2019-2020同步译林英语选修七新突破讲义：Unit 1 Section Ⅱ　Language Points （Ⅰ） （Welcome to the unit & Reading） .doc

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1、Section Language Points ()(Welcome to the unit & Reading).单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1Do you know about the evolution (演变) of a seed into a plant?2One of the great drawbacks (缺点) of living near a main road is the noise.3Can you foresee (预见) what will happen in the future?4Exercise is one of the key compon

2、ents (组成成分) of a healthy lifestyle.5We should stick to the principle (原则) that everyone should be treated fairly.6Mary was rather sceptical about the solution，so she put forward some questions.7The information about the plane crash is accessible on the Internet.8There was such a long queue for coffe

3、e at the interval that we eventually gave up.9A large percentage of the hotels income is from the visitors to the lake nearby.10They constructed a shelter out of fallen branches at that time.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1evolve v逐渐演变，逐步发展evolution n演变，发展；进化2construct vt.制造；修筑，建造constructor n建造者，建造商constructi

4、on n建筑；建造；建造物3eventual adj.最后的；最终的eventually adv.最后，终于4store vt.贮存；贮藏；保存；存储 n贮存物；商店storage n存储，储藏(空间) 5access n入口，通道，利用/接近的权利或机会accessible adj.可使用的；可接触到的；可到达的；易理解的v. agen.n. ibleadj.marriage n结婚storage n贮存，保管postage n邮资flexible adj.可弯曲的horrible adj.令人恐惧的terrible adj.可怕的；糟糕的.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1in the las

5、t few decades在最近的几十年2keep in touch with 与保持联系3over time 逐渐地；慢慢地4contribute to 对做出贡献；有助于5make a breakthrough 取得重大突破6benefit from 受益于，从中受益7wind up 上发条8keep pace with 与齐头并进；与保持同步9rely on 依靠10have access to 有使用的权利(机会).选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1Wind up your watch every day.2Exercise contributes to improving your

6、 health.3Ordinary people cant keep pace with the development of technology.4Students must have access to good resources.5The success of this project actually relies on everyone making an effort.v. to动词短语v.on动词短语adapt to 适应amount to 总共达到；实际上是belong to 属于；附属agree on 同意，赞成call on 访问；号召；呼吁count on 依靠；期待

7、，指望 背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实1.Technology has seen some amazing developments in the last few decades.在最近的几十年，科技的发展令人惊叹。see“目睹，见证”，为拟人用法。The stadium has seen a lot of exciting matches so far. 到目前为止，在这个体育馆里举行过很多激动人心的比赛。2.Most early TV broadcasts were made using a system developed by John Logie Baird in the UK.大

8、部分早期的电视节目使用的是英国的约翰洛吉贝尔德开发的一种系统。过去分词短语作后置定语。The meeting held yesterday is important. 昨天开的会议很重要。3.John Logie Baird constructed the first colour TV in 1928，but it was not until 1938 that the first colour TV programme was broadcast.约翰洛吉贝尔德于1928年制造出第一台彩色电视机，但直到1938年第一个彩色电视节目才播出。its not until.that.为not un

9、til强调句式。It is not until you really lose something that you realize how important it means to you. 只有在你真正失去某些东西的时候，你才会感到它对你是多么的重要。4.They also make TV accessible to people who live far away from cities，and satellite dishes can often be seen distributed throughout the countryside and remote areas.它们也使远

10、离城市的人们可以收看电视，在农村和边远地区经常可以看到卫星天线。“make宾语宾补”结构。Her performance at the party made her very popular among the students. 她在晚会上的表演使她深受学生们的欢迎。 keep in touch with与保持联系(教材P1)With mobile phones，we can keep in touch with others wherever we are.用移动电话，无论我们在哪儿，都可以和别人保持联系。stay in touch (with.)(和)保持联系lose touch (wi

11、th.)(和)失去联系get in touch (with.)(和)取得联系be in touch (with.)(和)有联系be out of touch (with.)(和)失去联系I try to keep in touch with current events by reading newspapers.我通过读报来尽量了解时事。We havent been in touch with each other for a long time.我们彼此很久没有联系过了。Now that my mother has a telephone，its much easier to get in

12、 touch with her.由于我母亲有电话，所以与她取得联系容易多了。Ive lost touch with most of my friends from college.我与大学时的大多数朋友已经失去了联系。名师点津与“联系”相关的时间状语keep/be in touch with/be out of touch with 表状态，可和表示时间段的状语连用，而get in touch with/lose touch with表示动作，不能和表示时间段的状语连用。 contribute to对做出贡献；促成，有助于(教材P2)Many different people contribu

13、ted to the development of TV.许多不同的人为电视的发展做出了贡献。(1)contribute.to.向捐赠；向投稿(2)contribution n.贡献；捐款；捐助；投稿make contributions/a contribution to.对做出贡献Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness.诚实加苦干有助于成功和幸福。She continued to contribute articles to sports magazines.她继续向体育杂志投稿。Im sure your sugge

14、stions will make contributions (contribution) to solving the problem.我确信你的建议将有助于解决这个问题。名师点津contribute to和 make a contribution/contributions to中的 to都为介词，to 后要跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。图形助记向捐赠向投稿 delay vt.& vi.(使)推迟，延迟n.延误，延迟(教材P2)Regular colour TV broadcasts were delayed in the UK until 1967.在英国定期播放彩色电视节目一直拖延到19

15、67年。(1)delay sth.使延期；使耽搁delay doing sth.推迟做某事(2)without (any) delay毫不迟延地，立即There is no delay in doing sth.毫不迟疑地做某事Sharpening your axe will not delay your job of cutting wood.磨刀不误砍柴工。As the saying goes，time flies away without delay.正如谚语所说：时光飞逝不停留。I apologized to the teacher，because I delayed handing

16、(hand) in my homework.我因耽搁了上交我的作业而向老师道歉。There is no delay in dealing with the environmental problems.处理环境问题刻不容缓。 distribute vt.使分布，分散；分发，分配；分销(教材P2)They also make TV accessible to people who live far away from cities，and satellite dishes can often be seen distributed throughout the countryside and r

17、emote areas.它们也使远离城市的人们可以收看电视，在农村和边远地区经常可以看到卫星天线。(1)distribute.to.把分发给distribute.among.在中分配(2)distribution n.分配，分发That singers discs were distributed to the fans present.那位歌手的唱片被分发给了现场的歌迷。The Red Cross distributed food and tents to the earthquake victims.红十字会向地震灾民分发了食物和帐篷。The unfair distribution (di

18、stribute) of wealth is becoming less and less nowadays.如今社会财富分配不公平(的现象)越来越少。 benefit from 受益于，从中得到好处(教材P2)However，most people still benefit from satellite TV，as local TV companies broadcast the signals they get from satellite receivers to the population living nearby.然而，大多数人仍然受益于卫星电视，因为当地的电视公司把从卫星接收

19、器接收到的信号播送给附近的居民。(1)benefit vi.& vt.使受益；有利于benefit sb./sth.使某人/某物受益(2)benefit n.利益；好处be of benefit tobe beneficial to.对有益for the benefit of.为了的利益(3)beneficial adj.有用的；有好处的They are working together to benefit the whole community.他们在为整个社区的利益共同努力。For me，I think people can get lots of benefits from ridin

20、g bicycles.对我而言，我认为骑自行车有很多好处。Cycling is highly beneficial (benefit) to health and the environment.骑自行车对健康和环境大有益处。 wind up上发条；(指人)终于到达某处，安顿；使结束(讲话等)；把(尤指车窗)摇上(教材P3)The first record players had to be wound up by hand and only played records that were two minutes long.最早的留声机必须手摇上发条，而且只能播放两分钟长的唱片。wind s

21、th.into a ball把绕成一团wind ones way蜿蜒前进wind down(指钟表)慢下来后停住；使(业务、活动等)逐步结束，把(汽车窗玻璃等)摇下What time is it? I forgot to wind up my watch.几点了？我忘了给手表上发条了。From the sky，we can see that the Yellow River wind its(it) way down to the sea.我们从空中可以看到黄河蜿蜒向东流入大海。Would you mind winding down the window?请把窗户摇下来好吗？ foresee

22、vt.预料，预见，预知(教材P3)Who can foresee what the future will bring?谁能预料未来会给我们带来什么？(1)foreseen./从句预料到；预知(2)foreseeable adj.可预料的，可预见的unforeseeable adj.预料不到的，不可预见的He asked me who could have foreseen such problems.他问我谁能预见这样的问题。I foresee that things will work out much better.我可以预见一切事情将会进行顺利。There is a possibili

23、ty of severe water shortages in the foreseeable (foresee) future.在可预料的未来有可能出现严峻的水资源短缺。 (教材P5)It was not until 1906 that adaptations were made so that radio could relay conversation and music.直到1906年才对收音机进行了改造，此时收音机才能够播放谈话和音乐。(1)adaptation n适应；改编本，改写本(1)adapt vt.使适应；改写，改编adapt to.适应adapt.to.使适应/适合ada

24、pt oneself to.使自己适应/习惯于adapt.from.根据改写(改编)adapt.for.改编/改作之用(2)adaptable adj.能适应的，适应性强的Eventually，he adapted himself to the new circumstances.最终，他使自己适应了新的环境。The author is going to adapt his play for television.那个作者将把他的剧本改编成电视节目。Successful businesses are highly adaptable (adapt) to economic change.成功的

25、企业对于经济转变的适应能力很强。The film was adapted from a novel.这部电影是根据一部小说改编的。(2)relay vt.播放，转播；接转，转发 n接力赛；中继设备(1)relay sth.(to sb.)传达信息等(给某人)；(向)转播(2)relay race接力赛What I want to tell you is this: you have won the relay race.我想告诉你们的是：你们赢了接力赛。I will relay your opinion to the headmaster.我会把你的意见转达给校长的。图形助记249 238 1

26、96转播接力赛 sceptical adj.怀疑的(教材P5)Since people were sceptical that the public would want to hear radio broadcasts，the building of radio stations was delayed.由于人们对公众想听广播表示怀疑，因此广播站的建设就被推迟了。(1)be sceptical that.怀疑be sceptical about/of sth.对某事怀疑(2)sceptical(英) skeptical(美)She listened to me with a sceptica

27、l expression.她听我说话的时候带着怀疑的表情。I am sceptical that he can finish the work on time.我对他能按时完成工作持怀疑态度。Im extremely sceptical about/of what I read in the local press.我极其怀疑在当地报刊上读到的东西。 (教材P2)Most early TV broadcasts were made using a system developed by John Logie Baird in the UK大部分早期的电视节目使用的是英国的约翰洛吉贝尔德开发的一

28、种系统。【要点提炼】过去分词短语developed by John Logie Baird in the UK在句中作后置定语，修饰system。(1)过去分词短语作定语，常位于被修饰词语的后面，用作后置定语；单个的过去分词通常位于被修饰词语的前面，作前置定语。(2)过去分词(短语)还可用作状语。(2019全国卷)Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed，with very low error rates.根据参与者的打字方式，

29、这台装置收集的数据可用来辨认他们，错误率极低。The injured (injure) workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.受伤的工人现正在医院受到良好的照料。Seen (see) from the top of the mountain，the city is very beautiful.从山顶上看，这座城市很美。名师点津活用分词作定语过去分词作定语时与它修饰的名词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，常表示动作的被动和完成；现在分词作定语时与它修饰的名词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，常表示动作的主动和进行。 (教材P2)John

30、Logie Baird constructed the first colour TV in 1928，but it was not until 1938 that the first colour TV programme was broadcast约翰洛吉贝尔德于1928年制造出第一台彩色电视机，但直到1938年第一个彩色电视节目才播出。【要点提炼】句中的it was not until 1938 that.是强调句型，对时间状语not until 1938加以强调。(1)强调句型的陈述句式：Itis/ was被强调部分that/who其他成分。(2)强调句型的一般疑问句式：Is/ Was

31、 it被强调部分that/who其他成分？(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句式：疑问词is/was it that其他成分？In fact，it is many young peoples ambition to set up programmes or businesses that improve social conditions.事实上，是许多年轻人开办项目或事业的雄心改善了社会状况。Is it because he is ill that he cant come? 是因为生病他才没有来吗？It was not until the next day that I learned the tr

32、uth.直到第二天，我才得知事情的真相。When was it that you arrived at the airport?你是什么时候到达机场的？1(教材P2)However，most people still benefit from satellite TV，as local TV companies broadcast the signals they get from satellite receivers to the population living nearby.【分析】句中as引导一个原因状语从句，在此从句中they get from satellite receive

33、rs是一个省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词the signals；living nearby是现在分词短语作the population的定语。【翻译】然而，大多数人仍然受益于卫星电视，因为当地的电视公司把从卫星接收器收到的信号播送给附近的居民。2(教材P3)However，in 1887 Emile Berliner，a German living in the USA，invented a record player that used discs as alternatives to tubes，and so the modern record player was born

34、.【分析】句中and连接表示顺承关系的并列复合句，在第一个分句中a German living in the USA作Emile Berliner的同位语，living in the USA又作定语，修饰a German，that used discs as alternatives to tubes是定语从句，修饰先行词a record player。【翻译】然而在1887年，埃米尔贝利纳，一位居住在美国的德国人，发明了使用唱片来代替圆管的留声机，于是现代留声机诞生了。.单句语法填空1Im very sceptical about/of the results of the survey.2

35、It was not until Jack came to China as an exchange student this summer that he began to realize the importance of learning Chinese.3I looked up and noticed a snake winding (wind) its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.4We should keep in touch with each other，including writing each other.5They ha

36、d to delay leaving (leave) for the country as a result of the exit visa.6Eating too much fat and sugar can contribute to heart disease and high blood pressure.7The popular cartoon Mulan is an adaptation (adapt) of a Chinese poem for children.8Only 40% of 5yearolds have access to preschool education，

37、which I think should be made more accessible (access)9This kind of trees has a very wide distribution (distribute) in this area.10She did not answer，with her eyes still fixed (fix) on the wall.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1How much did those fireworks contributed to Beijings smoggy weather？contributedcontribute2T

38、he workers had to delay to constructing the new highway because of the bad weather.去掉第二个to3All the buildings are accessible with the people in wheelchairs.withto4Milk is distributing to the local shops by that company now.distributingdistributed5It was not until he got seriously ill who he knew the

39、importance of health.whothat.完成句子1I broke his computer again，which made him very angry我又弄坏了他的计算机，这让他很生气。2The suitcase was so heavy that I couldnt carry it upstairs.手提箱那么重，我无法把它提到楼上去。3It was not until midnight that the noise of the street stopped.直到半夜，街上的噪音才停止了。4In the reading room，we found her seated at a desk，with her attention fixed on a book在阅览室里，我们发现她坐在一张书桌旁，集中精力看一本书。5It took them half a day to find the way to the supermarket.他们花了半天才找到去超市的路。