2019-2020同步译林英语选修十新突破讲义：Unit 3 Section Ⅳ　Task & Project .doc

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1、Section Task & Project.从三个选项中选择最佳答案1Which is not the reason why people take drugs according to the passage？Because Athey are curious about the drugsBthey want to rebel against their families or society by taking drugsCthey want to be accepted by all their friends2What is the common feature of the th

2、ree main classes of drugs?AThey can make people in high spirits.BThey are all addictive，physically and psychologically.CThey can decrease the heart rate.3Which of the following statements is true?AIt is said that people take drugs for the same reason.BDowners can increase the heart rate.CDrug users

3、need support groups.【答案】1.C2.B3.C.判断正(T)误(F)1Mrs Tang felt better after she took a lot of pain pills when she had the flu.()2Mrs Tang felt better after she took some antibiotics her husband gave her at first.()3The doctor thinks antibiotics can cure ones flu.()【答案】1.F2.T3.F1leave.doing让继续做(教材P42)Do

4、not leave any medicine lying around in the house so that children can get it.不要把药随处乱放，因为孩子们会拿到它。Dont leave tools lying about.工具不要到处乱放。Ill just leave the engine running when I go to have lunch.我去吃午饭时，会让引擎转着。leave 的复合结构的形式有：leaven./pron.Please leave the door open.请让门开着。She left her baby crying all the

5、 time.她让孩子一直哭个不停。完成句子我不能让这样一件重要的事半途而废。I cant leave such an important matter 不要让他一直在外面雨里等。Dont outside in the rain.什么事使他离开了这么长时间？What has for so long?【答案】undone/unfinishedleave him waitingleft him away2promote v. 促进，提倡；(通过广告等)促销，推销；提升，提拔(教材P43)Several months later，Mrs Tang was promoted at work.几个月后，M

6、rs Tang在工作上得到提拔。Our nation is trying to attract more foreign investment to promote our national economy.我国正在努力吸引更多外资来发展国民经济。They are going on tour to promote their new album.他们将巡回宣传他们的新专辑。(1)promote sb.from.to. 把某人从某职位提升至某职位promote growth/understanding 促进增长/理解(2)promotion n. 提升，提拔，晋升，促销Her promotion

7、 to Sales Manager took everyone by surprise.竟然提拔她当销售经理，叫每个人都感到意外。The new job is a promotion for him.这一新工作对他是一种提升。完成句子小学生只要考试及格就会升到高年级。Pupils who pass the test will the next higher grade.他从售货员晋升为销售经理。He is promoted 【答案】be promoted tofrom salesman to Sales Manager3(教材P43)He scolded Mrs Tang and warned

8、 her and her husband of the dangers of taking antibiotics when it was not necessary.他责备唐夫人而且告诫她和她的丈夫在没必要服用抗生素时而服用了抗生素的危险。(1)scold vt.责备；责骂If I walk in with muddy boots，dad always scolds me.我的靴子上要是有泥，一进屋爸爸总会骂我。Did you scold her for breaking it?她把那件东西打破了，你骂她了吗？(1)scold sb.for因而责备某人blame sb.for sth. 因而

9、责备某人punish sb.for sth. 因而惩罚某人excuse sb.for sth. 宽恕(原谅)某人criticize sb.for sth. 因而批评某人(2)scolding n. 责备；数落I got a scolding from my mother.我挨了我妈妈一阵数落。明辨异同scold/blamescold指很生气地责骂，强调“骂”。blame指归咎，归罪，侧重强调将(不好的)结果或责任归于某人。完成句子他嫌他们迟到，训了他们一通。He arriving late.她没把父亲的死归罪于任何一个人。She doesnt her fathers death.【答案】sco

10、lded them for blame anyone for(2)warn vt.警告；告诫The teacher warned that student against making any noise/not to make any noise.老师警告那个学生不要发出吵闹声。(1)warn sb.of/about sth.警告某人某事(2)warn sb.against doing sth./warn sb.not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事(3)warnthat从句 意为“警告”Workers warn people of fire danger.工人们警告人们火险。Th

11、ey warned him against swimming in that part of the river.他们告诫他，不要在那一带河里游泳。She was warned that if she did it again she would lose the job.她被警告如果她再这样做就会丢掉工作。完成句子到非洲去旅行的人被提醒要注意预防艾滋病的感染。Travellers to Africa the danger of HIV infection.我告诫你不要一个人走回家。I walk home alone.【答案】are warned about/ofwarned you not

12、to/that you shouldnt4addict vt.使沉迷；使上瘾n.吸毒上瘾的人；对着迷的人(教材P46)As smokers may tell you，people can become easily addicted to nicotine.正如许多吸烟者可能告诉你的那样，人们容易对尼古丁上瘾Tom is a video game addict.汤姆是个游戏机迷。(1)be addicted to doing sth.专心做某事addict oneself to sth. 沉溺于某事物(2)addicted adj. 上瘾的；有瘾的；成瘾的be/become/get addic

13、ted to sth. 对上瘾；沉溺于某事物(3)addictive adj. 使上瘾的；使人入迷的(4)addiction n. 瘾；嗜好；入迷Many students are addicted to computer games.许多学生迷恋于计算机游戏。Dont addict yourself to such foolish things.不要沉溺于这些愚蠢的事情。Heroin is highly addictive.海洛因很容易使人上瘾。用addicted的相关词语完成下列小片段While his wife was in hospital in the United States,

14、he totally alcohol, and his son computer games. computer games，his son has lost interest in his lessons，which makes his wife very angry.他妻子在美国住院期间，他对酒完全上了瘾，而且他的儿子迷上了电脑游戏。由于迷恋于电脑游戏，他的儿子对功课失去了兴趣，这使他的妻子非常生气。【答案】got; addicted toaddicted himself toAddicted to5(教材P46)As smokers may tell you，people can bec

15、ome easily addicted to nicotine，which is why they have trouble quitting smoking.正如许多吸烟者可能告诉你的那样，人们容易对尼古丁上瘾，这就是他们很难戒烟的原因。【要点提炼】本句是一个复杂的主从复合句。as 引导的是非限制性定语从句，指代主句people can become easily addicted to nicotine表达的整个内容，as 为关系代词在从句中充当tell 的宾语，as 不可换成which；后面which引导的也是非限制性定语从句，指代主句people can become easily a

16、ddicted to nicotine表达的整个内容，which为关系代词在从句中充当主语，which此时不可换成as; 在which从句中，why引导的是表语从句，why 为副词，在从句中充当原因状语。As everyone knows，the earth is round.正如人人都知道的，地球是圆的。As is known to everyone，he is an honest man.人人都知道，他是个诚实的人。(1)as 引导非限制性定语从句时，as用来说明整个主句，含义是：“正如；像”，也可以相当于which，含义是：“这一点”，从句可放在句首、句中或句末。as可作主语、宾语和表语

17、。which引导非限制性定语从句时也可代表整个主句，含义是：“这一点”，从句只能放在主句之后，起补充说明作用。(2)as作为关系代词，可引导限制性定语从句，as 在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语。as 引导限制性定语从句时，先行词常被such，the same，as，so所修饰或先行词本身就是such，the same。She got married to the foreigner，which/as was natural.她嫁给了那个外国人，这好像是最自然不过的事。As is often the case，the boy was late for school.和平常一样，这个男孩子又迟到了。

18、Dont read such books as you cant understand.(as作宾语)不要阅读这种你根本就看不懂的书。She is not such a selfish person as thinks of herself.(as作主语)她并不是像自己认为的那样自私。Her opinion is the same as her brothers.(as作表语)她的观点和她哥哥的一样。完成句子这本小说很容易，你能读得懂。This is such an easy novel . 众所周知，月球每个月绕地球转一周。 ， the moon travels round the eart

19、h once every month. 【答案】as you can readAs is known to everybody6(教材P46)Alcohol is also classified as a downer，and although it is legal，it can damage the liver and do great harm if consumed in large quantities酒精也被归类为镇静剂，尽管它是合法的，但它会损害肝脏，如果大量饮用会产生巨大的危害。(1)classify sb./sth.as.划分；界定Would you classify it

20、as a hard drug or a soft drug?你会把它界定为致瘾毒品还是非致瘾毒品？Patients are classified into three categories.病人被归类为三种类型。完成句子你认为她的小说属于纯文学类，还是其他类？Would you serious literature or other?博物馆的收藏品分为六个部分。The collections of the museum 6 sections.【答案】classify her novels asare classified into(2)do harm(to sb./sth.)对有害处Moder

21、n farming methods have done considerable harm to the countryside.现代耕作方式对乡村造成了很大的损害。(1)come to harm 遭到不幸，受害do more harm than good 弊大于利(2)harmful adj. 有害的be harmful to sb./sth. 对有害Fruit juices can be harmful to childrens teeth.果汁可能损坏儿童的牙齿。完成句子如果使用不当，核能会对人的健康和安全造成危害。Nuclear power will our health and sa

22、fety if improperly used.过量喝酒对你的身体有害。It your health to drink too much.【答案】do harm tois harmful to(3)in large quantities(in large numbers)大量地This kind of products is produced in large quantities.这种产品被大批量生产。a large quantity of表示“大量的”，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，接可数名词复数时，谓语动词用复数，接不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数；large quantities of表示

23、“很多”，后面无论接可数或不可数名词，谓语动词都用复数。A large quantity of bananas were eaten by elephants.大量的香蕉都被大象吃掉了。A large quantity of water is polluted.Large quantities of water are polluted.大量的水被污染了。用所给词的适当形式填空A large quantity of tools (be) sold in the market yesterday.Large quantities of rain (be) needed in this area.

24、【答案】wereare7(教材P47)An example of this type of drugs is LSD，which produces reactions ranging from increased heart rate to acute anxiety.这种毒品的一个例子就是迷幻药，它会使心跳加速到急剧焦虑等一系列反应。(1)reaction n反应；回应What was his reaction to the news?他对这消息反应如何？There has been a mixed reaction to her appointment as director.对她被任命为

25、主管一事，人们的反应各不相同。(1)in reaction to对的反应reaction against 抗拒；对反抗(2)react v. 起反应(to)；有影响；起作用(on/upon)react to 对起反应；对(食物等)有不良反应react against sb./sth. 反抗、对抗某人/某事react with 与起化学反应How do you react to this modern artists paintings?你对这位现代艺术家的画有何评价？The government decided to react against the protesters.政府决心对抗那些示

26、威者。完成句子人们对某些食品添加剂会严重过敏。People can certain food additives.铁与水和空气起化学反应而生锈。Iron water and air to produce rust.【答案】react badly toreacts to(2)range from.to.范围从到Tiger sharks commonly range in length from nine to fourteen feet.虎鲨体长通常从9到14英尺不等。(1)range between.and.在和之间变化range宾语adv./prep. 排列；把排序(2)range n. 范

27、围v.排列；排序in/within range (of sth.) 在可及的范围内out of range (of sth.) 超出的范围；在范围之外She ranged the goods neatly in the shop window.她把橱窗的货物整齐地进行了排列。He shouted angrily at anyone within range.他看见谁，就对谁吼叫。The cat stayed well out of range of the children.这只猫离孩子们远远的。用range的相关词语完成下列小片段The supermarket keeps goods.The

28、ir prices just only a few yuan several hundred yuan.According to their varieties，the shop assistants them neatly on the shelves.这家超市有种类繁多的商品。它们的价格从几元到几百元不等。根据它们的种类，售货员们把它们整齐地排列在不同的货架上。【答案】a wide range ofrange from; torange8determine vt.决定；断定；测定(后接名词、to do或从句)(教材P47)The type and quantity of illegal d

29、rugs a person is carrying when caught by police determine the punishment.一个人被警察抓获时所携带的非法毒品的种类和数量决定了对他惩罚的轻重。Please determine the date of having a meeting.请决定开会的日期。(1)determine on/upon doing sth.决定做某事determine to do sth. 决定做某事determine sb.to do sth. 使某人下决心做某事determinethat. 决定(2)determined adj. 决意的；已决定

30、的be determined to do sth. 下决心做某事He is determined to travel in China.他决定在中国旅游。He has a determined look.他有着坚定的表情。名师点津determine to do sth.与be determined to do sth.意思基本一样，所不同的是，前者是短暂性的动作，不能与时间段连用；后者是延续性的状态，可与时间段连用。He determined to do it for a long time.()He was determined to do it for a long time.()完成句子

31、What (使你决定接受)the offer?The court (判决)the man was guilty of drunken driving.【答案】determined you to acceptdetermined that9(教材P47)The easiest way to avoid the health problems and hardships caused by illegal drugs is not to use them in the first place最简单的避免健康问题和戒毒痛苦的方式就是一开始就不要使用非法毒品。(1)way n方式；方法We had n

32、o way我们没法知道他在哪里。This is the way (in which/that) he did it.这就是他做事的方式。the wayin the way挡道；碍事；阻碍by the way 顺便说一声in this/that way 以这种/那种方式in no way 绝不on ones way to. 在去某地的路上明辨异同way/method/means/manner以上四个词均可表示“方式、方法”，主要区别在介词搭配上。way和manner均与in搭配，且二者常可互换，只是manner比way正式些。method意为“干某事的方法、方式”，侧重于理论或系统的方法，多与w

33、ith、of搭配，如：with this method。means单复数同形，指任何用来达到目的东西，可指系统地办事的方法或解决问题的思路。与by搭配，构成by.means短语。选词填空(way/method/means)New of production were employed a few years ago.Only in this can we shake off their evil influence.They succeeded by of hard working.【答案】methodswaymeans(2)in the first place究竟，到底，当初(用于句尾，谈论

34、某事为何或是否应该做)；首先，第一(用于句首，列举)I cant go abroad.In the first place，I have no money；in the second place，I will be homesick.我不会出国的。首先，我没钱；其次，我会思乡的。You shouldnt have promised her in the first place.你起初就不应该向她承诺。(1)表示“首先；第一”的词语：first，firstly，first of all，to begin with，at first，in the first place(2)表示列举不同事项的短语

35、：in the first place.，in the second place.；for one thing.，for another.；on the one hand.，on the other(hand).First of all，we should stay away from food containing a lot of fat.首先，我们应该远离那些含有大量脂肪的食物。This method has two advantages：first it is cheaper and second it is quicker.这个方法有两个优点：一是便宜，二是较快。完成句子在这个假期，

36、我不会去旅游。第一，我没有时间；第二，我没有兴趣。I wont go to travel this holiday. ，I have no time；in the second place，I have no interest.起初，她没理解老师说的话。 ，she didnt understand what the teacher said.【答案】In the first placeAt first倡议书的写法本单元的写作是有关倡议书的写法。写倡议书的目的是提倡开展某项有意义的活动或推行某种行之有效的做法。倡议书中所倡导进行的活动应具有广泛性和推广意义。倡议书通常包含以下内容：1Introd

37、uction发出倡议的根据、原因和目的State the problem and how serious the problem is.In brief，what solution do you propose?2Body所倡议的具体内容和要求What do you want to be done?How should it be done?What things or people are needed?When?How much will it cost?3Conclusion要表达倡议者的决心和希望BenefitsHow will the proposal help the person

38、 reading the letter?Calls for actionWhat do you want the reader to do?写倡议书时，尽量使用具有鼓动性和感召力的语言，如名人名言、格言、警句以及对偶、排比等句式，以提高语言的表达效果。假如今天是6月26日，国际戒毒日。请你以“珍爱生命，拒绝毒品”为主题，根据下面所给出的要点提示，用英语给全校学生写一封倡议书。1目前现状：我国吸毒人数有100多万，而且呈上升趋势，而青少年占大多数。2毒品危害：毒品成为社会公害。人一旦染上毒瘾，就很难戒掉。为此，有的人倾家荡产，有的人违法犯罪。3提出倡议：为了自己、家人和社会，珍爱生命，拒绝毒品，

39、为禁毒事业尽一份义务，共创美好生活。根据以上内容，写一篇100词左右的文章。要求：语言通畅，不要逐句翻译。Dear fellow students， 第1步思路分析透彻是前提本文是一篇关于抵制毒品的倡议书，可以从以下几个方面入手：首先说明节日的内容，然后交代吸毒的危害，最后发出对同学们的倡导。第2步词汇必用词汇是关键1.期望 2对上瘾 3戒掉 4财产 5犯罪 6远离 7为了的利益 8努力做 【答案】1.expect2.be addicted to3.get rid mit crime6.stay away from7for the benefit of8.spare no effort to

40、do第3步句式熟练翻译是根本1.这是一个全球应共同努力抵制毒品的日子。 all nations are expected to work together to fight against drug abuse.2据报道中国有100多万人吸毒，而且呈上升趋势。 one million people in China take illegal drugs and the number is still increasing.3人一旦染上毒瘾，就很难戒掉。 to drugs， for you to get rid of them.4我们也应该远离毒品，珍爱生命。We should also dru

41、gs and our own lives.【答案】1.It is a day when2.It is reported that over3Once addicted；its difficult4.stay away from；value第4步成文连句成篇是目的 【参考范文】Dear fellow students，Today is 26th June，the International Day against Drug Abuse .All nations are expected to work together to fight against drug abuse.It is reported that over one million people in China take illegal drugs and the number is sti