2019-2020同步外研英语选修七新突破讲义：Module 6 Section Ⅰ　Warming UpPre-reading & Reading .doc

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1、天坛，世界文化遗产，是北京“天地日月”诸坛之首，是我国和世界上现存最大的古代祭祀性建筑群。The Temple of HeavenThe Temple of Heaven is situated in the southern part of the city of Beijing.It was built in 1420，covering an area of 273 hectares.The temple was the place where the emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties worshiped heaven and prayed f

2、or good harvests.It is regarded as one of the greatest architectural structures in the world.Some environmental artists and gardeners describe the temple as a place where people can talk to heaven.In Beijing，four imperial temples were built during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.At the southern end of t

3、he city is the Temple of Heaven.It is the most important of the four.The other three are the Altar of Earth in the north，the Altar of Moon in the west，and the Altar of Sun in the east just behind the Beijing Friendship Store.All of them are still standing，but the Temple of Heaven is the largest grou

4、p of temple building of its kind in China，nearly four times larger than the Forbidden City.It was designed in a way that makes you close to heaven.In making the heaven like structures，the designers made good use of the color，sound，and figures of the circle and the square.The combination of building

5、and gardens helps to make it appear mysterious and magical.The temples architecture has two themes.One is “on the earth” while the other is “in the heaven”In imperial days，the Chinese people believed that the sky was circular and the earth was square.On the basis of this traditional concept，the circ

6、le was widely adopted in the design of the temples main building.It is in accordance with peoples imagination of heaven.阅读障碍词1hectare n公顷2architectural adj. 建筑学的3imperial adj. 皇帝的4accordance n. 一致；和谐；给予诱思导读根据短文内容，回答下列问题1What did the emperors worship and pray for in the Temple of Heaven?Heaven and go

7、od harvests.2How many imperial temples were built during the Ming and Qing Dynasties?Four.SectionWarming Up，Pre-reading & Reading.匹配下列单词的词性及汉语意思()1.preserveAn.遗迹；遗体()2.remains Bn.存在()3.primitiveCn.进化；演变()4.existenceDn.请求；要求()5.evolution En.毁灭性的大灾难()6.contribute Fv.保护；保存()7.recommendGv.促成()8.precious

8、 Hv.建议()9.catastrophe Iadj.(人类或动植物)原始的，原生的()10.requestJadj.宝贵的；珍贵的；贵重的答案15FAIBC610GHJED.选择下列句中词组的汉语意思A造成严重破坏B促成；导致C就达成协议D至关重要E处于非常危险之中F除之外1Now this world heritage site is in serious danger. 2Pollution has caused serious damage to peoples health. 3Apart from providing warmth，fire can also be used for

9、 cooking food and for light. 4Various factors contributed to his downfall. 5This matter is of vital importance to us. 6Have you agreed on the plan of summer holiday？ 答案16EAFBDCPart 1The Amazing Caves of Zhoukoudian Zhoukoudian is a small village about 50 kilometres southwest of Beijing.In the 1920s，

10、archaeologists discovered some prehistoric(史前的) human bones there which changed Chinas knowledge of its history.They came from an unknown species of man and were the first evidence of primitive human life in China thousands of years ago.The remains were .three teeth！第一部分惊人的周口店山顶洞周口店是位于北京西南约五十千米的一个小村

11、庄。上世纪20年代考古学家在那里发现了史前人类的遗骨，这一发现改变了人们对中国历史的认识。那是一类未知人种的遗骨，是千万年前原始人生活在中国的第一证据。遗留物是三颗牙齿！ 助读讲解which changed Chinas knowledge of its history是which引导的定语从句，代指上文提到的事情。In 1929，a complete skull(颅骨) was also discovered.Eventually，archaeologists found almost 200 items，including six skulls and more than 150 teet

12、h.These discoveries proved the existence of a human species who lived in the area between 700，000and 200，000 years ago.1929年，一个完整的头盖骨也被发掘出来。后来，考古学家逐渐发现了约两百件遗物，包括六个头盖骨和150多颗牙齿。这些发现证明了在大约七十到二十万年前之间就有人类生活在该地区。 助读讲解who lived in the area是who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a human species。Four sites where Beijing Man and hi

13、s relations lived were discovered on the northern face of Dragon Bone Hill(Longgushan)They lived in the limestone(石灰石) caves in the area.人们在龙骨山的北坡发现了北京人及其近亲居住过的四处遗址。他们生活在该地区的石灰岩洞中。助读讲解where Beijing Man and his relations lived是where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词four sites。However，the life span of Beijing Man was shor

14、t.About 70% of the people probably died before the age of 14.Fewer than 5% lived to the age of 50.Even so，they were quite sophisticated.Ashes were found alongside the fossils which showed they used fire for cooking food and also for light，warmth and protection from wild beasts.This is the earliest e

15、vidence of the use of fire anywhere in the world.They also made tools of bones and sharpened stones.Unfortunately，when Japan invaded China in 1937，excavations(发掘) at the Beijing Man Site stopped and most of the fossils disappeared，including a Beijing Man skull.They have never been found.After the Pe

16、oples Republic of China was established in 1949，the work started again and Zhoukoudian became an important tourist attraction.然而，北京人的寿命很短，约70%的北京人可能都活不到14岁。活到50岁的人不到5%。尽管如此，北京人进化程度已经很高。跟化石一起被发现的灰烬表明他们用火来做饭、照明、取暖和抵御野兽。这是世界上使用火种的最早证据。他们还使用骨头和尖石做成工具。不幸的是，1937年日军侵华时，北京人遗址的挖掘工作被迫中断，大多数化石不翼而飞，其中包括一个北京人头盖骨

17、，它们至今下落不明。1949年中华人民共和国成立之后，挖掘工作重新开始，周口店成了重要的旅游景区。 助读讲解which showed .是which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the fossils。Zhoukoudian was listed as a world heritage site in December 1987.It has not only given us important information about prehistoric Asian societies，but also has provided amazing evidence about the proces

18、s of evolution.Part 2Beijing Man Heritage Site in Danger The Zhoukoudian Beijing Man Site is one of the most important world heritage sites in China.Since the discovery was made in the 1920s，Zhoukoudian has become an important place for archaeologists from all over the world.At the site in the south

19、west suburb of Beijing，there is，for example，the earliest evidence of the use of fire by humans.It has also been proved that people lived there between 500，000 and 10，000 years ago.1987年12月，周口店被列入世界遗产。它不仅为我们提供了史前亚洲社会的重要信息，而且为我们提供了(人类)进化历程惊人的证据。 第二部分 面临危险的北京人遗址周口店北京人遗址是中国最重要的世界遗产之一。自从上世纪20年代被发现以来，周口店对

20、于全世界考古学家已经成了一个重要的地方。比如说，在北京西南郊区的遗址处，有着人类使用火种的最早证据。它还证明了一万到五十万年前，那里一直有人类生存。助读讲解It has also been proved that .中，it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。Today，however，Zhoukoudian is in serious danger.Parts of the cave have been badly affected by rain and exposure to the air.Some areas are almost completely covered in wee

21、ds(杂草)，causing serious damage.Pollution from nearby cement(水泥) factories has also contributed to the problem.然而，今日的周口店却面临着巨大的危险。部分山洞因受到雨水的侵蚀和空气接触，损坏严重。一些地方杂草丛生，破败不堪。附近水泥厂产生的污染对此也难逃其咎。助读讲解causing serious damage是现在分词短语作结果状语。The site is extremely expensive to maintain and it will cost between three and

22、 five million yuan to repair it.At the moment，visitors are not allowed to visit the caves.Zhoukoudian is on the World Cultural Heritage List，organised by UNESCO，the United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization.The list is constantly checked.Any site which is seriously damaged or w

23、hich is not properly protected is an endangered(濒危的) heritage，and UNESCO is very quick to do something about situations like this.They have recommended that the site be closed and repaired.If nothing is done to repair it，it could be removed from the list.遗址的维护费用极高，修复费用在三百万到五百万元之间。目前，已经禁止游客参观这些山洞。周口店

24、已被联合国教科文组织列入世界文化遗产的名单。名单上的各处遗产需经常接受检查。任何遭到严重破坏或保护不利的遗产都是濒危遗产，联合国教科文组织会及时采取针对此类情况的措施。该组织提议关闭这个遗址并进行维修。若不进行修复，这个遗址就有可能被除名。助读讲解organised by UNESCO是过去分词短语作后置定语，UNESCO后面的部分是它的全称。 此处是由or连接的两个并列的which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词site。recommend后接that引导的宾语从句，从句用虚拟语气，即谓语用“should动词原形”，should可以省略，此处就是省略了should的动词的被动式。This is a

25、 very serious matter and the Chinese Academy of Sciences is trying to raise public awareness(意识) about it.They have suggested that the general public be encouraged to help with the problem.A professor at the Academy has proposed (提议)that a fund(基金) be established to raise money.形势相当严峻，中国科学院正在努力唤醒国民的

26、(保护)意识。他们建议鼓励公众来帮助解决这一问题。中科院的一位教授提议设立基金会来募集资金。助读讲解suggest后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，用法同。propose后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，用法同。Dr Zhu Ming of the Academy said，“We have requested that the government get involved，but we also need assistance(帮助) from ordinary people.They can help by contributing to the cost of repairing the caves.Th

27、ey are a precious part of our cultural heritageit is of vital importance that we do something.If not，it will be a catastrophe.”来自中科院的朱明博士说：“我们已经要求政府参与，但我们同样需要普通大众的协助。他们可以通过捐款的方式做出贡献。它们是我们文化遗产中极其宝贵的部分因此我们采取行动就显得尤其重要。否则就会造成灾难性的后果。”助读讲解request后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，用法同。that we do something用了虚拟语气，should被省略。第一步速读了解

28、文章主题和段落大意速读P7273教材课文，找出下面哪些话题被提到了awhen and where the caves of Zhoukoudian was discovered；bthe population of tourists；cthe discovered items in the caves；dthe importance of the discoveries；ethe rules of visiting the site；fthe present conditions of the site.答案a，c，d，f第二步细读把控文章关键信息细读P7273教材课文，选择最佳答案1Whic

29、h of the following sentences is NOT true about Zhoukoudian?AIts a small village about 50 kilometres southwest of Beijing.BArchaeologists discovered some prehistoric human bones there in 1920.CIt was listed as a world heritage site in December.DA human species once lived in the area between 700，000 a

30、nd 200，000 years ago.2The life span of Beijing Man was short and Aabout 70% of the people probably died before the age of 14Bfewer than 5% lived to the age of 60Cmost of the people were killed by the fierce animalsDthe people couldnt cook their food or protect themselves from wild animals by using f

31、ire3Zhoukoudian was listed as a world heritage site in December 1987 because Asix skulls and more than 150 teeth were found thereBit was the earliest evidence of the use of fire anywhere in the worldCit became an important tourist attraction after 1949Dit has not only given us important information

32、about prehistoric Asian societies，but also has provided amazing evidence about the process of evolution4Which of the following is NOT the danger Zhoukoudian is facing today?AParts of the cave have been badly affected by rain and exposure to the air.BSome areas are almost completely covered in weeds.

33、CMany thieves want to steal the skull of Beijing Man.DPollution from nearby factories also causes damage to it.5From the passage we can infer that Aboth the government and the ordinary people can help preserve the siteBZhoukoudian is in dangerCZhoukoudian has been an important place for archaeologis

34、ts from all over the worldDif nothing is done to repair it，Zhoukoudian could be removed from the list答案15BADCA第三步研读能力升华接轨高考根据P7273教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Zhoukoudian is a small village about 50 kilometers southwest of Beijing.Prehistoric human bones were found there 1.which/that changed Chinas

35、knowledge of its history.Zhoukoudian 2.was listed(list)as a world heritage site in December 1987.It has provided 3.amazing(amaze)evidence about the process of evolution.Today，4.however，Zhoukoudian is in serious danger.Parts of the cave have been badly affected by rain and exposure to the air.Some ar

36、eas are almost pletely(complete)covered in weeds，6.causing(cause)serious damage.Pollution from nearby cement factories has also contributed7.to the problem.UNESCO has recommended that the site 8.(should)be closed(close)and repaired.If nothing is done 9.to repair(repair)it，it could be removed from the list.So，not only the government but also the ordinary people should try their best 10.to raise(raise)money to save it.