make a comparision with. 和相比较Living in a town cant compare with living in the country in many respects.在许多方面城市生活比不上乡村生活。Compared(compare) to our small flat，Bills house seemed like a palace.和我们的小公寓相比，比尔的房子就像是宫殿。It is difficult to make a comparision(compare)with her previous bookthey are compl

32、etely different.这很难与她以前的书相比两者是截然不同的。 disadvantage n缺点；不利因素，障碍(教材P45)However，the cost of building a VR studio is quite high，and this seems like a real disadvantage.然而，建一个VR工作室的费用相当高，这似乎是个真正的缺点。(1)at a disadvantage处于不利地位put sb.at a disadvantage 使某人处于不利地位(2)advantage n. 优势，优点，好处take advantage of 乘机利用；欺

33、骗(be)to ones advantage/disadvantage 对有利/不利have/gain/win an advantage over sb. 胜过某人The present situation puts us at a serious disadvantage.目前的形势使我们处于严重不利的地位。She took advantage of the childrens absence to tidy their rooms. 她趁孩子们不在时收拾了他们的房间。Women are usually at a disadvantage(advantage) when hunting fo

34、r jobs.找工作时，女性通常处于不利地位。What he said was to your advantage.他所说的话对你有利。 (教材P42)Not only will he or she feel every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma，but the user will also experience the cold，smells，sights and sounds of the surrounding environment.使用者不仅能感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的每一步的艰辛，还能体验到周围环境的寒冷、气味、景观和声音【要点提炼】本句是no

35、t only.but(also).连接的并列句。由于not only位于句首，故第一个分句使用了倒装语序。(1)not only.but also.意为“不但而且”，连接并列成分，所强调的重点是后者。(2)not only.but also.连接两个分句，并且not only置于句首时，含有not only的句子要用倒装语序，但but also后的句子仍用陈述语序。(3)not only.but also.连接两个主语时，谓语动词在人称和数上与邻近的主语保持一致。(2019全国卷)Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes，

36、but it is also responsible for those outcomes，too.讨人喜欢不仅与积极生活的结果有关，而且也是造成那些结果的原因。In communication，we should not only need politeness but also advocate sincerity.在交流中，我们不仅需要讲究礼貌，也应倡导真诚。Not only did he turn up late，but he also forgot his books.他不仅来晚了，而且忘记带书了。Not only his friends but also he likes(like

37、) playing football.他和他的朋友们都喜欢踢足球。名师点津not only不能分开使用；but also既可以连用，也可以分开，also也可以省略；but also可用but.as well代替。 (教材P42).he or she will enjoy a feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement upon reaching the top到达顶峰时，他们将会享受到一种愉悦感和成就感。【要点提炼】句中upon reaching the top属于“on/upon动名词”结构，该结构表示“一(就)”，通常在句中作时间状语，可

38、转换成as soon as，immediately等引导的时间状语从句。若构成动名词的动词有对应的名词，那么该结构可用“on/upon ones名词”替换。表示“一就”的句式还有：(1)immediately/directly从句(2)the moment/minute/second/instant从句(3)no sooner.than./hardly(scarcely).when.Upon hearing the news of the air attack most people headed for the border.一听到空袭的消息，大多数人便前往边境。Hardly had I g

39、ot home when I fell ill.我一到家就病倒了。No sooner had I arrived at school than it began to rain.我刚到学校就下起了雨。名师点津当hardly，no sooner位于句首时，它们所在的句子要使用部分倒装。 (教材P42)In scientific studies it has been shown that VR can be a good treatment for people who have social problems.科学研究表明，虚拟现实可以为有社交障碍的人提供一种好的治疗。【要点提炼】It has

40、 been shown that.是“Itbe过去分词that.”句型。(1)此句型中的it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语(2)句中的过去分词常用said，thought，reported，believed，hoped，suggested等(3)该句型大多可转换为“sb./sth.be过去分词to do”(hoped和suggested除外)It is hoped that the number of deer will increase soon.人们希望鹿的数量会很快增加。Lydia is believed never to tell (tell)lies.我们相信莉迪娅绝不说谎。H

41、e is said to be studying(study)abroad.据说他正在国外学习。The three foreigners are thought to have travelled(travel)a lot.人们认为这三名外国游客去过很多地方。名师点津在“sb./sth.be过去分词to do”结构中，不定式可根据语境用进行式(不定式动作正在进行)或完成式(不定式动作发生在谓语动作之前)。1(教材P42)The RealCine experience will amaze you，and you will agree that this is an extraordinary

42、technology that deserves to be developed further.【分析】句中and连接两个并列分句。第一个that引导的从句作动词agree的宾语；第二个that引导定语从句修饰technology。【翻译】RealCine的经历会使你惊讶，你将会认同：这是一项非凡的技术，值得对其进行进一步开发利用。2(教材P42)RealCine works by making the users feel that they are really in a new worlda world that does not exist except in a computer

43、program.【分析】句中第一个that引导动词feel的宾语从句；第二个that引导定语从句修饰world。 【翻译】RealCine的工作原理是让使用者觉得自己身处真实的新世界中一个只在电脑程序中存在的世界。.单句语法填空1Please come to see me at your convenience.2He put his clock forward yesterday evening.3I made a promise to myself that this year, my first year in high school, would be different.4The t

44、eacher soon realized why the mother was so disappointed (disappoint) about the grade.5He was confident of succeeding(succeed)6Evidence has been found through years of study that childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.7We were amazed (amaze) at his rapid recovery.8

45、I met a disabled (disable) child in a wheelchair in a shop yesterday.9Compared(compare) to other girls, you are lucky.10Henry always seems so selfconfident, but in reality (real) hes extremely shy.单句改错1On the guests arrive at the school gate，we gave them a warm welcome.arrivearriving/arrival2The horse covered the distance in six days comparing with the trains 28 paringcompared3The engine went out of order and the bad weather added up to the helplessness of the driver.去掉up4The picture hanging on the fron