2019-2020同步外研英语选修九新突破讲义:Module 3 Section 1 Reading 【Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary(1)】 .doc
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1、The Great WallKnown to the Chinese as the “Long Wall of Ten Thousand Li”, the formidable defensive structures built to ward off invasion of the Celestial Empire by barbarians is called the Great Wall or the Wall of China by Europeans.The principle of these extraordinary fortifications goes back to t
2、he Chunqiu period (722481 BC) and to the Warring States period (453221 BC)The construction of certain walls can be explained by feudal conflicts, such as that built by the Wei in 408 BC to defend their kingdom against the Qin.Its vestiges(残留部分), conserved in the centre of China, antedate by(先于) many
3、 years the walls built by the Kingdoms of Qin, Zhao and Yan against the northern barbarians around 300 BC.Beginning in 220 BC, Qin Shihuang, the founder of the Empire of the Ten Thousand Generations, undertook to restore and link up the separate sections of the Great Wall which had been built in the
4、 3rd century BC, or perhaps even earlier, and which stretched from the region of the Ordos to Manchuria.Towards the west, he had extended the fortifications(防御工事;加强), the first cohesive defense system of which significant vestiges still remain in the valley of the Huanghe all the way to Lanzhou shor
5、tly before the accession of the Han Dynasty(206 BC)During their reign the Great Wall was extended even further, and under the emperor Wudi (14087 BC) it spanned approximately 6,000 km between Dunhuang in the west and the Bohai Sea in the east.The danger of incursion along the northern Chinese border
6、 by the federated Mongols, Turks and Tunguz of the Empire of the Xiongnu, the first empire of the steppes, made a defense policy more necessary than ever.After the downfall of the Han Dynasty (AD 220), the Great Wall entered its medieval phase.Construction and maintenance works were halted(停止);China
7、 at that time enjoyed such great military power that the need for a defense policy was no longer felt.1Why was the Great Wall built in ancient days?_2Which kingdom built the earliest wall? And when was it built?_3In which dynasty did the Great Wall reach its longest span?_【答案】1.To ward off invasion
8、of the Celestial Empire by barbarians.2The Wei in 408 BC.3The Han Dynasty.Section Reading Introduction & Reading and Vocabulary(1).词义搭配1archaeologyAa kind of heavy earth that becomes hard when it is dry2warrior Ba hole in the ground3clay Cstick, make fast, with glue4unify Dthe study of cultures of t
9、he past, and of periods of history by examining the remains of buildings5pit Ecarve, cut, or etch into a material or surface6glue Fa soldier or experienced fighter7inscribe Gmake (parts) into one (whole)【答案】1.D2.F3.A4.G5.B6.C7.E.用下列短语的适当形式填空describe.as.;think of;in order to;so as to;rob.of.;work on;
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